• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.459-464
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• 2017

This study aims to provide basic materials for marketing strategies of cosmeceuticals by investigating customers' recognition and satisfaction about cosmeceuticals targeting 161 adult men and women in their 20s to 50s and living in Seoul, Korea and then analyzing what should be improved for customers. According to the survey, many customers prefer cosmeceuticals due to the professionalism recognized by hospitals, the recommendation by doctors and the scientific image, though the recognition about cosmeceuticals is low among customers in their 40s or older because they are unfamiliar with the term. The survey also shows that the satisfaction about cosmeceuticals is very high in that 94.41% out of 49.85% total users said they were willing to repurchase them, while 72.22% out of 50.15% total nonusers said they wanted to purchase them. The greater knowledge about skin, the higher the interest in cosmetics and the aesthetic practice rate. When it comes to comparing cosmeceutical users and nonusers in choosing cosmetic products, the greater knowledge about skin, more nonusers consider brand recognition (r=.222, p<.05) and cosmetic ingredient (r=.245, p<.005); and more users convenience (r=.162, p<.05). Now that total customers' awareness of cosmeceuticals remains low yet, therefore, it is considered necessary to steadily promote them, enhance repurchase factors, and come up with strategies differentiated from ordinary cosmetics.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.549-554
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• 2017

This study conducted a survey on 319 Chinese women in their 20s to 50s living in three large cities in China, with an aim to analyze the influence on the purchasing behavior and satisfaction for Korean cosmetics depending on their complex purchasing tendencies. According to the research, the rational tendency was higher when the subjects were over 40 years old and married, and the impulsive tendency was the highest in those in their 30s. There was no huge difference in regions depending on the two tendencies, while there were statistically significant differences in purchasing period, times and costs when buying cosmetics. In addition, purchasing satisfaction for cosmetics had a positive correlation with purchasing tendencies. The subjects pursued convenience in purchasing as their rational tendency was higher, while they sought the trends as their impulsive tendency was higher. Based on the results, it is expected to maximize purchasing satisfaction of Chinese female consumers depending on their purchasing tendencies, if the Korean cosmetics makers provide reliable quality assurance, product exchange and customer management services. It is also expected to help revitalize the beauty market for China as well as Southeast Asia, if the Korean cosmetics companies implement differentiated marketing strategies targeting the customers in the age group with the impulsive consumption tendency.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.621-630
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• 2011

This research examines the push and pull factors of temple stay in Korean national parks. 152 participants of temple stay in Woljeongsa and Guryongsa in national parks in Gangwon-do area completed a survey to access their reasons for participating in temple stay(push factors) and to evaluate how well the visiting experience performed on a selected set of attributes(push factors). Demographics of respondents were similar to the visitor characteristics of Korean national parks. The result of factor analysis identified 6 push factor domains of 'self actualization', 'health enhancement', 'nature assimilation', 'relationship elevation', 'religious experience', and 'leisure experience'. 6 pull factor domains were 'recuperative quality', 'quality of a temple stay program', 'attributes of a temple', 'user convenience', 'tourism experience' and 'accessibility and transportation'. Satisfaction level of temple stay in a national park was very high of 4.71 in a 5 Likert scale. Gangwon- Do was most preferred with the percentage of 89.2 as a suitable area for temple stay in a national park. Findings of multi-dimensional tourism motivations of temple stay in a national park that encompass nature tourism, cultural tourism and religious tourism is expected to provide useful information for the future development of a more competitive temple stay program and a marketing strategy. However, more defined successive research work is required to generalize findings of wellness oriented push and pull factors of temple stay based on nature in national parks.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.42-57
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• 2015

When a customer chooses a coffee shop, different factors can influence his/her purchase. These factors can include tangible as well as intangible elements such as the coffee shop's atmosphere, layout, and interior. Thus, many coffee brands strive to serve not only a diverse menu, but also a unique quality of environment. This study aimed to investigate the influence of physical environment on customer satisfaction and loyalty in the coffee shop and evaluate the influential power of the physical environment factors using hierarchical regression analysis. Data was collected from customers of coffee shops in Texas, the U.S. The study found that the coffee shops' physical environment influenced the customer's satisfaction and loyalty. Particularly, the coffee shop's physical environment including ambient and interior design greatly influenced the customers' satisfaction. However, a broad range of physical environment factors such as temperature, aroma, lighting, color, and interior furnishings should be provided to increase the customer loyalty. The results may have a broader application to provide effective managerial and marketing information to Korean coffee entrepreneur brand in the U.S. and beyond.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.191-209
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to identify whether franchisee-perceived franchisor's proactiveness, innovativeness and risk-taking affect franchisee-perceived affective commitment with franchisor, and the affective commitment affects franchisee-perceived external representation and service delivery. Based on total 280 samples obtained from owners or managers of franchise fast-food restaurants in located in Yeongnam province, the research findings are as follows. Firstly, the innovativeness and risk-taking positively affect the affective commitment. Secondly, the affective commitment positively affects external representation and service delivery. But proactiveness does not affect the affective commitment significantly. These findings imply that firstly, franchisor should investigate consumer trends periodically and develop new successful menus and services more than competitors do, and implement new marketing techniques innovatively towards these menus and services. Secondly, franchisor had better adopt high return/risk strategies because of deepened competition and do bold decisions of price change etc. Also, in order to increase proactiveness, franchisor needs to launch new menus and services earlier than competitors and occupy market in advance, which strengthens affective commitment with franchisees. Thirdly, in order to increase affective commitment with franchisees, franchisor needs to match franchisor's value with franchisee's value and same value means same objective. Lastly, limitations and further research directions are also discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.890-901
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• 2008

This study explores an initial framework for online product categorization by examining the relationships among Internet motivations, buying tendencies, and online purchase intentions for product categories. A total of 217 usable questionnaires were obtained from respondents in a southwestern state in the United States. A path model using a correlation matrix with maximum likelihood was estimated using LISREL 8.53. Findings indicated that Internet motivations consisted of four factors: Diversion, Economic, Information, and Social motivations. In addition, online products were classified into three categories based on purchase intentions: Sensory, Cognitive, and Search products. Estimated path model showed that diversion and economic motivations affected impulse buying tendency, whereas economic, information and social motivations influenced planned buying tendency in the online context. Also, the buying tendencies were significantly related to online purchase intentions for the product categories. Purchase intentions for sensory products were more strongly affected by impulse buying tendency, whereas purchase intentions for cognitive and search products were more strongly affected by planned buying tendency. Theoretical and managerial implications were discussed for devising an appropriate e-market strategy for specific product categories.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.980-990
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• 2008

This study tested how impulse buying behavior for apparel was related to hedonic consumption and impulse buying tendencies and emotion in the context of shopping. A total of 290 self-administered questionnaires were obtained from college students during scheduled classes. A structural equation model using a correlation matrix with maximum likelihood was estimated for examining the relationships among consumer tendencies of hedonic consumption and impulse buying, positive emotion, and impulse buying behaviors by LISREL 8.53. Findings showed that impulse buying behaviors for apparel could be classified into planned, reminded, and fashion-oriented impulse buying typologies. Hedonic consumption and impulse buying tendencies had significant effects on positive emotion. Positive emotion had a significant effect on planned, reminded, and fashion-oriented impulse buying for apparel. This study suggests that positive emotion plays an important role in determining impulse buying behaviors relevant to hedonic and impulse buying tendencies. Managerial implications for apparel retailers are discussed.

• Proceedings of the KSEEG Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.157-160
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• 2003

해마다 늘고 있는 토사유출희 인한 피해는 자연재해의 측면에서 매우 중요한 과제로 다루어지고 있으며, 토사유출에 의한 환경피해를 최소화하기 위해 토양유실량의 산정에 많은 연구가 진행되고 있다. 그러나 사면에서의 토양유실량 산정방법 및 산정된 결과에 대한 검증 역시 현실적으로 매우 어렵기 때문에 일반적으로 국내에서는 토양유실량산정을 위해 범용토양유실공식(Universal soil loss equation)을 사용하고 있다. 범용토양유실공식(USEL)은 실험적 근거가 미비한 국내실정에서 일반적으로 활용되고 있기 때문에 공식의 적용에 대한 다양한 실험적 연구가 필요하였다. 따라서 본 연구는 남한강 유역 여주-이포 구간을 대상으로 2002년 6월부터 2002년 10월까지 수행된 자연 상태에서의 토양침식실험과 실험지역의 USLE의 적용을 검토하였다. 토양침식실험을 통하여 산정된 침식율과 범용토양유실공식의 결과를 비교하였으며 USLE의 인자에 따른 토양유실량 산정 결과의 변화를 검토하고자 하였다. 남한강 유역에서의 토양침식 실험결과 자연 상태에서 연간토양유실량은 평균 12.54ton/acre/year이었으며, 최소 0.1ton/acre/year, 최대 34.06ton/acre/year로 나타났다. USLE에 의해 계산된 연간토양유실량은 17.15ton/acre/year로서 실험결과와는 많은 차이가 있었다. 이러한 차이는 토양유실량 산정에 필요한 다양한 조건을 정량화하는 과정에서 발생하는 것으로, USLE식에 활용되는 인자의 적용방법에 따라 커다란 차이를 보였다. 따라서 USLE에 의해 산정된 결과를 사용하기 위해서는 다양한 조건에 대한 검토가 이루어져야하며 USLE 산정에 관한 지속적인 실험적 연구가 이루어져야 하겠다. 증가할 것이다. 또한 부분육을 이용한 완전제품, 적색육제품, 유기농이나 별미식 제품과 같은 형태의 다양한 포장육 제품이 도입 될 것으로 생각되어진다.e in vitro SPF test method will be able to be used as an alternative method for in vivo SPF in case of lotion and cream. replica. A statistically significant improvement of Star Fruit Leaf Extract BG30-treated site was seen in decreased wrinkles. Star Fruit Leaf Extract BG30 results in clinically visible improvement in wrinkling when used topically for 5 weeks. 또한 관계마케팅, CRM 등의 이론적 배경이 되고 있는 신뢰와 결속의 중요성이 재확인하는 결과도 의의라고 할 수 있다. 그리고 신뢰는 양사 간의 상호관계에서 조성될 수 있는 특성을 가진 반면, 결속은 계약관계 초기단계에서 성문화하고 규정화 할 수 있는 변수의 성격이 강하다고 할 수가 있다. 본 연구는 복잡한 기업간 관계를 지나치게 협력적 측면에서만 규명했기 때문에 많은 측면을 간과할 가능성이 있다. 또한 방법론적으로 일방향의 시각만을 고려했고, 횡단적 조사를 통하고 국내의 한 서비스제공업체와 관련이 있는 컨텐츠 공급파트너만의 시각을 검증했기 때문에 해석에서 유의할 필요가 있다. 또한 타당성확보 노력을 기하였지만 측정도구 면에서 엄격한 개발과정을 준수하지는 못했다. 향후에는 모바일 컨텐츠 파트너의 기업의 특성을 조사하여 관계성 변수와의

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.27
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• pp.107-128
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between gymnasium selection and training adherence of security martial arts trainees. To this aim, this study selected 8 gymnasiums in Gyounggi and Incheon province and sampled 220 people above the fourth grade in elementary school. Out of these, 14 cases were dropped due to insufficient answers or incomplete answers, and 206 qualified cases were finally adopted for this study. Data were analyzed using exploratory factor analysis, reliability analysis and frequency analysis, MANOVA, correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis with SPSS 18.0. The results of this study were as follows. First, there were significant differences in gymnasium selection factors(instructor background, training program, public relations) depending upon the trainee's sex. Second, there were significant differences in gymnasium selection factors(training program, main others, public relations) depending upon the trainee's school grade. Third, there were no significant differences in training adherence factors depending upon the trainee's sex and school grade. Fourth, there were positive correlations between instructor background, training program and public relations-factors among gymnasium selection and management program, external and social relations-factors among training adherence. Fifth, the partial sub-factors of gymnasium selection have influenced training adherence. Consequently, security martial arts managers and instructors need to establish marketing strategies suitable for sex and school grade to recruit new security martial arts trainees. It may be considered that security martial arts instructors should construct the differentiated management system for trainees and the specialized training program for lasting training of new or existing security martial arts trainees.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.12 no.9
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• pp.1703-1710
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• 2008

As the performance of digital camera keeps going on, the digital camera becomes into wide use recently so that the number of digital images taken by digital camera is increased rapidly. Given the augmentation of digital images, the digital photo frame has appeared for storing and enjoying the digital image and receives attention as the price of digital frame becomes down. However, users with the existing digital frame only could display the digital images and stream media stored in local disk. In the paper, we design and implement a new digital photo frame baled on ubiquitous which could provide a more variety of service to the user. With the proposed digital photo frame, the user could obtain the environment information and the digital image from multimedia sensor network. The users also could enjoy the various stream media stored in the remote streaming server seamlessly. In addition, the user could update the digital image through the web site at anywhere.