• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.29-41
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to improve the fitness of clothes by producing patterns considering body proportions at a time of producing clothes for export through extracting factors comprising body types and conducting comparative analysis of proportions by body part using body indexes of Korean women in their 20s living in both Korea and foreign countries. The study results are as follows. Factor analysis by group was conducted for body indexes in order to examine body types of Koreans living overseas. As a results, six factors were extracted from all of three groups; Joseonjok(Koreans living in China), Goryeoin(Koreans living in Russia) and Korean residents in Japan, and their explanatory powers were 60.42%, 63.62%, 63.15%, respectively. Obesity factor was extracted as the 1st factor, and the groups showed differences in other factors. As a result of proportion comparison using body indexes of Koreans living in foreign countries and Korea, it was found that, in height item, when regarding the height as 100, the length of the lower part of the body was long in the order of Goryeoin. Joseonjok, Koreans living in Korea and Korean residents in Japan. Also in width item, when regarding the waist as a standard, it was observed that Joseonjok people have the shoulders, the breasts and the hips that look relatively wider comparing with the width of the waists because they have very narrow waists and the width between shoulder length is big. In addition, the study examined proportions of the breast thickness/the breast width, the waist thickness/the waist width, the hip thickness/the hip width to height. From the analysis, it was found that breasts of Koreans living in Korea are flattest while their waists are slender, and Goryeoin and Joseonjok have round body shapes from the waist to the breast.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.28 no.7
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• pp.983-994
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• 2004

The aim of this study is to provide fundamental data on the development of ready-to-wear clothes appropriate for the body types of elderly women. The study was conducted targeting 318 elderly women over 60 years of age whose fields of action were colleges for the elderly, sports centers, or business sites in Seoul and the neighboring districts. A total of 44 features in the upper body were used for the anthropometric measurement and analysis using anthropometry and photometry. The results of the study are as follows: 1. Somatotypes were classified into three types according to a cluster analysis using height and weight indices. Type 1 is the group with long and undersized upper body and straight body type since the face of the upper body is long relative to height and width, girth and depth are the smallest relative to weight, the breasts are somewhat fat, with a small extent of drooping and a straight back. Type 2 is the group that is considered fat relative to the body, has broad shoulders, drooping breasts with a wide space between them, and a back-bent upper body. Type 3 is the group that has a bent shape, the shortest upper body relative to height, and showing average obesity factors. 2. Indices of height and weight were used for factor analysis, cluster analysis, and discriminant analysis in order to classify upper body somatotype according to shape while excluding size factors of elderly women＇s upper body somatotype. The same method was used to compare and verify the result according to the absolute measurement and height index. Classification based on height and weight indices demonstrate that such somatotype classification minimizes the personal equation of body shape and it induces better classification based on shape as the results showed the highest cumulative sum of square(CUSUM) at 78.38% while six factors showed the smallest result and the hit rate for the classified three groups showed the highest result at 95.30%.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.371-378
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• 2003

The compression index of clay distributed in the west and south coast of the Korean Peninsula had been studied. Compression index was obtained from the conventional consolidation test, and was conducted accordingly to obtain the field virgin compression curve by means of Schmertmann's graphical correction. To examine a correlation closely between physical properties of soils($e_o$, LL, w) and compression index(Cc), linen. and non-linear regression analysis were employed based on the data collected from tests. The conclusions are as follows. The compression index obtained by means of Schmereann's graphical correction is about 1.16 times for the value of original oedometer test curve for U/D samples. Non-liner regression curve was preferable to establish a correlation equation rather than linear regression curve. All derived equations so far achieved have been summarized and given. However, linear equation is better for practical use so that part by part simplified linear equations were also suggested alternatively together with their own non-linear regression curve.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.207-217
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• 2014

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between the malocclusion and dental caries in adolescents with permanent dentition. The subjects of the study were 385 adolescents aged 12 to 15 years. Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) and DMFT index were recorded as clinical indicators of malocclusion and dental caries. The mean Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) score of the subjects was 12.42 and the mean DMFT index of the subjects was 2.89. Four students (1.04%) were included in the group of orthodontic treatment mandatory, which signifies the handicapping malocclusion. Moreover, the result of gender-specific analysis of the DAI components observed that the prevalence of midline diastema and mandibular overjet were significantly higher among boys (p < 0.05). In 7 components (missing teeth, incisal segment crowding, maxillary anterior irregularity, mandibular anterior irregularity, mandibular overjet, anterior openbite, antero-posterior molar relationship) among the 10 DAI components, abnormal groups showed significantly higher DMFT index than normal groups (p < 0.05). The subjects in the group of definite to handicapping malocclusion (DAI ${\geq}$ 26) showed significantly higher DMFT index than the subjects in the group of minor or no malocclusion (p < 0.01). In addition, the DAI score had significant positive linear correlation with the DMFT index (r = 0.584, p < 0.01). Consequently, the current findings suggested a positive relationship between the malocclusion and caries prevalence. And several specific types of malocclusion were supposed to be significantly correlated with dental caries.

• Geotechnical Engineering
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.55-68
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• 1995

This paper is the analysis of the relationship between RQD and decay constant, blasting vi bration constant of cube root scaling and square root scaling, through experimental blast ins test in subway construction for excavation of shaft hole by bottom blasting. The magnitude of particle velocity is largely effected by the distance from blasting source, the maximum charge per delay and the properties of ground. In order to verify the effects of ground properties on blast-induced vibration, the relation-ship between magnitude of blasting vibration and Rock Quality Disignation which stands for joint property was studied. The results of test are verified that blasting vibration constant "K" and the absolute value("n") of decay constant relatively increse as RQD increased. According to the result, it can be predict the particle velocity by the blast -induced vibration in bottom blasting pattern.om blasting pattern.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.31-40
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• 1999

After investigating the basic problems of seepage flow, the friction factor equation of power form was developed for solving them. The use of power law for the estimation on friction factor enabled to develop the explicit form of equations without any iteration process being related to various non-dimensional physical numbers. For the derivation of friction factor equations, the existing data were re-analyzed, and the simple method of seepage flow design was devised with the power law equations for the estimation of slope, discharge, and diameter.

• The Korean Journal of Financial Studies
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.97-117
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• 2008

본 연구의 목적은 AR(1)-GARCH(1, 1)모형을 이용하여 우리나라의 거시경제변수의 변동성으로부터 주식시장의 변동성으로 전이효과(spillover)가 존재하는지를 규명하는데 있다. 본 연구는 자본시장이 개방되기 시작한 1992년 1월부터 2007년 6월까지 186개월치의 KOSPI 지수 및 주요산업지수와 거시경제변수인 정부의 통화정책을 반영하는 콜금리, 미달러환율, 인플레이션의 대용치인 생산자물가지수 자료에 근거하여 거시경제변수의 주식시장에 대한 변동성전이효과를 AR(1)-GARCH(1, 1)모형을 이용하여 분석하였다. 분석결과에 따르면 콜금리의 KOSPI 지수수익률에 대해 변동성전이효과는 통계적으로 비유의적으로 나타나 변동성전이효과가 없는 것으로 나타났으며 환율은 KOSPI에 대해 양(+)의 변동성전이효과가 존재함을 보였다. 이는 미달러환율의 기대치 않은 변동성이 주식시장의 변동성에 양(+)으로 충격을 준다는 것을 의미한다. 또한 인플레이션의 대용치인 생산자물가지수(PPI)는 주식시장에 대해 변동성전이효과가 1% 유의수준에서 통계적으로 유의하여 강한 변동성전이효과가 존재하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 이자율을 나타내는 콜금리를 제외하고 Cumhur, Arslan and Meziyet(2005)의 연구와 동일한 결과를 보였다.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.194-202
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• 2021

Ionosphere, one of the largest error sources, can pose potentially harmful threat to single-frequency GNSS (global navigation satellite system) user even after applying ionospheric corrections to their GNSS measurements. To quantitatively assess ionospheric impacts on the satellite navigation-based applications using simulation, the standard deviation of residual ionospheric errors is needed. Thus, in this paper, we determine conservative statistical quantity that covers typical residual ionospheric errors for nominal days. Extensive data-processing computes TEC (total electron content) estimates from GNSS measurements collected from the Korean reference station networks. We use Klobuchar model as a correction to calculate residual ionospheric errors from TEC (total electron content) estimate. Finally, an exponential delay model for residual ionospheric errors is presented as a function of local time and satellite elevation angle.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.44 no.8
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• pp.639-652
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• 2011

In this study, the suitability of drought indices was analyzed using the quantified drought records from official reports, newspapers and drought indices estimated using precipitation and air temperature data of 69 weather stations from 1973 to 2009. Test statistics of the suitability of meteorological drought indices were evaluated using the ROC analysis. Results demonstrated that PN shows the best relationships with drought records. SPI3 and Deciles Distribution Ratio also show good relationships with drought records and their variability according to the administrative divisions is relatively small. Results of the analysis of the spatial and temporal variability of drought and the accuracy of the drought indices can be used to evaluate the accuracy of drought indices in drought monitoring and prediction, and to select the best index in drought management.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.27 no.9
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• pp.37-46
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• 2011

The compression index, which represents the compressibility of clay, is generally obtained from the consolidation test, or has been predicted by empirical correlations with soil properties. In this study, the results of consolidation tests on natural and reconstituted Busan and Inchon clays are analyzed to figure out the sedimentation state and its effect on empirical correlations. Results of analysis show that the void index of Busan clay is higher than SCL while the void index of Inchon clay is lower than SCL. By comparing prediction errors with ${\Delta}e_r$, which represents the sedimentation state of clay, it is shown that errors predicting the compressibility based on the liquid limit and plasticity index decrease as ${\Delta}e_r$ increases. Supplemented correlations predicting the compression index of Busan and Inchon clays are suggested using these relationships.