• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.480-482
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• 2018

The draft genome sequencing for Zhongshania marina $DSW25-10^T$, isolated from deep seawater of East Sea in Korea, was performed using Illumina HiSeq platform. As a result, the draft genome was comprised of a total length of approximately 4.08 Mbp with G + C content of 49.0%, and included a total of 3,702 protein-coding genes, 3 rRNA genes, 39 tRNA genes, 4 non-coding RNA genes, and 36 pseudogenes. In addition, the metabolic pathways of aliphatic and aromatic compounds were identified. In light of these metabolic pathways, Zhongshania marina $DSW25-10^T$ is expected to be a useful bioremediation resource.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.392-396
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• 2008

Acer tegmentosum is a tree used to treat various liver diseases in Korea. There have been some concern regarding the safety of Acer tegmentosum due to some toxic chemical compounds in its stems. Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) was employed to develop a removing method of toxic compounds from Acer tegmentosum. The toxic compounds were effectively extracted with ethanol modified supercritical fluid $CO_2$. The optimum condition of SFE was 100 bar of pressure, $40^{\circ}C$ of extraction temperature, 3 mL/min of $CO_2$ flow rate, 0.2 mL/min of modifier (ethanol) flow rate.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.1-14
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• 2003

This study was conducted to investigate that the immature and mature oocytes of porcine can be cryopreserved by vitrification. Oocytes were centrifuged to polarize the cytoplasmic lipid droplets. The lipids were removed from cytoplasm by micromanipulation. Delipated oocytes were centrifuged after being preincubated with cytochalasin B(CB) fer 10 min, and lipid droplets were removed. Centrifuged oocytes were treated with CB and centrifuged to polorize lipid droplets but not delipated and control oocytes is not-treatment. Oocytes of three types were vitrified in electron microscope(EM) grids. The results of survival, maturation and cleavage rates were as follows. 1 The survival rates of immature oocytes were 15.1%, 0% and 0% in the Delipated, Centrifuged and Control after vitrification, respectively, and its rate of Delipated wassignificantly higher than Centrifuged and Control(P<.01). 2. The survival rates of mature oocytes were 12.21%, 0% and 0% in the Delipated, Centrifuged and Control after vitrification, respectively, and its rate of Delipated was significantly higher than Centrifuged and Control(P<.01). 3 The maturation rates of immature oocytes were 37.5% and 68.9% for metaphase II in the Delipated after vitrification and Non-vitrification, respectively, and its rate of Non-vitrification was significantly higher than Delipated after vitrification(P<.01). 4. The cleavage rates of immature oocytes were 12.5%, 0%, 0% and 56.1% in the Delipated, Centrifuged, Control after vitrification and Non-vitrification, respectively. It's rate of Delipated was higher than Centrifuged and Control, but there were no significant difference, and its rate of Non-vitrification was significantly higher than Delipated, Centrifuged and Control(P<.05). 5 The cleavage rates of mature oocytes were 25.0%, 0%, 0% and 67.9% in the Delipated, Centrifuged, Control after vitrification and Non-vitrification, respectively. It's rate of Delipated was higher than Centrifuged and Control, but there were no significant difference, and its rate of Non-vitrification was significantly higher than Delipated, Centrifuged and Control(P<.05).

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.367-376
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• 2000

The observation using an electron microscope shows that the maturation of the oocyte of African giant snail, Achatina fulica, proceeds over three stages. The oocyte of stage 1 is a small elliptic cell $(220\times400{\mu}m)$ whose light nucleoplasm contains two nucleoli. In its cytoplasm, a number of mitochondria, rough endoplasmic reticula, and ribosomes are found, while yolk granules are not. The nucleus of the oocyte of stage 2 is relatively large in comparison with the volume of cytoplasm, and contains one nucleolus. In the nuclear envelope comprising inner and outer double membrane, there are found a lot of nuclear pores for materials to pass through. A number of mitochondria, Golgi complex and lipid yolk granules appears in the cytoplasm, and proteinous yolk granules begin to form and mature in the vacuoles of various sizes ($0.8\sim3.0{\mu}m$ in diameter). The oocyte of stage 3 has an enlarged nucleolus. Material transportation through nuclear pore is not found any longer. The cytoplasm in this stage is filled with proteinous and lipid yolk granules. The microvilli are developed around the egg plasma membrane.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.24 no.2 s.62
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• pp.179-185
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• 2006

This study investigated the seasonal changes of body composition and elasticity between wild and cultured brown croaker, Miichthys miiuy. The wild fish were analyzed and compared with cultured fish in moisture, crude protein, lipid, ash and many kinds of amino acids. Cultured fish was higher in moisture content and lower in crude lipid and protein content than those of wild one. The wild fish were more abundant in the total amino acid compositions than those of cultured one. As result E/A ratio there was a little significant differences between wild and cultured. In highly unsaturated fatty acid, EPA (Eicosapentaenoic Acid) and DHA (Docosahexaenoic Acid) content of cultured fish were higher than wild one. On the other hand, the gel strength, max weight and hardness of wild fish were higher than cultured one.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.431-436
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• 1994

The objective of experiment was to investigate the effects of sowing dates on forage yield and growth characteristics of rye in paddy field cultivation in midwest region of Korea. The field experiment treated with 5 levels of sowing dates was carried out at Yesan from october 1990 to june 1991. The field emergence rate and winter survival rate were decreased with delay in sowing dates by the days from sowing to emergence were took a long period of time. The crop growth rate were increased with early in sowing date. The fresh and dry weight of rye were increased with early in sowing date, but there was no significant differences between sowing date from Oct. 5 to Oct. 25. The highest fresh yield was obtained at flowering stage and the highest dry yield was obtained at milky stage. The ratio of leaf blade and leaf sheath in rye plant were decreased with earlier sowing date and delayed harvest, but the ratio of stem and inflorescence was vice versa.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.652-657
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• 1990

Primary amines react with 1,6-hexanediol at 180$^{\circ}C$ for 5 h under argon atmosphere in the presence of both $RuCl_3{\cdot}3H_2$O and $PR_3$ to give N-substituted perhydroazepine derivatives in good yields. For aromatic amines such as anilines, $RuCl_3{\cdot}3H_2$O combined with $PPh_3$ showed the highest catalytic activity. On the other hand, in the reaction of aliphatic amines, $RuCl_3{\cdot}3H_2$O combined with $PBu_3$ showed the highest catalytic activity. These differences may be attributed to the difference in the basicity of these amines. Less basic aromatic amines may require less basic phosphines, while more basic aliphatic amines may require more basic phosphines as the ligands.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.13-19
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• 1999

To investigate and compare the effects of air pollution near Seoul on soil ion, plant nutrient contents and plant growth, 14 Quercus mongolica forests were studied from Mt. Namsan in Seoul to Mt. Maebongsan in Kangwon-Do along the line transect. Soil pH values decreased as approached to Seoul. Concentrations of basic cations such as exchangeable Ca/sup 2+/, Mg/sup 2+/ and Na/sup +/ and effective cation exchange capacity(ECEC) in forest soil decreased as approached to Seoul. Ca/sup 2+/ and Mg/sup 2+/ contents in l-year-old Q. mongolica twigs decreased, but their K/sup +/ and Na/sup +/ contents increased as approached to Seoul. Ca/sup 2+/ contents in l-year-old Q. mongolica leaves decreased, but their K/sup +/ and Mg/sup 2+/ contents increased as approached to Seoul. Length of l-year-old twigs generally decreased near Seoul. Tree-ring analyses of Q. mongolica trees in Mt. Namsan and Mt. Yebongsan showed that mean tree-ring width in Mt. Namsan was narrower than that of Mt. Yebongsan from early 1970's to late 1980's.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.145-150
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• 2010

Anoectochilus formosanus, commonly known as "Jewel Orchids", which has been used in traditional folk medicines for feber, pain, and diseases of the lung and liver in Taiwan. We artificially cultured Anoectochilus formosanus plantlet by using the bioreactor culture system for this study from Anoectochilus formosanus. Previously, several studies have been reported on pharmacological activities of lipid-metabolism, hepatoprotective activity, anti-tumor activity and immuno-stimulating effects but other efficacy were not well known as a cosmetic ingredient for skin care. In this study, we investigated the effect of melanogenesis in B16 mouse melanoma cells and lipid droplet accumulation in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes about Anoectochilus formosanus plantlet extract. We report that Anoectochilus formosanus plantlet extract inhibits the cytoplasmic lipid droplet accumulation through adipogenic differentiation of preadipocytes as well as inhibition of tyorsinase activity and melanogenesis. As a result, our findings indicate that Anoectochilus formosanus plantlet extract may be the potential natural ingredient for whitening and slimming cosmetic products.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2021

BACKGROUND: G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are widely distributed in various organisms. Insect GPCRs shown as in vertebrate GPCRs are membrane receptors that coordinate or involve in various physiological processes such as learning/memory, development, locomotion, circadian rhythm, reproduction, etc. This study aimed to identify GPCRs expressed in fat body and compare the expression pattern of GPCRs in different temperature conditions. METHODS AND RESULTS: To identify GPCRs genes and compare their expression in different temperature conditions, total RNAs of fat body in Plutella xylostella larva were extracted and the transcriptomes have been analyzed via next generation sequencing method. From the fat body transcriptomes, genes that belong to GPCR Family A, B, and F were identified such as opsin, gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor, neuropeptide F (NPF) receptor, muthuselah (Mth), diuretic hormone receptor, frizzled, etc. Under low temperature, expressions of GPCRs such as C-C chemokine receptor (CCR), opsin, prolactin-releasing peptide receptor, substance K receptor, Mth-like receptor, diuretic hormone receptor, frizzled and stan were higher than those at 25℃. They are involved in immunity, feeding, movement, odorant recognition, diuresis, and development. In contrast to the control (25℃), at high temperature GPCRs including CCR, gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor, moody, NPF receptor, neuropeptide B1 receptor, frizzled and stan revealed higher expression whose biological functions are related to immunity, blood-brain barrier formation, feeding, learning, and reproduction. CONCLUSION: Transcriptome of fat body can provide understanding the pools of GPCRs. Identifications of fat body GPCRs may contribute to develop new targets for the control of insect pests.