• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.1-22
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• 2024

목 적: 본 연구의 목적은 유방암 세포(MCF-7) 이식 누드 마우스 모델을 이용하여 육종용 열수 추출물의 면역활성 효과를 통한 항암 활성을 체계적으로 평가하는 것이다. 육종용 열수 추출물은 유방암 치료제로 자주 사용되는 대표적인 경구용 항암제인 tamoxifen 경구 투여군과 비교하여 분석 연구하였다. 방 법: 총 110마리의 6주령 암컷 누드 마우스를 준비하여, 7일간 적응 후 체중이 일정한 마우스를 선정하여 우측 둔부 피하부위에 MCF-7 세포를 이식하였다. 종양세포 이식을 한 지 20일 후, 종양 크기 및 체중을 기준으로 그룹 당 8마리씩 본 실험에 사용하였다. MCF-7 이종 이식 21일 후부터 매일 1회씩 35일간 육종용 열수 추출물을 10 ml/kg의 용량(400, 200 및 100 mg/kg)으로 경구 투여하였으며, tamoxifen 역시 10 ml/kg의 용량(20 mg/kg)으로 경구 투여하였고, 정상 및 종양 이식 매체 대조군에서는 멸균증류수만 종양 이식 21일 후부터 동일한 방법으로 35일간 경구 투여 하였다. 결 과: 본 실험의 결과, MCF-7 세포 이식을 함으로써 현저한 비장 및 하악하 림프절 무게, 혈중 IFN-γ의 함량, IL-1β 및 IL-10의 함량, 비장내 TNF-α, 비장세포 및 복강 대식구의 활성의 감소가 관찰되었고, 비장 및 하악하 림프절의 림프구 감소에 의한 조직병리학적 위축 또한 관찰되었다. 그리고 체중 및 증체량의 감소 역시 관찰되었으며, 혈중 IL-6 함량의 증가, 난소 주위의 지방 무게의 감소 및 조직병리학적으로 난소 주위의 축적 지방 조직 위축 현상이 인정되어, 종양 이식 후에 전형적인 종양과 관련된 면역억제와 악액질 현상이 유발된 것으로 판단되었다. 한편 육종용 열수 추출물 400, 200 및 100 mg/kg 경구 투여군에서는 종양 이식 대조군에 비해 유의성 있는 현저한 항암활성이 투여 용량 의존적으로 관찰되었다. 또한 tamoxifen 20 mg/kg 경구 투여군에서는 종양 관련 악액질 소견이 오히려 악화되는 반면, 육종용 열수 추출물 경구 투여군에서는 면역활성 및 악액질 억제 효과가 관찰되었다. 결 론: 본 연구 결과, 육종용 열수 추출물의 적절한 경구 투여는 심각한 부작용 없이, 종양 관련 악액질 소견을 포함하여, 효과적인 유방암 치료 수단을 제공할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.14-22
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• 2009

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of powdered young barley leaf and its water extract on body weight and lipid metabolism in high-fat fed mice. Male mice were divided into normal group, high-fat (HF) group, high-fat group supplemented with powdered young barley leaf (HF-YBL) and high-fat group supplemented with water extract of the powdered young barley leaf (HF-WYBL). The powdered young barley leaf or its water extract was added to a standard diet based on 1% dried young barley leaf (1 g YBL/100 diet and 0.28 g WYBL/100 g diet) for 8 weeks. Supplementation of YBL and WYBL significantly reduced body weight and epididymal adipose tissue weight in high-fat fed mice. Food intake and daily energy intake were significantly lower in the YBL group than in the HF group. After 8 weeks, plasma triglyceride and cholesterol concentrations were significantly higher in the HF group than in the Normal group; however, both YBL and WYBL significantly lowered those of the high-fat fed mice. The ratio of HDL-cholesterol/total cholesterol of the YBL and WYBL groups were significantly elevated compared to that of HF group. Both YBL and WYBL significantly increased fecal excretion of triglyceride in high-fat fed mice, whereas they did not affect fecal cholesterol concentration. The triglyceride levels of liver, adipose tissue and heart were significantly lower in the YBL and WYBL groups than in the HF group. Supplementation of WYBL also lowered the kidney triglyceride and heart cholesterol concentrations compared to those of HF group. Hepatic lipid regulating enzyme activities, fatty acid synthase, HMG-CoA reductase and acyl-coenzyme A: cholesterol acyltransferase, were significantly lower in the YBL and WYBL groups than in the HF group. Accordingly, these results suggest that YBL and WYBL improve plasma and organ lipid levels partly by increasing fecal lipid excretion and inhibiting fatty acid and cholesterol biosynthesis in the liver.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.194-199
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• 2014

The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-obesity effects of Lentinus edodes water extract powder (LEP) in mice fed a high fat diet (HF, 45% kcal fat). Mice were administrated a HF diet supplemented with 1%, 3%, or 5% LEP for 12 weeks. Consumption of HF diet caused increases in body weight, serum lipid profiles, and adipose tissue weights. Serum TC and TG levels in the LEP-supplemented groups were lower than those in the NC group. Supplementation with 5% LEP significantly suppressed body weight gain and reduced the weight of subcutaneous adipose tissue compared to the HF group. HF diet ingestion resulted in higher lipid content and increased lipid peroxidation in the liver. However, LEP supplementation inhibited accumulation of hepatic lipids induced by HF diet, considerably decreased MDA levels, and elevated total antioxidant activity in the livers of mice in the 5% LEP group. Histopathological analysis indicated that the livers of mice fed HF diet developed hepatic steatosis, whereas LEP-treated groups showed small fat droplets. These results suggest that long-term supplementation with LEP may also have an ameliorating effect on HF-induced obesity.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.468-475
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• 1992

This study was carried out to observe the effects of dietaryn-6, n-3 fatty acids and vitamin A levels on humoral immunity in rat. Sixty eight male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed 6 different experimental diets for 6 weeks. The diets were composed of 10% of either corn oil or fish oil with various levels of vitamin A ; deficient(12450 IU/kg diet) adequate(4000IU/kg diet) and excess(400,000 IU/kg diet) The weight of spleen from the excess vitamin A-fish oil group showed the lowest value of all the groups when spleen weight was expressed/100g body weight. The number of PFC to SRBC was not affected by dietary at type and vitamin A levels. Hemagglutination titers were significantly lower in fish oil groups compared to corn oil groups and the values of vitamin A deficient groups were lower than the ones of adequate and excess vitamin A groups. IgM contents is serum were significantly lower in fish oil groups than in corn oil groups. IgG contents were higher in fish oil groups than in corn oil groups and the highest levels was recorded in excess vitamin A-fish oil group which showed the smallest speen size. Light microscopical examination showed that spleen tissues of fish oil groups were well developed than those of the corn oil groups and vitamin A deficient and excessive groups showed poor development than the adequate groups. Therefore it is suggested that adequate amounts of vitamin A consumption is necessary for healthy individuals and fish oil intake along with excess vitamin A should be avoided in order to maintain immune function properly.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.22-27
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• 2006

This study was carried out to determine the optimum conditions for making soybean curd(or tofu) from defatted soybean flour.. Heating soymilk above $80^{\circ}C$ for at least $5{\sim}10\;min$ was necessary for soybean protein to form aggregates during subsequent coagulation process with glucono-${\delta}$-lactone(GDL). For maximum yield of tofu, with water content of approximately 80%, extra addition of 20 g of oil and 5 g of GDL per 425 g of soybean flour was needed. Maintaining soymilk temperature around $75^{\circ}C$ for 5 min was necessary when GDL was used as the coagulant.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.958-962
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• 1996

Hypolipidemic effect of methanolic extract of marine algae, Pachymeniopsis elliptica was examined in hyperlipidemic rats. Male $Sprague-Dawley(120\pm5g)$ rats were divided into five groups and fed high fat diets for four weeks. Each group was orally administered with methanolic extract of P. elliptica (PEM, 250, 500mg/kg), benzofibrate(BZF, 30mg/kg) and cholestyramine resin(CSR, 100mg/kg) daily for one week. Significant decreases in cholesterol, total lipid and triglyceride of both blood and liver were observed by the administration of the extract. But the levels of LDL- and HDL-cholesterol and the activity of lipase were not changed. Such results suggest that the extract may promote the fecal excretion of bile acid in hyperlipidemic rats.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1993.04a
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• pp.84-84
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• 1993

취장 외분비 기능 부전은 임상적으로 영양결핍, 발육부전, 지방변동을 유발하나 이의 치료로는 결려된 소화효소 보충 등 보존적 요법만 시행될 뿐 근본적인 치료법은 없는 실정이다. 지난해 과제는 합성 단백분해 억제물질인 Camostat이 취장의 비대와 중식을 일으키며 또한 단백분해 효소분비를 증가시킴을 보고한 바 있다. 이를 토대로 최근 보고된 실험적 취장 외분비기능 부전 모델을 이용하여 camostat의 효과를 검색하고자 하였으며 아울러 이를 CCK효과와 비교하였다. 실험동물로는 몸무게 200 g 안팎의 수컷 Sprague-Dawley계 흰쥐를 사용하였으며 취장기능 부전은 oleic acid (25 $\mu$/100 g bw)를 취관내 주입하여 유발하였다. Camostat은 200 mg/kg씩 위내 투여(i.g.)하였으며 CCK(CCK-8)는 5 $\mu\textrm{g}$/kg씩 하루 2회 피하주사하였고 투여기간은 각각 3, 7, 14 일간으로 하였다. 각 약물 투여 후 취장 외분비 기능과 조직학적 검색을 실시하여 다음과 같온 결과를 얻었다. 1. Oleic acid의 취관내 주입으로 흰쥐의 취장 무게, 조직내 효소단백 함량 및 효소분비량이 현저히 감소되었고 조직학적으로 심한 위축과 섬유화를 관찰할 수 있었으며 이는 주입 후 기간이 지남에 따라 계속 진행하였다. 2. 취장기능 부전 유발 흰쥐에서 camostat 처치로 조직내 효소단백 함량 및 효소분비가 증가 되었으며 이는 14일간 처치군에서 뚜렷하였다. 3. 취장 기능부전 유발 횐쥐에서 camostat 처치는 조직학적으로 기능적인 외분비 조직이 유지되었으며 이는 3일군에서 특히 뚜fut하였다. 4. 취장기능부전 유발 횐쥐에서 CCK 처치효과는 camostat 처치효과와 비슷하였다. 이상의 결과로 보아 oleic acid 주입은 취장기능부전 연구에 유용한 실험모델로 생각되며 합성 단백 분해 효소 억제제인 Camostat은 취장외분비 기능 부전의 진행을 억제하고 어느정도 그 기능을 호전시킬 수 있으며 이는 CCK유리에 기인한다고 생각한다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.40 no.12
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• pp.1708-1714
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• 2011

This study investigated the possible anti-obesity effects of Hypsizigus marmoreus on high fat-fed mice. Thirty male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into 3 groups: a normal diet group (N), a high-fat diet group (HF), and a high-fat diet with 5% Hypsizigus marmoreus group (HF-H). After 8 weeks, the body weights in the HF group significantly increased, while those of the HF-H group decreased. Also, liver and adipose tissue weights in the HF-H group significantly decreased. Total serum cholesterol, leptin, and insulin levels were significantly higher in the HF group than those of the N group, but lower than those of the HF-H group. Accumulation of hepatic lipids was apparent in the HF group, as indicated by HE staining and hepatic lipid analysis, while these effects were improved by supplements with Hypsizigus marmoreus in the HF-H group. Also, a reduction in adipocyte size of the epididymal adipose tissue was observed in the HF-H group. $PPAR{\gamma}$, SREBP-1c, and SCD-1 protein expressions were down-regulated in the epididymal adipose tissue of the HF-F group compared to the HF group. Taken together, these results suggest that Hypsizigus marmoreus may an effective anti-obesity treatment.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.1-13
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• 1989

The present study was designed to examine the effect of dietary fish oil on blood pressure and lipid status of serum. Weanling SHRs and normotensive Wistars were fed a diet containing 5%(w/w) mackerel oil(MO), soybean oil(SO) or beef tallow(BT) for 8 weeks. Growth rate was not significantly different among three dietary groups, but that of SHRs was silightly lower than that of Wistars. SHRs showed higher systolic blood pressure than Wistar rats from the beginning and become hypertensive (over 150mmHg) after 6 week s of feeding period. The MO group of SHRs showed the lowest blood pressure at the 8th week of feeding period but that of Wistars showed similar values with other groups. Tissue weights of liver, heart and kidney were not different amongdietary aroups in Wistars and SHRs. However, heart and kidney weights of SHRs were significantly higher than those of Wistars. Microscopic examination revealed that endomysium of heart tissue and urinary space of kidney were narrowed in SHRs. Serum total and HDL-cholesterol showed similar values among three different dietary fat groups but triglyceride levels were significantly low in MO groups. HDL-cholesterol levels of SHRs were lower than those of Wistars, as well as the fractions of total HDL, the sum of HDL and $HDL_{2+3}$, while VLDL fractions were higher in SHRs. MO groups had the lower values of $HDL_1,\;HDL_{2+3}$ratio than SO and BT groups. Major dietary fatty acids were more or less incorporated into serum phospholipid and triglyceride, resulting in the characteristic fatty acid profile of each dietary group. Incorporation of $C_{18:2}({\omega}_6)$ in SO groups were pronounced, but the degree of incorporation was lower in SHRs. In Mo groups, $C_{22:6}({\omega}_3)$ levels were inreased in triglyceride. It is suggested that these changes in serum lipid fatty acid composition are related to the different patterns of serum lipid by alteration of dietary fats.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.589-605
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• 2023

Soy isoflavones are attracting attention from postmenopausal women because of their beneficial effects on menopausal symptoms. This study was investigated whether a combination of soy isoflavone genistein and swimming exercise (Gen+SE) would have a beneficial synergistic effect on obesity and improvement of liver function compared to the genistein only (Gen) and swimming exercise only (SE) in ovariectomized mice. Ovariectomized mice were randomly divided into control group (Con), Gen, SE, and Gen+SE, and were fed a high-fat diet for 8 weeks. As a result of examining the body weight, weight of white adipose tissue, lipid accumulation of liver, and serum ALT and AST levels, both Gen and SE decreased compared to Con, and Gen+SE decreased more than compared to Gen and SE. The expression of inflammatory cytokines MCP-1, IL-6 and TNF-𝛼 genes in liver decreased in both Gen and SE compared to Con, and were further decreased in Gen+SE compared to Gen and SE. But The expression of adiponectin showed opposite results. The expression of fatty acid oxidation related genes in liver increased in both Gen and SE compared to Con, and were more effectively than increased in Gen+SE compared to Gen and SE. Therefore this study suggests that the interaction between soy isoflavone and swimming exercise is very effective controlling obesity and recovering decreased liver function, and this is caused by promoting fatty acid oxidation in the liver in ovariectomized mice.