• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.77-84
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• 2008

Soil purification theory is the method using the soil micro-organism like aerobic and anaerobic for treatment of wastewater. The soil has many kinds of micro-organism and it multiply as change of the environment. Unlikely other methods, the soil purification theory is adaptable to inflow water change; moreover, it can process the T-N, T-P without any special method and management. The top is covered with the improved soil which can remove the bad smell and is used for resting place according to planting the lawn. This study is focused on analysis of the treatment processing of wastewater comparing inflow with outflow water. As a results, removal rate of the processing the BOD, COD and SS is almost 90~100% and it is 60~80% in T-N, T-P.

• Geotechnical Engineering
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.87-98
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• 1995

Laboratory tests were performed on modeling of in situ remediation of contaminated soils by aqueous solution extraction, thus investigating the feasibility of in situ treatments of soil to promote desorption of organic hazardous wastes. The investigation was conducted using phenol, aniline, quinoline, and 2-napthol adsorbed onto a UH40 soil, and various aqueous solutions were used to desorb, or otherwise remove, these organic contaminants. Decontaminants consisted of deionized water as a reference, hydrogen peroxide, acidy, bases, and surfactants. In situ conditions were modeled in the laboratory by permeating potential extracting liquids through reconstituted, contaminated soil specimens under controlled hydraulic gradients and stress condition through flexible wall permeameter tests. Sodium hydroxide desorbed phenol effectively. Aniline was effectively descorbed by nonionic surfactant. Anionic surfactant remediated quinoline and 2-napthol.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2003.03a
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• pp.185-188
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• 2003

오염된 지하수 정화에 있어 반응벽체(Permeable Reactive Barriers, PRBs)를 이용한 정화기법은 최근 가장 큰 관심을 모으고 있는 기술이다. 반응벽체의 적용에 있어 가장 중요한 사항은 오염물질의 특성을 고려하여 적절한 반응성을 가지는 충진물질을 선택하는 일이다. 지금까지 연구된 반응물질 중 제올라이트는 취득이 용이하고 가격이 저렴하여, 암모늄이나 중금속과 같은 양이온성 오염물질의 정화에 그 적용성을 인정받아왔다. 하지만 표면에 음전하를 띠는 제올라이트의 특성 때문에, 지하수내에서 음이온의 형태로 존재하는 Cr(VI) 등에는 반응성이 없는 것으로 알려져 왔다. 이에 본 연구에서는 제올라이트에 영가철을 결합한 ZanF란 물질을 개발하여 양이온성 중금속의 하나인 납과 음이온성 중금속의 하나인 Cr(VI)을 동시 제거하는 실험을 수행하였다. 실험결과 ZanF는 초기농도 2-15mmol를 가지는 납 오염용액에 대해 90% 이상의 제거율을 보였으며, 초기농도 0.1 mmol을 가지는 Cr(VI) 오염용액의 농도를 5시간 내에 검출한계 이하로 떨어뜨리는 탁월한 효과를 보였다. 실험결과를 토대로 ZanF는 납과 Cr(VI)으로 동시에 오염된 지하수 정화에 효과적으로 사용될 수 있으리라 기대된다.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.13-23
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• 2001

In this study, the characteristics of pH variations and contaminant distribution in soil are investigated during electrokinetic treatment for the purpose of restoring contaminated soil with heavy metal. For these objects, laboratory test for the kaolin contaminated by lead was performed. During electrokinetic treatment, lead was transported from anode to cathode. And 75% of lead removed within 80% region of the specimen. Most lead, however, that transported from anode to cathode precipitated in the vicinity of cathode compartment, thus the amount of lead removed by electroosmosis was little. Electrokinetic treatment satisfied regulation criteria of Korean Soil Environment Conservation Law within almost region of the specimen. But enhancement methods can be regarded as inevitable requisite for the cathode region.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.63-71
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• 2016

Soil filling or replacement are routinely applied for soil restoration of domestic asbestos waste contaminated areas. However, since these soil recovery methods could not fundamentally solve the asbestos contamination, number of research on new alternative technologies have been carried. In this study, comprehensive laboratory test results utilizing wind power apparatus are used to design wind power purification device that can be applied in practice. Preliminary tests were carried out with wollastonite or actual asbestos waste contamination soils to study purification efficiency. Asbestos content measured immediately after in-situ test on asbestos-contaminated soil satisfying for purification standard showing less than 0.25% asbestos content from all tests, hence, analyzed to ensure over 90% of clean soil recovery rate and considered to be excellent applicability of future asbestos-contaminated soil purification.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.26 no.5C
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• pp.291-301
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• 2006

In this study the characteristics of electrokinetic remediation, which is dependent on a various electrode configuration, was predicted from 2-D numerical analysis program (HERO-2D). Based on the predicted results for one dimensional and two dimensional electrode configurations, the optimized electrode configuration was determined by analyzing remediation efficiency, consumed electric power, installation cost of electrode and so on. When proposed electrode configurations were applied for in-situ remediation of the soils contaminated by heavy metals, the electrode configuration of high remediation efficiency should be chosen in case the high removal effect would be required, and one dimensional electrode configuration should be chosen in case the hard field works would be expected. Because the rectangular electrode configuration is better than others for consumed electric power, remediation efficiency per unit power, installation cost of electrode and so on, it can obtain the best results for the cost reduction.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.349-356
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• 2002

In this research, phenol was selected as a representative hydrophilic organic compound and phenanthrene as a representative hydrophobic organic contaminant in petroleum. Fine-grained soil which was manufactured artificially in laboratory was contaminated and EK remediation tests were executed. Also, in order to increase removal efficiency, the surfactant that had been used with improvement technique at the pump-and-treat was used by enhanced method. In the test, the phenol which has high solubility is easily removed, but phenanthrene which has low solubility is almost not. Also, it seems to be the delay phenomenon that the phenanthrene is accumulated near the cathode department vicinity at the enhanced technique which applied the surfactant, but the removal efficiency increases as the surfactant concentration increases. By the test which increases with time, the enhanced method with increasing time is more efficient than the method with increasing surfactant.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.29-36
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• 2004

Batch and column tests were performed to develop the design factors for permeable reactive barriers(PRBs) against the contaminated groundwater with ammonium from unsanitary landfill. Clinoptilolite, one of natural zeolites having excellent cation exchange capacity(CEC), was chosen as the reactive material. In batch test, the reactivity of clinoptilolite to ammonium was examined by varying the initial concentration of ammonium and the particle size of clinoptilolites. One gram of clinoptilolite showed removal efficiency about 80% against the ammonium except in very high initial concentration of 80 ppm, but the effect of particle size of clinoptilolite was not noticeable. Permeability test was performed for the specimens made of clinoptilolite and Jumunjin sand with 20 : 80 weight ratio. Flexible wall permeameter was employed far permeability test. The specimen containing the washed 0.42-0.85mm clinoptilolite showed the highest permeability of about $10^{-3}$/s. In column test, the reactivity of mixed materials against ammonium in flowing condition was examined with the landfill leachate. With the test results, clinoptilolite was found to be a suitable material for PRBs against the contaminated groundwater with ammonium.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2002.03a
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• pp.3-38
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• 2002

This paper presents a general review of the literature on electrokinetic (EK) remediation of contaminated soil. Lab-scale tests were investigated and contaminant transport mechanism were examined. And also major factors affecting to the EK process were discussed. Enhanced techniques as a method to solve the problems that frequently occurred during traditional EK process were examined. And last, field implemented case and commercially applied case were described.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2010.09a
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• pp.1239-1244
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• 2010

중금속 및 유류 오염토양 정화를 위해 효율적인 토양세척법과 공정 선정을 목적으로 최적의 오염정화 설계인자를 제시하기 위한 실험적 연구를 수행하였다. 실험분석 항목은 구리, 납, 아연을 포함하는 중금속항목과 총석유계탄화수소(TPH)인 유류항목에 대해 흡광광도법(absorptiometric analysis), 기체 크로마토그래피(gas chromatography)법을 이용하여 단계별로 분석하였다. 실험방법은 최적 세척용매 결정시험, 최적 세척시간 도출시험, 최적 진탕비(S/W ratio) 결정시험 등을 통해 얻어진 결과를 토대로 계면활성제 첨가량별 중금속 용출영향 분석시험 순으로 실시하였다. 실험결과 세척용매인 염산 0.1mole, 체류시간 1시간, 진탕비 1:3 조건에서 오염물질의 저감효과가 우수하게 나타났으며, 이들 조건을 적용하였을 때 1%의 계면활성제를 세척용매에 첨가하였을 경우 추가적인 오염물질의 농도 저감효과가 있는 것으로 분석되었다.