• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.47
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• pp.5-22
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• 2009

This study analysed the complicated introduction process of IPTV in Korea, based on the rent seeking theory which is one of an useful economic theory for explaining the dynamic interaction between government and entrepreneurs. Rent seeking theory describes the possibility of lobbying for economic regulations or regulatory capture which refers to collusion between firms and the government agencies assigned to regulate them. The introduction of IPTV(Internet Protocol TV) in Korea was the most controversial policy issue since the beginning of new media business of cable TV in 1995. In addition to the ordinary conflict between the old and new entrepreneurs, IPTV caused the bureaucratic conflicts between the Ministry of Information and Communication and the Korean Broadcasting Commission (Two regulation agencies were merged into KCC(Korean Communications Commission) in 2008). Through the process all related policy players, including the government, pursued their own rent, and it caused vicious circle of continuous rent seeking and mutual distrust among players. Finally, all-directional lobby of pre-IPTV companies brought about the successful entrance to IPTV market and the enactment of IPTV special law which includes deregulation compared to the existing Broadcast Act. Considering the convergence trend of media related laws it means going against the times. Until now, the conflict phenomena occurring in broadcast industry were mostly explained based on the sociological conflict theory. However, the result of this study shows the usefulness and necessity of rent seeking theory because it gives an economic explanation of conflict behavior.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.151-170
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• 2019

This study deals with the rent-seeking behavior that exist in cultural voucher from the viewpoint of culture and arts management. Art organizations open to consumers, producers and governments of the arts are dependent on the internal and external influence of an open system. Researcher has found rent-seeking in the course of introducing policies and legalization of the cultural voucher business which has been promoted in the direction of democratization of culture or cultural democracy. Cultural voucher business is a legal term. Although the government has increased the budget or tried to change the policies of the cultural voucher business, the implementation of the cultural voucher business has been opposed to the diversity of consumption and equity as the consumption of genre and the concentration of the capital region have increased. These results were structurally related to the process of legalization and rent-seeking behavior in bureaucracy. This study reaffirms that the efficient operation standard of the cultural voucher business is a balance between the choice of the beneficiary, the competition of the supplier, and access to the cultural voucher. And the theory of rent-seeking was applied as a criterion to analyze this balance. Thus, it is suggested that the criteria of evaluation and improvement to check the conservativeness of bureaucrats are needed to establish a legal system applied to the purpose of 'cultural democracy' and 'democratization of culture' ideology and to guarantee individual creativity and autonomy.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.177-197
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• 2023

The rent seeking behavior of monopolistic online platform enterprises against digital contents suppliers is similar to the importing countries transfers the monopoly profit acquired by exporting companies in the imperfectly competitive market through optimal tariffs. If such an optimal tariffs imposing mechanism of importing countries, according to so-called strategic trade policy theories, is applied to the rent-seeking behavior of online platform companies, important insights can be obtained in discussions on regulatory reform. In other words, if an online platform enterprises impose a differentiated fee on each contents-suppliers in a monopolistically competitive markets that pursues contents differentiation through R&D investment, it would reduce the innovation investment by contents suppliers. Nevertheless, profit-maximizing online platform enterprises would not voluntarily give up the discriminatory fee system. Therefore, we would like to propose the introduction of a regulation that can force the introduction of an non-discriminatory fee system for all the contents suppliers.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.199-225
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• 2007

This study deals with the regulatory policy of government on the convergence of broadcasting and telecommunication by applying rent seeking theory to Internet Protocal TV (IPTV). Existing literature has mainly focused on the negative implications of rent seeking since Tullock [1967], Krueger [1974] and Buchanan [1980]. We have investigated the regulatory policy along with the progress of the convergence of broadcasting and telecommunication. Regulatory policy on broadcasting, despite its impartial intent. has created the entry barrier in the industry, resulting in high rents. Meanwhile, regulatory policy in telecommunication is more geared by the encouragement of more competitive environments, resulting in reasonably low rents in the market. Regulatory policy in the age of convergence needs to improve the efficacy of the industry and welfare, while maintaining the rent at a reasonably low level. This research has contributed to emphasizing the positive aspect of rent seeking in policy concerned with the convergence of broadcasting and telecommunication, notably IPTV.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.291-305
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• 1995

본 논문은 지역간의 경쟁을 통한 환경재의 획득과정에 대해서 분석하였으며, 특히 경쟁의 과정에서 자발적 참여집단 (critical mass)의 존재가 경쟁의 결과에 미치는 영향에 초점을 맞추고 있다. 환경재에 대한 지역간의 경쟁(지대추구경쟁)은 Katz-Nitzan-Rosenberg(1990) 모형을 기초로하여 분석하였으며 지역집단간의 경쟁에 있어서, 구성원은 비협조적 쿠르노-내쉬(Cournot-Nash) 방식에 의해서, 그 자신의 이익(지대)을 획득하기 위한 경쟁을 벌이는 것으로 가정하였다. 어떤 지역집단이 환경재 획득경쟁에서 이길 확률은 궁극적으로 그 지역에 유치될 환경재의 크기(화폐가치로 환산한)에서 받는 영향의 정도 ${\alpha}$( 단. $0{\leq}{\alpha}{\leq}1$)의 상대적 크기에 비례하여 결정된다. 그러나 환경재획득경쟁에서 발생하는 고정비용 M의 규모가 커지면, 그것이 특정지역의 자발적 참여집단의 최소규모 상향조정을 요구하게 되어, 자발적 참여집단의 수가 경쟁에 결정적 영향을 미칠 가능성이 많게 된다. 특히 환경재로부터 받는 영향의 정도인 ${\alpha}$의 값이 작은 집단은 큰 집단에 비하여 항상 더 많은 자발적 참여집단의 구성원 수를 요구받게 되며, 고정비용 M의 값이 계속 커짐에 따라 이러한 최소한의 자발적 참여집단의 구성원수의 증가속도도 경쟁집단에 비하여 점점 더 커지게 된다.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.249-275
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• 2002

Iksan Export Free Zone which was established for the export promotion, the employment augmentation, the technological improvement and the regional development promotion through the attraction of foreign direct investment is declining function with diminution of foreign direct investment, exportation and employment since the middle of the 1980s. The decline factor of the function was inherent in disregard of the necessary locational factors for Export Free zone's function promotion and without respect to conditions in a choice of location. And the present labor intensive industrial structure of region has some difficulties with a modification of Export Free Zone's industrial structure to a technology intensive industry. According to the lack of coherent policy, a limited plottage and a lack of the extensible space decrease the effect of agglomeration and economic of scale. And the lack of governmental policy to create a dynamic advantage comparative with an amelioration of the locational conditions of region diminish the regional attractive force to foreign direct investment.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.163-209
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• 2011

This study empirically analyzes whether political rent-seeking behavior exits in Korea. The empirical analysis shows that there is a cyclical decline in aggregate revenue immediately following the election year. However, when using other aggregate fiscal variables including aggregate revenue, fiscal balance, tax and public burden ratio, no such cyclical deterioration are found. By sector, the expenditures of the economic affairs show a cyclical increase in the year right after the election. In addition, as the ratio of ruling party senators to total senators is high, the expenditures of the economic affairs tend to increase more and this tendency becomes more stronger right after the presidential election year. Such a result turns out to be consistent even when the expenditure was analyzed separately from the mandatory and discretionary expenditures by sector. This is a testimony to the existence of political rent-seeking behavior in Korea.

• The Southeast Asian review
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.269-303
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• 2012

이 연구는 1960년부터 2009년까지의 시계열횡단연구(cross-sectional time series) 자료를 이용하여 동남아시아의 각국의 자연자원에 대한 의존도와 정치체제 사이의 상관관계를 밝히고자 하였다. 동남아시아는 중동과 서부사하라 아프리카와 더불어 전 세계에서 가장 자연자원이 풍부한 지역 가운데 하나이나, 관련된 연구는 자료의 부족으로 인해 타 지역에 비해 그다지 축적되어 있지 못한 상태이며, 그나마 단일 사례 혹은 국가에 치중되어 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 기존 자연자원의존도와 정치체제와의 경험적 연구들에서 주장된 인과 관계들이 동남아시아에서도 적용될 수 있는지 살펴보고자 하였다. 분석 결과, 본 연구는 동남아시아에서도 한 국가의 자연자원에 대한 의존도의 증가가 민주주의 발전에 부정적인 영향을 끼친다는 것을 발견할 수 있었다. 구체적으로 본 연구에서 자연자원 의존도로 사용하였던 두 가지 지표인 총 수출 대비 자연자원 수출비율과 국민 총생산 대비 자연자원 수입비율 모두 민주주의 수준을 종속변수로 상정한 각 모델에서 음의 상관계수를 보여주었다. 기존 연구들에서 다루어졌던 주요 이론들인 지대추구(rent-seeking), 지대국가(rentier state), 근대화(modernization)이론을 대표하는 통제변수들을 사용한 대부분의 결과 역시 기존 문헌의 주장을 뒷받침 하고 있다. 그러나 내전 발발과 이슬람을 비롯한 일부 통제변수들의 경우에는 기존 민주화 관련 연구결과와는 상반된 결과를 나타내기도 하였다. 이러한 동남아시아의 지역적 특수성을 보여주는 결과는 후속 연구에 의미있는 시사점을 제시해 줄 것이다.

• Maritime Security
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.149-173
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• 2020

While the United States and other Western states are in trouble with COVID-19 crisis, China is continuing its aggressive ocean expansion with its Gray-zone strategy. The Gray-zone strategy, which China uses around the South China Sea, refers to a strategy that promotes a change in international politics by creating an unclear state, neither war or peace. China, which is trying to expand its influence across East Asia, will also try to project a Gray zone strategy on the Korean Peninsula. The possible scenarios are as follows: 1) South Korea is accidentally involved in a dispute in the South China Sea, 2) Military conflicts between South Korea and China is caused by illegal fishing of Chinese boats in Yellow Sea, 3) China tries to interfere with Socotra Rock, 4) Unlikely, but possible in the future that China induce the military conflicts between Korea and Japan on the Dokdo issue. In order to cope with these scenarios, Korea should prepare the following measures from a long-term perspective: the creation of an Asian maritime safety fleet, the integ rated operation of the navy and the coast guard in the framework of the national fleet, and strengthening the conflict control system for China's provocations.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.20-28
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• 2002

나노기술은 단순히 작은 물질의 세계에 대한 과학적 발전만을 의미하는 것은 아니고, 21세기의 신산업 혁명이라 불리 울 만큼 사회, 경제 전반에 지대한 변화를 가져오는 시대의 커다란 흐름으로 이해하고자 한다 본 논문은 나노기술을 보는 세계인의 시각 속에서 우리 나름대로의 나노기술에 대한 정의를 내려보고 아름답고 건강한 삶을 추구하는 인류에게 특히 생활용품, 화장품, 의약품 분야에서 나노기술로 인해 얼마나 많은 변화가 올 것인가를 예측해 보는 것에 초점을 맞추었다.