• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.236-241
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• 2016

This study conducted a screening-level ecological risk assessment for heavy metals in dredged sediment for recycling in terrestrial environment. Toxicological information of six heavy metals (i.e., Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, Cr, and Ni) was collected from ECOTOX of US Environmental Protection Agency, and screened and qualified for the use in the screening-level ecological risk assessment. According to the number of terrestrial ecological receptors for which toxicological information is available, PNEC (Predicted No Effect Concentration) of each heavy metal was derived using either stochastic approach (for Cu, Zn, and Cd), or deterministic approach (for Pb, Cr, and Ni). Hazard quotients of the six heavy metals were derived for a field-collected dredged sediment using the PNEC derived and the PEC (Predicted Environmental Concentration) determined for the dredged sediment. The HQs of Cu, Zn, Cr, Pb and Ni were higher than unity indicating a possibility of ecological risk of the five heavy metals when the dredged sediment is applied in terrestrial environment. Accordingly, remediation processes or a higher-level ecological risk assessment would be needed for the recycling of the material.

• Journal of Korea Soil Environment Society
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.3-12
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• 1997

Phytoremediation, using plants to remediate toxic organic and inorganic pollutants in contaminated soils, is an emerging technology for environmental cleanup. Three strategies of this technology are applicable to the remediation of toxic heavy metals, radionuclides, and toxic organic pollutants: They are (1) phytoextraction, in which plants anumulate the contaminants and are harvested for the downstream processing; (2) phytodegradation, in which plant-released enzymes or plant-associated microorganisms convert toxic pollutants into non-toxic materials; and (3) phytostabilization, in which toxic pollutants are precipitated from solution or absorbed in either the plant tissue or the soil matrix. Phytoremediation is more effective and less expensive than other current treatment technologies.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.463-464
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• 2001

산업사회의 발달에 따른 중금속 오염은 지역적으로 자연환경 중의 그 농도가 날로 증가되고 있어서 생태적으로 중요한 공해문제로 대두되고 있다. 자연환경에 방출되는 여러 가지 중금속은 직접적으로 또는 여러 가지 경로를 거치면서 생물체 내에 흡수된다. 따라서 유해 중금속들이 연안해역에 유입되면, 그 양이 미량일지라도 수서 생물에 축적되어 결국은 먹이연쇄로 이어져 다른 생물들에게 피해를 줄 수 있을 것이다. (중략)

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Environmental Toocicology Conference
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• 2000.12a
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• pp.66-66
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• 2000

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Environmental Toocicology Conference
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• 2000.12a
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• pp.65-65
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• 2000

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Environmental Toocicology Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.87-88
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• 2006

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Environmental Toocicology Conference
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• 1999.05a
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• pp.76-76
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• 1999

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Environmental Toocicology Conference
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• 1996.12a
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• pp.44-44
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• 1996

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.275-282
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• 2008

Water hardness is a significant parameter as related to aquatic toxicity of some heavy metals. Hardness dependent metals include cadmium, copper, chromium (III), nickel, lead, zinc and silver. Developed countries have applied the hardness correction procedure to derive the water quality criteria for protecting the aquatic organisms. In the present study, we investigated the hardness correction algorithms used in United States of America, European Union, Australia/New Zealand, and Canada, and analyzed the details associated with those algorithms. Toxicity values of heavy metals were definitely different after hardness correction for all of algorithms analyzed. We found that the hardness corrected toxicity values followed by the algorithms of USA and Australia/New Zealand were very similar or same, however they were slightly different for cadmium at the hardness less than 30 mg $CaCO_3\;L^{-1}$. Among the hardness correction algorithms studied, the algorithm used in Australia/New Zealand appears to be a good choice to apply in Korean situation due to its simplicity compared to the algorithm of USA.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.66-72
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• 2008

Total metals, soluble metals, and bioavailable metals were monitored at the sediments of urban lakes located in Seoul, Korea during spring season 2006. The metals measured were zinc, arsenic, chromium, copper, nickel, and cadmium, which are known to be toxic to human health and ecosystems. The main sources of heavy metals in the lakes were urban runoff and atmospheric deposition associated with air pollution in urban areas. Extraction by using a weak electrolyte solution (0.1 M $Ca(NO_3)_2$) was used to predict bioavailability of the metals. Among the six heavy metals studied, copper was the most bioavailable, based the weak electrolyte extraction techniques. Since metal toxicity is related to metal bioavailability, the results were consistent with the high ecotoxicity of copper, compared to other heavy metals. Overall results suggest that there was no direct relationship between total and bioavailable metal concentration, although zinc, copper and cadmium show some relationships.