• Proceedings of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.357-358
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• 2011

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.561-577
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• 2015

The heavy metal accumulations of avian eggshells were studied in order to test a feral pigeon (Columba livia)'s eggshell as an indicator for the environmental monitoring of pollutants. The reviews on the eggs of the different 19 avian species showed that it is the eggshell rather than the egg content that can better reflect the heavy metals in the environment; in most cases the CVs (coefficients of variations) of the heavy metal concentrations in the eggshells were higher than those in the egg contents. This can indicate that the heavy metal accumulations are homeostatically controlled in the egg contents, but the accumulations in the eggshells are varied according to the environmental conditions. To test the reviews, the feral pigeon eggs from the two different sites, one representing urban and the other rural environment, were analyzed for lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd). The result showed that the eggshells of the urban pigeons (Hangang) had the higher metal concentrations than those of the rural pigeons (Hampyeong). The same difference can also be found in the internal organs (liver, bone) and blood. However, the analyses of the egg contents between the two sites did not reveal the differences. In other words, the result suggests that the feral pigeons, like the other avian species, are able to control the heavy metals into the egg contents homeostatically. Therefore, it is more useful to use the feral pigeon eggshell rather than the egg content in case of monitoring heavy metals in different habitats.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.265-265
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• 2010

일반적으로 중금속이나 질산성 질소와 같은 이온성 물질들은 사람의 건강이나 생태계에 좋지 않은 영향을 미칠 수 있다. 이들 오염물질들은 그 종류에 따라 건강에 피해를 주는 정도에 차이가 있지만 안전한 생태환경을 유지하기 위해서는 이들 물질들을 효과적으로 처리할 수 있는 필터가 필요하다. 전극 필터에 최대한 많은 이온들을 흡착시키기 위해서는 전극의 비표면적을 높이는 것이 매우 중요하다. Metal Fiber Filter의 제작과 제작된 Filter의 전기적 특성과 비표면적 향상, 고정성 및 통전성, 축전용량과 전기흡착 및 탈착 경향을 관찰하기 위해 3전극 시스템을 이용하여 Cyclic Voltammetry(CV)와 Chrono-amperometry(CA)를 측정하고 표면의 기공 구조를 관찰하기 위해 주사전자현미경 (SEM;Scanning Electron Microscope)을 이용하여 전극에 생성된 미세 기공의 크기 및 크기 분포를 측정한다. 또한 제작된 Filter 전극을 이용하여 전기장 하에서 수질 속에 있는 질산성이온의 선택적 제거 효율을 측정하여 보고, 측정된 데이터 값을 통해 Metal Fiber Filter의 전기적 특성과 중금속이나 질산성 이온 물질들을 선택적으로 제거할 수 있는 Filter 전극 설계 근거를 제시하고자 한다.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.13-23
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• 2017

Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate a relationship between the blood concentrations of toxic metals and the blood pressure in people living near the copper smelter. Methods: The study included 570 adults living within 4km of the smelter. We compared systolic and diastolic blood pressure between tertiary groups for blood cadmium, mercury and lead levels, respectively. Multiple regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors affecting systolic and diastolic blood pressures. Results: In male subjects, there is a significant difference in the mean of systolic and diastolic blood pressure between tertiary groups of blood cadmium and mercury levels, but in women, there was no significant difference in the mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures in all tertiary groups of heavy metals. The results of multiple regression analysis showed that age, BMI, and cadmium concentration in men were risk factors for blood pressure. In women, age and BMI, drinking and smoking, and blood mercury were significantly influenced to blood pressure. Conclusions: Residents living near the Janghang smelter showed high concentrations of blood lead and cadmium, suggesting that they were exposed to high concentrations of heavy metals released from the smelter in the past. Such exposure may have caused some blood pressure increase. Especially, the concentration of cadmium in the case of men and the concentration of mercury in blood in the case of women were found to be significantly related to the increase of blood pressure. The local population should be advised to make efforts to reduce exposure to environmental contaminants, in order to minimize cardiovascular disease, and to pay close attention to any health problems possibly related to toxic metal exposure.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2006

To designate rural landscape spatially, land use and topographic features for 383 of "Ri"s or "Dong", which is a basic administrative unit in Korea, were analyzed using GIS application. We have categorized rural landscape into three types such as agricultural, natural and urban landscape by land use. On the basis of spatial landscape pattern, rural area could be classified into 6 groups of Mountainous area (MA), Mountainous village area (MV), Developing mountainous village area (DM), Plain agricultural area (PA), Developing plain village area (DP) and Urbanized area (UA) according to the ratios of land for agricultural and urban use as the criteria. In MA, the ratio of upland area including orchard was slightly larger than that of paddy, while that of paddy was about 1.5 times larger than upland in other groups. Forested area was distributed more than two-thirds among natural landscape area in MA, MV and DM. In plain types (PA and DP), the ratio of irrigated paddy was extremely larger than partially irrigated paddy and the ratio of water body area among the natural landscape area was two times as large as that of forested area. The ratio of land for industrial and livestock facilities among urban landscape area were 20% or more in MV, DM and DP, and it means that these facilities are mainly distributed in the developing ru ral area where residents and industry are closely related each other. According to the relative ratio of sloped land of 6 categorized areas, the MA area have lots of land with E and F slopes and MV and DM have all grades of sloped land evenly distributed in relative to other types of rural landscape. It has been showed that PA, DP and UA occupied more than two-thirds of land with A or B slope. In case of the analysis of topological distribution in 6 types of rural landscape, there were overwhelmingly lager highland areas in MA. Conclusively, we have confirmed that 6 types of rural landscape classified by land use pattern in 3 categorized areas such as agricultural, natural and urban landscape area would be useful for the management of rural area. For development of sustainable agriculture and the preservation of rural amenity, proper management ways should be properly applied according to rural landscape patterns.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• v.11
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• pp.111-120
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• 1993

We investigated in the existential forms of heavy metals and their distribution in plant and soil surrounding ruined mine in Daduk area. The content of heavy metals in soils was more plentiful in A soil than that in another soil, excepting only Mn. The content of Mn in soils was greater in B soil than those in another soils. The content of each heavy metals, according to existential form, had different patterns on the comparision of each elements ; organic-form on Cd and As, Carbonate-form Cu, Pb and Mn and Residual-form on Fe and Zn. The popularity ration of M. senensis and J. decipiens were about 65% and 72%, respectively, and which means that these plants had resistances to heavy metals. The contents of heavy metals absorbed in root was higher than those of stem except Mn, In M. sinensis, the contents of Zn in root was similar to that of stem. To study the heavy metal contents in water, the highest content of heavy metal, mainly Fe, Mn and Zn, were calculated in extracting water.

• Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Korea
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.29-38
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• 2015

Cyanide can be leached out from the cyanidation method which has been used to extract high-purity gold and silver from ores, and it becomes a variety of cyanide complexes associated with heavy metals contained in ores. Such cyanide complexes are considered as persistent and non-degradable pollutants which cause adverse effects on humans and surrounding environments. Based on binding force between heavy metals and cyanide, cyanide complexes can be categorized weak acid dissociable (WAD) and strong acid dissociable (SAD). This study comparatively evaluated the performance of photo-catalytic process with regard to forms of cyanide complexes. In particular, both effects of UV LED wavelength and surface modification of photo-catalyst on the removal efficiency of cyanide complexes were investigated in detail. The results indicate that the performance of photo-catalytic oxidation is significantly affected by the form of cyanide complexes. In addition, the effect of UV LED wavelength on the removal efficiency was quite different between free cyanide and cyanide complexes associated with heavy metals. The results support that the surface modification of photo-catalyst, such as doping can improve overall performance of photo-catalytic oxidation of cyanide complexes.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.441-448
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• 2016

Heavy metal removal study is conducted from synthetic waste water by reduction and oxidation(redox) reaction of Cu-Zn metal alloy and adsorption reaction of aluminium silicate. Heavy metal whose ionization tendency is smaller than zinc are reducted in an aqueous solution, and the concentration of ionized zinc is reduced by adsorption reaction. The average diameter of metal alloy micro fiber is about $200{\mu}m$, and the surface area is wide enough to get equilibrium in a single cycle treatment. A single cycle treatment of redox reaction of Cu-Zn metal alloy, could remove 100.0 % of Cr(III), 98.0 % of Hg, 92.0 % of Sn and 91.4 % of Cu respectively. An ionization tendency of chromium is very close to zinc, but removal efficiency of chromium by redox reaction is significant. This result shows that trivalent chromium ion is expected to generate hydroxide precipitation with $OH^-$ ion generated by redox reaction. Zinc ion generated by redox reaction is readily removed by adsorption reaction of aluminium silicate in a single cycle treatment. Other heavy metal components which are not perfectly removed by redox reaction also showed very high removal efficiency of 98.0 % or more by adsorption reaction. Aluminium ion is not increased by adsorption reaction of aluminium silicate. That means heavy metal ion removal mechanism by adsorption reaction is turned out to be not an ion exchange reaction, but an adsorption reaction.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.98-104
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• 2008

This research was performed to evaluate the extraction characteristics of heavy metals for soil washing of mine tailings-contaminated soil according to particle size distribution and the chemical distributional existence of the metals. As the soil particle size was decreased, the extracted concentrations of heavy metals was increased except Fe and Mn. Most of all heavy metals were extracted within 6 h by soil washing with 0.05 M EDTA. Extraction efficiency of metals was decreased for Pb, Cu, and Zn with decreasing of particle size. Significant difference was not observed in extraction efficiency for Cd according to particle size distribution. Extraction efficiency for Cd was the highest as 86~91%, while the lowest as 5~14% for Fe. Most metals of the soil without soil washing was distributed as reducible, oxidizable, and residual fractions. Pb, Zn, and Cd existed as reducible (Fe/Mn oxide) and residual fractions and Cu existed as oxidizable and residual fractions after soil washing treatment with 0.05 M EDTA. As the soil particle size was decreased, residual fraction was increased for Pb and Cu. About 90% of reducible fraction in Pb, Zn, and Cd was removed by soil washing with 0.05 M EDTA. As the results, it was founded that soil particle size was the important parameter to effect on distributional fraction and extraction efficiency of metals in mine tailings-contaminated soil.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.252-271
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• 2020

In this study, we investigated physical and chemical properties such as grain size, heavy metal pollution, magnetic properties, and their environmental impacts of road dusts (RD) collected from 14 sampling points in Daebul industrial Complex. Heavy metal concentrations in RD were in the order of Fe>Zn>Cu>Pb>Cr>Ni>As>Cd>Hg, and this pollution pattern was related to major industries and traffic activities in this area. The results of the correlation analysis between heavy metal elements and particle size in RD showed that Fe and all of analyzed heavy metals had a significant correlation with each other and metal concentrations had a significantly negative correlation (p<0.05). However, due to the input of large metal particles some heavy metal concentrations in the particle fraction of >1000 ㎛ were highest. Pollution load per unit area of this fraction was the highest among the grain size fractions. Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb levels in RD decreased and the levels of Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb were reduced to 85 (As) -22 (Ni)% of the whole after removal of MFs fraction from RD. The mean heavy metal levels in the study area did not exceed the soil contamination guide value of Korea, indicating that heavy metal levels in RD were not a concern. However, at some sampling points, Zn concentrations were exceeded the soil contamination guide value for the 3rd areas of Korea and this result indicated that further studies of the impact of RD on the surrounding environment through re-suspension or non-point pollution, and of effective management methods are required.