• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.23-80
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• 2018

Since the 1960s, the United States' (U.S.) deinstitutionalization policy has reinstated people with mental illness into communities. Unfortunately, when untreated, some people with psychiatric disorders become homeless, and some commit serious crimes during a psychological crisis. Assisted Outpatient Treatment (AOT), also known as Kendra's Law in New York and Laura's Law in California, provides treatment, services and support to people with mental illness in the community. AOT has repeatedly been found effective and is recognized as an evidence-based practice. The response to the mental health crisis (crisis intervention) in the U.S. has also been successful in preventing worsening mental illness and related criminality and other issues. This paper provides an opportunity to create a platform from which to learn how to successfully apply the AOT and crisis intervention of the U.S. to South Korea within the cultural and societal context when establishing social services for people with mental illness in South Korea's communities.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.43-51
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• 2013

Recently, engineering problems such as long-term settlement, differential settlement, and the resultant structural damage, have been frequently reported at construction sites. Use of Sand Compaction Piles(SCP) and Granular Compaction Piles(GCP) are good at remedying existing problems, improving bearing capacity and promoting consolidation. However, such compaction piles have the potential for clogging, which would limit their usability. Investigations into the potential for clogging in SCP, GCP, and GCP mixed with sand has not been thoroughly conducted and is the objective of this current study. Large scale direct shear tests were performed on sections of SCP, GCP, and sand mixed GCP to evaluate bearing capacity. Discrete Element Method analyses were conducted with PFC3D and Finite Element Analyses were conducted with MIDAS GTS to propose an algorithm to help reduce clogging in the granular compaction piles. Results from the large scale direct shear test and multiple simulations suggest a 70% gravel and 30% sand mixing ratio to be optimal for bearing capacity and reducing clogging.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.351-363
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• 2020

Launch vehicles are subject to airborne acoustic loads during atmospheric flight and these effects become pronounced especially in transonic region. As the vibration due to the acoustic loads can cause malfunction of payloads, it is essential to predict and reduce the acoustic loads. In this study, a complete process has been developed for predicting airborne vibro-acoustic environment inside the payload pairing and subsequent noise reduction procedure employing acoustic blankets and Helmholtz resonators. Acoustic loads were predicted by Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) analysis and a semi-empirical model for pressure fluctuation inside turbulent boundary layer. Coupled vibro-acoustic analysis was performed using VA One SEA's Finite Element Statistical Energy Analysis (FE-SEA) hybrid module and ANSYS APDL. The process has been applied to a hammerhead launch vehicle to evaluate the effect of acoustic load reduction and accordingly to verify the effectiveness of the process. The presently developed process enables to obtain quick analysis result with reasonable accuracy and thus is expected to be useful in the initial design phase of a launch vehicle.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.20
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• pp.249-270
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• 2009

There have been great demands for various private searches and collecting information activities. but in korea it is still banned to supply private investigation service and to use the term 'private investigation'. So establishment of desirable model for private investigation service system is essential factor in strategic approaching for privatization of policing. In most developed countries private investigation service system is generally permitted and various methods to solve the side effects of that are considered. It is necessary to revise more the Security Business Law to introduce private investigation service system so that the dispute on determining how to do and what to do. It looks like that police agrees with the introduction of the private investigation service system because this could be an option when it comes to the job that its members can take after retirement and because this system helpful their own work. Actually Korea government have tried to prepare the law enactment of the private investigation service system since 1999 but have been failed. This study focuses on implementing the suitable system for private investigation service in Korea, which includes the consideration of the logical validity of the introduction by comparing with other foreign private investigation service system. We should make research and effort to cope with such as a partial amendment about the problem and the side effect that can be happened in a beginning stage of system trial.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.52 no.10
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• pp.1147-1152
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• 2009

Purpose:To characterize the pathogens and their antibiotic susceptibilities in more than 24-month-old children with urinary tract infection (UTI) and to study the Escherichia coli antimicrobial susceptibility trend. Methods:We retrospectively reviewed the record of more than 24-month-old children with UTI between January 2003 and December 2008. Positive results for 1 bacterial species with a colony count of ${\geq}10^5CFU/mL$ was considered statistically significant. We analyzed uropathogens and their antibiotic susceptibilities. To investigate E. coli antibiotic susceptibility trend, we compared 2 study periods (group A: 2003-2005 versus group B: 2006-2008) using the chi-square test for trend. Results:In all, 63 bacterial isolates were identified in children with febrile UTI. The most common pathogen was E. coli (77.8%). There was no difference in the resistance patterns of uropathogens during the 2 study periods (P>0.05). Antibiotic susceptibility of the E. coli isolates to aztreonam, cefotetan, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, cefepime, amikacin, and imipenem was >90% to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazol, 49% and to ampicillin and ampicillin/sulbactam, 20-25%. Over the 2 study period, the E. coli susceptibilities to most antibiotics did not change: the susceptibility to cefuroxime increased from 74.1% to 95.5% (P=0.046) and that to ciprofloxacin increased from 59.3% to 86.4% (P=0.039). Conclusion:Empirical treatment with trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, ampicillin, and ampicillin/sulbactam alone appeared to be insufficient in childhood UTI because of the high resistance of E. coli and other gram-negative uropathogens. Antibiotics for empirical therapy should be selected based on the sensitivity and resistance pattern of uropathogens found in a particular region.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.57 no.5
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• pp.439-442
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• 2004

Background : Extubation failure and reintubation increase the morbidity and the mortality rate. Several extubation criteria and risk factors for extubation failure have been recommended. However, some patients present with extubation failure even after a planned extubation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical characteristics of patients with extubation failure after a planned extubation. Methods : Thirty one patients who presented with planned extubation were included. Extubation failure was defined as reintubation within 48 hours after extubation. The clinical, respiratory and hemodynamic parameters between extubation success and failure group were compared. Results : Six patients were included in the failure group. The extubation failure rate was 19.4%. The age, periods of intubation and heart rates were significantly different between the extubation success and failure group. In the success and failure group, the mean age were $60.4{\pm}15.65$ vs. $80.3{\pm}7.17$ year, the intubation periods were $7.12{\pm}2.47$ vs. $13.83{\pm}2.4$ day and the heart rates were $94.32{\pm}5.77$ vs. $110.67{\pm}3.78/min$, respectively. Conclusion : Old age and patients intubated for periods will require a will careful assessment before extubation. Extensive cardiac evaluations before extubation will also be needed.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.253-259
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• 2001

Kikuchi's disease(histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis) is characterized by lymphadenopathy in young patients below 30 years old, and persistent fever, lymphopenia and splenomegaly are concomitantly developed in many cases. So, it has been confused with lymphoma, SLE, and tuberculosis, and has easily led to inappropriate diagnostic procedures and administration of drugs. Many reports have indicated that Kikuchi's disease should be added to the list of causes of FUO in the setting of lymphadenopathy, and recommended early lymph node biopsy to distinguish from lymphoma, SLE, and tuberculosis to avoid unnecessary treatments. We experienced a case of subacute necrotizing lymphadenitis in a 14-year-old boy who presented with persistent high fever, productive coughing and cervical lymphadenopathy for about 1 month. Initially, diagnostic workup was done to look for the causes of FUO in vain. Finally, we confirmed diagnosis by histopathological findings of lymph node biopsy and detected latent gene of EBV in the biopsied specimen using in situ hybridization.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.29 no.9
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• pp.1228-1232
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• 2000

Objective : This study was undertaken to analysis gamma knife radiosurgery(GKR) effect for trigeminal neuralgia after long term follow-up. Methods : There were 11 trigeminal neuralgia patients. The authors irradiated 67-85 Gy maximally to the nerve root entry zone(NREZ) using single 4mm collimator, just 1-6mm lateral side from the junction of the trigeminal nerve and pons. For the first 3 cases, we targeted the junction between the nerve and the pons. In theses cases, the pons was irradiated 56 or 60 gray in the surface. In the later 8 cases, the isocenter is positioned more distal side so that the brain stem surface would receive less than the 20% isodose. Results : The average follow-up duration was 25 months(13-50 months). Pain relief was noticed within a week to 5 months. In 3 patients, pain was relieved completely and in other 3 patients, mark improvement was achieved(80-90%). Remaining 4 patients showed significant improvement(30-50%). There was recurrence in only one case and she complained with similar intensity of pain at the last follow-up. There was no significant complication related to GKR. Conclusion : GKR is considered effective for trigeminal neuralgia based on the long term follow-up evaluation, but more clinical experience is needed to evaluate the efficacy of GKR for trigeminal neuralgia as a primary treatment modality.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.59 no.6
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• pp.664-669
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• 2005

Objectives : To evaluate the clinical significance of abnormal bronchi originating from the trachea or main bronchi. Methods : 21 patients (male:female ratio, 13:8; mean age, 58.2 years, range 34-77), who were diagnosed with major tracheobronchial anomalies by bronchoscopy from January 2001 to March 2005, were enrolled in this study. The anomalous bronchi consisted of 13 tracheal bronchi and 8 cardiac accessory bronchus. The clinical features, bronchoscopic findings, and outcomes were analyzed retrospectively. Results : Common symptoms, including hemoptysis, cough and dyspnea, resulted from the underlying lung disease regardless of the bronchial anomalies. In this series of 13 tracheal bronchi, 7 cases originated from the trachea within 1cm of the carina (carinal type) and 6 cases originated at a higher level(tracheal type). Most patients had favorable outcome with conservative treatment for the underlying lung disease. Conclusion : Most tracheobronchial anomalies are found incidentally in the process of diagnosing lung disease. The clinical outcome of patients with a bronchial anomaly depends on the underlying lung disease.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.79-86
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• 2007

Selected cognitive ability test and survey of basic & problem characteristics were conducted on 110 hospitalized senile dementia patients to extract important problem features. Twenty important problem features were extracted by the factor analysis. In this study, the precedence of the risk of 20 problem features was determined for care of senile dementia patients. Questionnaire was conducted on 32 clinical psychologists who had experienced the diagnosis and treatment of senile dementia patients. Using AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process), relative risk levels were studied and the precedence of risk was determined by making 20 important problem features in order of the risk. Results of two analyses indicated that during normal daily activities of senile dementia patients the cognitive problem such as memory impairment, judgement disorder and disorientation is the most dangerous risk factor.