• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.1479-1485
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• 2012

The parking management system can increase driver's convenience with detailed parking information service in the parking lot. At the same time, parking management system consumes non-negligible electrical energy with large amount of sensors, displays and control modules. With the increase in the demand for green and sustainable building design all over the world, it becomes a meaningful issue for parking management system to reduce operating power. This paper presents the preliminary design and estimated results of a parking management system which is optimized to reduce the power consumption mainly on detectors and displays. The system design is based on pre-developed wireless parking detectors, Park Tile and Park Disk. The system has a number of parking space detectors, vehicle count detectors, information displays, guidance terminals and other control units. We have performed system architecture design, communication network design, parking information service scenario planning, battery life regulation and at last operating power estimation. The estimated operating power was 0.93KW per parking-slot, which is 20% of traditional systems. The estimated annual maintenance cost was 18% of traditional systems.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2015.07a
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• pp.19-22
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• 2015

주차는 자동차를 이용하는 사람들의 편리한 이동을 위한 기반 행위에 포함되는 요소이다. 따라서 이러한 주차 문제를 해결하는 다양한 서비스가 존재하나, 이러한 서비스를 제공하는 시스템을 개발하기 위해서는 주차공간의 특성을 고려해야 하는 어려움이 있다. 본 연구에서는 카메라 모듈과 딥러닝 알고리즘을 기반으로 하는 이미지 센싱을 활용하여 기존 시스템의 주차 감지 센서부 구축의 문제점을 개선하며, 주차장 수요가 많은 '러쉬 타임'을 반영하여 주차공간을 안내하고 운전자를 유도하는 주차정보시스템을 개발한다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.19-32
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• 2001

A parking facility choice model. which can be applied to analyze of the driver's parking behavioral changes in response to the local government's parking policy changes and to predict parking demand by the facility types, is developed. Under the context of the stated preference discrete choice model, socioeconomic variables and parking alternative characteristic variables are introduced as explanatory variables. A parking facility choice model for the shopping trip purpose is derived using multinomial logit model and nested logit model and the stated preference data collected in Taegu metropolitan area. The result shows that the sign of all the estimated parameters are logically consistent and the model's goodness of fit is reasonably good. As a result of the elasticity analysis of the model, the elasticity of parking cost is highest, and the elasticity of walking distance between parking place and the destination is higher than parking place searching and ingress time. This means that the parking places are supplied around the destination in the form of small-size parking place. The findings in this study is expected to provide a fundamental data for various short-term parking policy analyses and for parking facility's demand estimations.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.667-675
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is as follows: First, to analyze the spatial structure of Jeju by analyzing the rate of parking demand and supply; Second, to determine the parking service imbalance between regions; and third, to elucidate the causes of this spatial structural parking service imbalance and provide effective measures. Due to the rapid population and tourism growth, Jeju is suffering from traffic congestion and serious parking problems. For this, the ways to efficiently utilize the existing parking spaces were identified through spatial structure analysis based on the parking demand and supply in the Jeju area. As short-term policy, the following changes were proposed: switching to small-scale eup or myeon blocks of parking space, use of shared parking system, and repairing side streets in residential areas. As mid-to-long-term policy, it is linked to other means of transportation as follows: parking demand management policy through modal share by reorganizing public transportation routes or expanding traffic facilities; securing park-and-ride lots; and different parking pricing for different time periods. To implement these policies, each area of the public sector, private sector, and private-public partnership should develop the bond of sympathy by areas and participants.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.51 no.7
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• pp.599-607
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• 2006

The experiments were carried out to develop simulation model for estimating the yield of soybean in upland and paddy field condition. Field experiments were done at National Institute of Crop Science in 2005. The evaluated soybean cultivars were Taekwangkong, Daewonkong, and Hwangkeumkong. Soybean seeds were planted by hill seeding with 3-4 seeds and row and hill spacing were $60{\times}10cm$ in upland and $60{\times}15cm$ in paddy field. Seeds were sown on row (without making ridge) and on the top of ridge in upland and paddy field, respectively. Field parameters were measured yield components ($plants/m^{2}$, pod no./plant, and 100-seed weight, seed yield and growth characteristics (stem length, leaf area at each stage, and dry weight of shoot) and after measuring they were compared the relationships with seed yield and yield components and seed yield and growth characteristics. Seed yield of soybean was affected by cultivars and planting density. Seed yield was higher in upland than paddy field due to the higher planting density in upland field. The upland soybeans generally had lower 100-seed weight than that of paddy field. Seed yield of soybean in a paddy field was greatest in Taekwangkong and followed by Daewonkong and Hwangkeumkong. The harvest index of taekwangkong and Hwanggumkong was higher in upland than paddy field, however, it was higher in paddy field than upland in Daewonkong. Seed yield was greatest in Daewonkong in both experimental fields. The greatest stem length was observed in taekwangkong and Hwanggumkong (R6) in late growth stage in paddy field. Dry weight of shoot and pod, pod number, stem length, and stem diameter were higher grown in paddy field than grown in upland. Crop growth rate (CGR) of cultivars was higher in paddy field after 8 WAS(weeks after sowing) and it was greatest at 13 WAS in Daewonkong among the cultivars. In upland field, CGR was greatest in Taekwangkong and then followed by Daewonkong and Hwanggumkong during 12 and 15 WAS. There was no significant relationships between 100-seed weight and seed yield in both experimental fields. A significant positive relationship was observed between seed number and seed yield. The correlation coefficients between leaf area and shoot dry weight were about 0.8 during the whole growth stage except 5 WAS and 4-5 WAS in paddy field and upland, respectively. This experiment was done just one year and drained paddy field condition was not satisfied drained condition successfully at 7th leaf age of soybean by the heavy rain, so we suggest that the excessive soil water reduced seed yield in paddy field and the weather condition should be considered for utilizing of these results.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.24 no.1 s.87
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• pp.59-72
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• 2006

In spite of continuous implementation of the transportation demand management (TDM), the profuse use of car at the peak-time has caused chronic traffic congestion in the Seoul downtown area. This study makes a comparative analysis on the effectiveness of commuting cost subsidy system for public transit user with other policy instruments such as an increment in fuel tax and park cost. This study not only follows standard guidelines of stated preference methodology to guarantee objectivity, but also uses sample enumeration method and non-Parametric bootstrapping method to secure reliability of empirical results. As a result of empirical studies, the conversion effect of car to public transit is superior to other two Policy instruments. Also. an increment in fuel tax and park cost is income-regressive from the equity aspect in a wage bracket, but commuting cost subsidy system for Public transit user is Income-progressive As a fundamental research on commuting cost subsidy system for public transit user, this study is likely to Provide Policy-makers with quantitative information useful in establishing Public transport Policy to Promote the use of the public transit.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.160-167
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• 2019

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of initial ripening condition placed within a kimchi refrigerator and this result will be used as basic data for the development of fermentation system of Kimchi refrigerator. Hardness significantly decreased as the storage period longer. Lactic acid and Lactobacillus spp. showed a large amount until 8 weeks, but one without initial ripening contained much lower. The content of lactic acid bacteria increased from 4.50 logCFU/mL to 6.70 ~ 7.47 logCFU/mL and decreased to 5.08 ~ 6.10 logCFU/mL according to storage period. Consumer preferred $15^{\circ}C/52h$ samples rather than others in two weeks. $15^{\circ}C/36h$ and $6^{\circ}C/113h$ samples were significantly preferred during the whole storage period. These results indicate that the initial fermentation conditions affect the taste and fermentation degree of kimchi during the storage period.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.218-225
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• 2017

Saeu (shrimp) jeotgal (SJ) was prepared by mixing with 25% salt with different types: purified salt (PS), solar salt aged for 1 year (SS), and bamboo salt. SJ was fermented for 22 weeks at $15^{\circ}C$. Bacilli and marine bacteria were detected throughout the entire fermentation period, and marine bacteria were present in the largest numbers. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were detected only during the first 8-10 weeks, but yeasts appeared at the sixth week and later. Archaea were detected in low numbers only from SS-SJ during the first 8 weeks. BS- SJ showed higher pH and lower titratable acidity (TA) values than other SJs because of strong alkalinity of bamboo salt. Amino-type nitrogen (ANN) contents of SJs increased during fermentation, especially, after 2 and 6 weeks. SS-SJ showed the highest ANN content from the beginning to the end of fermentation. Ammonia-type nitrogen (AMN) contents also increased like the amino-type nitrogen during fermentation. The highest volatile basic nitrogen (VBN) was also observed in SS-SJ. Salinity was kept constant after 4 weeks. SS was better than other salts for SJ fermentation in terms of protein hydrolysis.

• 프린팅코리아
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• v.10 no.11
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• pp.114-115
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• 2011

제7회 서울와우북페스티벌이 지난 9월 28일부터 10월 3일까지 6일간 홍익대 주차장거리와 갤러리, 북카페 등에서 개최됐다. 이번 축제의 주제는 '책에, 취하다'로 문화체육관광부(장관 최광식)의 지원으로 약 100여개의 출판사가 축제에 참여했다. 10월 1일에 열린 개막 행사는 국내 최초의 기상캐스터 출신 방송인 이익선 씨의 사회로 김묵원 작가의 동양화 기법을 타 장르와 유기적으로 결합한 드로잉 퍼포먼스와 인디가수 '박솔'의 공연 등이 어우러져 화려한 개막 공연이 펼쳐졌다. 10월 2일에는 한국 캘리그래피의 개척자인 이상현 작가가 어쿠스틱 밴드 송 브리즈와 협연하여 캘리그래피와 음악의 조화를 보여줬다. 그 외 아트워크 집단인 '마스터 브릿지', 싱어송라이터 '양창근' 등이 공연을 펼쳤다. 거리 행사 마지막 날인 10월 3일에는 마포구 지역의 예술가들이 로컬 콘서트를 열어 마포구만의 특색 있는 공언을 선보였다.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.1190-1199
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to analyze the variables affecting the effective stroke in the swing performed through 12 weeks of training for golf beginners, and to provide basic data on the effective stroke factors for the golf beginners to settle on the fairway. Twenty subjects were participate in the study (age: 21.35±1.69 yrs, height: 176.75±7.99 cm, weight: 70.70±9.76 kg). All subjects were subjected to a 12-week golf training, and trackman 4 was used in the 12th week to calculate variables affecting the effective stroke during a golf swing. Trackman data was divided into club-variables and ball-variables, and a binary logistic regression analysis was performed to find out the variables affecting effective strokes. In club-variables, high dynamic loft and low face angles were found in effective stroke, and in ball-variables, fast ball speed, large smash factor, high launch angle, and many spin rates were also found in effective stroke. As a result of the binary logistic regression analysis of club-variables, the probability of an effective stroke increased as the club speed and dynamic loft increased, and the probability of an effective stroke decreased as the face angle increased. The influence of effective stroke in the club-variables was in the order of dynamic loft, face angle, and club speed. In the ball-variable, the probability of an effective stroke increased when the lunch angle increased, and the probability of an effective stroke decreased as the lunch direction increased. As a condition to increase the probability of effective stroke based on the results, it is necessary to increase the club speed through high dynamic loft and low face angle during swing through continuous practice. Through this, the probability of effective stroke through increasing the launch angle and decreasing the launch direction will increase.