• The Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.78-84
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• 1996

In this study, 3-D object recognition and restoration independent of the object translation for automotive kind recognition in parking administration system using an ultrasonic sensor array, neural networks and invariant moments are presented. Using invariant moment vectors of the acquired data 16$\times$8 pixels, 3-D objects could be classified by SCL (Simple Competitive Learning) neural networks. Modified SCL neural networks using the 16$\times$8 low resolution image was used for object restoration of 32$\times$32 high resolution image. Invariant moment vectors kept constant independent of the object translation. The recognition rates for the training and the testing data were 98[%] and 95[%], respectively. The experimental results have shown that ultrasonic sensor array with the neural networks could be applied for the detection of the automobiles and classification of the automotive kind.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.364-371
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• 2016

We developed a prediction model of assistance force for the opening/closing of an automobile door depending on the condition of the parking ground. The candidates of the learning models for the operating assistance force were compared to determine the proper force according to the slope and user's force, etc. The reduced experimental model was developed to obtain learning data for the estimation model. The learning algorithm was composed to predict the assistance force to incorporate real assistance force data. Among these algorithms, an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Support Vector Machine(SVM) were applied and the adaptability was compared between these models. The SVM provided more adaptability for the learning process of the door assistance force prediction. This paper proposes a system for determining the assistance force to control a door motor to compensate for the deviation of required door force in the slope condition, as needed in the plane condition.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.1-12
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• 2008

The issues of developing the value added services for public transport connectivity and transfer with information and communication technologies has been discussed in terms of incorporating system facilities with public transit modes to increase the ridership of public transit. This paper demonstrates a conceptual model for providing the location based public transit transfer information service on demand with respect to system requirements, subsystems, and logical architecture based on the national ITS architecture. The subsystems in this study which include transfer information center, parking concierge, user route guidance and information provision system are also investigated in detail in order for information service and/or contents provider to develop business models on public transit connectivity and transfer. This model is expected to be utilized in providing the variety of service models with the different types of public transit connectivity and transfer systems according to the system scale and the public transit modes.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.315-329
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• 2018

Recently, RC transfer slab systems have been used widely to construct high-rise wall-type apartments for securing parking space or public space. However, it is problem that the design method and structural performance evaluation method developed for thin RC flat slab are still used in the design of the transfer slab whose thickness is very thick and therefore structural behavior is expected to be different from RC flat slab. Thus, for the rational design of the transfer slab, the ultimate shear behavior of the RC transfer slab system is required to be analyzed properly. Accordingly, in the present study, the two-way shear behavior of the transfer slab was analyzed using nonlinear FEM according to various design parameters such as thickness of the transfer slab, strength of concrete, shear span ratio, and reinforcement ratio. In addition, the two-way shear strength evaluations of RC transfer slab by the existing evaluation methods were verified by comparing those with the results of nonlinear FEM analysis.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.117-122
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• 2022

In this paper, we developed a vehicle control terminal using IoT and low-power long-distance communication (NB-IoT) technology. This system collects information on the location and status of a parked vehicle, and transmits the vehicle status to the vehicle owner's terminal in real time with low power to prevent vehicle theft, and in the case of a vehicle in motion, When primary information about the vehicle, such as an impact, is collected and transmitted to the server, the server analyzes the relevant data to generate secondary information on traffic congestion, road damage, and safety accidents. By sending it, you can know the exact arrival time of the vehicle at its destination. This terminal device is an IoT gateway for a vehicle and can be connected to various wired and wireless sensors inside the vehicle. In addition, the data collected from vehicle maintenance, efficient operation, and vehicles can be usefully used in the private or public sector.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.61-71
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• 2009

Vehicle license plate is the only way to check the registrated information of a vehicle. Many works have been devoted to the vision system of recognizing the license plate, which has been widely used to control an illegal parking. However, it is difficult to correctly segment characters on the license plate since an illumination is affected by a weather change and a neighboring obstacles. This paper proposes a robust method of segmenting the character of the license plate on irregular illumination condition. The proposed method enhance the contrast of license plate images using the Chi-Square probability density function. For segmenting characters on the license plate, binary images with the high quality are gained by applying the adaptive threshold. Preprocessing and labeling algorithm are used to eliminate noises existing during the whole segmentation process. Finally, profiling method is applied to segment characters on license plate from binary images.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.11
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• pp.151-157
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• 2017

Recently, the retail industry has created efficient store operations, and has differentiated customer service through the future store. The intelligence of these stores is being applied by using technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), and the business process is being improved through this. The process also focuses on efficient store operations and service developments to provide customers with shopping convenience. The change in trends in the industry means that domestic distribution has already reached maturity. Even in countries where retail industries are mature, such as the U.S. and Europe, recent trends are moving toward maximizing operational efficiency and customer service. The reason is that many retailers have already reached saturation and survived the competition. This paper is a study of a drive-through service for automation and efficiency in receiving service after ordering by a customer of the distribution store. When ordering a product being purchased by a customer, the product picking process is done in a timely fashion through a picking scheduling agent. When the customer enters the store parking lot, a service supports the entry of information and finding a parking place so the customer can quickly pick up the goods. The proposed service can be applied to a retail store drive-through system, the distribution store's delivery system, the digital picking system, and indoor/outdoor large parking management systems, and it is possible to provide one-dimensional customer service through the application of IoT technology.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.57-66
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• 2007

According to the rapid economic growth and the escalation of recreational tourism activities due to the change of job and working patterns, currently various traffic problems often occur in tourist areas. As tourist traffic, contrary to general traffic, is not regional but rather from outside the area of interest, it is hard to grasp the traffic situation surrounding the tourist area. Furthermore, since the traffic is concentrated during a limited tourist season, it is difficult to examine and solve the problem. In this study, in order to test the feasibility of introducing a traffic transfer system to reduce congestion in tourist areas, the authors considered the differences in traffic congestion between typical and tourist seasons and designed a willingness to pay model. The willingness to pay amount for a shuttle bus fare is assumed as 1,430 Won and 1,650 Won is assumed for a transfer parking charge. These amounts were slightly above the current bus fare in the study area, but many people thought that the introduction of a traffic transfer system would help to relieve the traffic congestion approaching the tourist area and to develop tourism resources. As the willingness to pay appeared high from the persons used in this study, it was indirectly confirmed that the introduction of a traffic transfer system would be a step in the right direction.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.12
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• pp.19-26
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• 2013

In this paper, we present a novel illumination system for parking lots constructed underground. We design and implement this system using microwave sensors and dimming control of LED fluorescent lamps so that we can obtain lighting efficiency of the illumination scheme. We construct an effective illumination system in the aspects of performance and cost, resulting in energy-saving and electricity reduction. Recently conventional energy-saving method applied to old underground parking lots mainly relies upon turning off the half of total number of lamps installed in the parking lot. Sometimes there are some lots that have infrared sensor to be used to turn on/off the fluorescent lamps to realize these operations smoothing. The other schemes utilize timer to control lighting time of the fluorescent lamps. These conventional schemes are forcing to turn off a part of lamps installed so that we cannot apply them in a systematic way. Moreover they will be most inefficient when we leave them alone to be continuous consumers. The lighting control system proposed in this paper can recognize objects through microwave sensors and inform the appropriate lighting time, furthermore we can adjust brightness of LED lamps following the surroundings using dimming control scheme so that we can epochally improve the illumination system for underground parking lots. According to our sophisticated test experiments, we can maximally obtain 81.9% of energy-saving effectiveness using the system proposed in this paper.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.83-97
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• 1998

This paper developes an integrated environment CAD system that can design and implement an accurate and cost-effective FLC automatically. For doing this, an integrated development environment (IDE) (called FADIS; FLC Automatic Design and Implementation Station) is built by the seemless coupling of many existing. CAD tools in an attempt to the FADIS performs various functions such that (1) i~utomatically generate the VHDL components appropriate for the proposed FLC architecture from the various design parameters (2) simulate the generated VHDL code on the Synopsys's VHDL Simulator, (3) automatically compiler, (4) generate the optimized, placed, and routed rawbit files from the synthesized modules by Xilinx's XactStep 6.0, (5) translate the rawbit files into the downloadable ex- [:cution reconfigurable FPGA board (VCC's EVCI), and (7) continuously monitor the control status graphically by communicating the FLC with the controlled target via S-bus. The developed FADIS is tested for its validity by carrying out the overall procedures of designing and implementing the FLC required for the truck-backer upper control, the reduction of control execution time due to the controller's FPGA implementation is verified by comparing with other implementations.