• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.85-91
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• 1984

This paper is a study on the determination of plane coordinates by observing only the distance with EDM (Electromagnetic Distance Measuring instrument). The advent of EDM has made a precise measurements of long distance be possible, therefore many studies on trilateration were made. It is the object of this study to investigate the error distribution of trilateration according to the changing distance and the geometric figure.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.12B no.5 s.101
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• pp.527-534
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• 2005

Rotation and scale variations make it difficult to solve the problem of shape description and recognition because these variations change the location of points composing the shape. However, some geometric Invariant points and the relations among them are not changed by these variations. Therefore, if points in image space depicted with the r-y coordinates system can be transformed into a new coordinates system that are invariant to rotation and scale, the problem of shape description and recognition becomes easier. This paper presents a shape description method via transformation from the image space into the invariant feature space having two axes: representing relative distance from a centroid and contour segment curvature(CSC). The relative distance describes how far a point departs from the centroid, and the CSC represents the degree of fluctuation in a contour segment. After transformation, mesh features were used to describe the shape mapped onto the feature space. Experimental results show that the proposed method is robust to rotation and scale variations.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2018.11a
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• pp.174-176
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• 2018

본 논문에서는 직사각형 영상에서의 객체 좌표를 회전축과의 각도로 표현하는 방법을 적용한 자동화된 객체추적 알고리즘을 제안한다. 직사각형 영상을 구형으로 맵핑했을 때 객체의 정확한 좌표를 알아내기 위해 비례식을 사용하였다. 실제 영상이 구형 영상으로 맵핑되었을 때, 화면에 보이는 중앙점을 기반으로 실제 영상의 좌측상단 좌표를 구하였다. 앞서 구한 좌표를 이용하여 실제 영상의 좌측상단에서 객체의 이동 거리를 더하면 구형 영상에서 객체의 실제 좌표를 구할 수 있다. 제안한 방법을 통해서 관심 객체의 움직임을 효과적으로 추적하였다.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.205-214
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• 2001

A simple automated measuring method for planar or linear features on the rock excavation surface is presented. Attitude of the planar and linear feature is calculated from 3D coordinates of points on the structures. Spatial coordinates are calculated from overlapped stereo images. Factors used in the calculation are (1) local coordinates of the left and right images, (2) the focal length of cameras, and (3) the distance between two cameras. A simple image capturing device and an image treatment routine coded by Visual Basic and GIS components are constructed for the remote measurements, The methodology shows less than 1 cm error when a point is measured from 179 cm in distance. The methodology is tested at the excavation site in PaiChai University. Remotely measured result matches well with the manual measurement within the reasonable error range.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.153-160
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• 2010

It is necessary to determine accurate 3-dimensional coordinates of the building corner points that could be control or check points in order to verify the accuracy of 3D digital maps in the near future. The usual process of obtaining the coordinates of the building corner points is to set up the ground control points with a GPS and then to practice terrestrial survey such as distance or angle measurements. However, since an error in the ground control points can be propagated through the terrestrial survey into the final coordinates of the buildings, accurately should be considered as much as possible. The actual effect of the GPS-derived ground control point error on the estimates of the unknowns through the terrestrial survey is mathematically analyzed, and the simulation data is tested numerically. The error of the ground control points is tested in the cases of 1-4 cm for the horizontal components and 2-8 cm for the vertical component. The vertical component error is assigned twice the horizontal ones because of the characteristics of the GPS survey. The distance measurement is assumed for convenience and the precision of the estimated coordinates of the building corner points is almost linearly increased according to the errors of the ground control points. In addition, the final estimates themselves can vary by the simulated random errors depending on the precision of the survey instrument, but the precision of the estimates is almost independent of survey accuracy.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.3-13
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• 2008

The coordinate of cadastral control points located over the area of different surveying origins is computed in a single surveying origin by trilateration adjustment of GPS baseline measurements. In every different surveying origins, well-matched control points are selected and mutually coinciding coordinates are computed by free network adjustment. Then, the coordinate of the other control points over the area is computed by joining these points to the adjusted points. In practice, by using 18 points of Gari, 17 points of Gyeyang, and 33 points of Central origin in Incheon, the coordinates of total 68 points in every surveying origin are computed. Between the points of different surveying origins, it is found that there are quantitative differences in azimuth and scale factors and the approximate point coordinate of other surveying origins is calculated by correcting the scale and azimuth.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.449-450
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• 2015

본 논문에서는 실내 소음 측정하고 가시화하여 이 소음이 어느 곳에서 나오는 소음인지 와 심할 경우 유지보수를 할 수 있는 시스템을 제안하였다. 이 논문에서 설명할 내용을 요악하면 기존의 등록되어 있는 지도를 불러와 소음을 측정한다. 소음 측정은 스마트 폰의 마이크를 이용하여 측정한다. 기존에도 스마트폰으로 측정할 수 있는 소음 측정 어플이 있지만 소음을 측정 후 사용자에게 소음을 시각화로 보여주는 것은 없다. 그래서 실내에 비콘을 설치하여 지도내에 위치를 표시하게끔 한다. 실내에서는 좌표가 잘 잡히지 않기 때문에 gps를 사용하는 것보다 비콘을 이용하여 삼각측량법으로 좌표를 잡는다. 비콘은 공간좌표를 DataBase에 저장한다. 저장된 공간좌표를 어플 내에 등록된 지도에 표시해주고 스마트폰을 통한 어플로 측정한 소음을 지도에 찍힌 공간 좌표에 점으로 연결하여 선형보관볍을 이용하여 소리를 맵핑화 시켜 사용자가 눈으로 직접 어느 곳이 소음이 심한지 확인할 수 있다. 추후 개선할 사항으로 지도를 미리 등록하지 않고 측정을 시작하는 동시에 움직이는 거리에 따라 지도가 그려지면서 측정하는 방식을 계획중이다.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.191-199
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• 1993

Investigation is given to the detailed procedure of a computer assisted automatic technique for ortho-image generation from digital stereo image data of close-range photographs scanned by the CCD camera scanner. After rectification of geometric scanning errors, the bundle adjustment technique was used to determine the exterior orientation parameters of terrestrial camera. An automatic correlation matching technique was applied to search for the conjugate pixels in digital stereo pairs. And the 3-dimensional coordinates of the corresponding pixels were calculated by the space intersection method. For the generation of ortho-image from the calculated coordinates and right image data values, inverse-weighted-distance average method was used. And the accuracy of the resulting ortho-image was checked by comparing its image coordinates with there corresponding ground coordinates for the check points.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.481-493
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• 2011

As the development of mobile devices, mobile phones are equipped with many features. Video-call feature is one of them. In this paper, we present distance measurement between speaker and smart-phone using multiple color spaces and multiple thresholds. first, detect face based on skin color information. and second, measure distance between speaker and smart-phone using the detected face region. Especially, the first considering point in the development of face area detection is real-time processing and the second point is robustness to solve the problems of face detection errors due to rapid change of object movement, lighting and background between adjacent frames.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.598-601
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• 2010

개인용 단말기 디스플레이 상의 광고물 객체의 기준점 설정하여 좌표 값, 색상 값을 받은 후 그 정보를 기반으로 광고물의 경계선을 추출한다. 경계선에서 추출된 4 모서리의 좌표와 거리 측정기를 통하여 측정한 거리 값을 통해 여러 위치에서도 광고물의 면적을 측정하는 시스템을 구현한다.