• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.18-25
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• 2002

These experiments were conducted to evaluate the variability of seed germination, and seedling growth of PEG priming barley. The average germination percentage(AGP) of PEG priming seed was higher than control, but those were low with extend the treatment period. The AGP of washing seed after PEG priming was higher than unwashed seed, and that of redried seed after priming was lower than control. The germination time of priming seed was short compare to control seed, and that was prolonged with extend the priming period, and that of washing seed after priming was shortening, and that of redried seed after priming was prolonging. The emergence percentage(EP) of priming seed was higher than control, and the emergence time was shortest in 50％ field moisture capacity soil. The seedling and root length of priming seed was shorter than control.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.109 no.1
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• pp.41-49
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• 2020

In this study, the effect of seed pre-treatments and pellet coating materials to enhance the efficiency of large-scale propagation of Aster koraiensis seeds were investigated. Seeds were immersed in water for one day, and only those that sank were used for pre-treatment to use filled seeds. Pre-treatments were divided into hormone treatments, with gibberellic acid (GA₃; 200 and 500 ppm) and 24-epibrassinolide (10^-6, 10^-7, and 10^-8M), and priming with potassium nitrate (100 mM of KNO₃). To produce pellet-coated seeds, pellet materials (DTCS or DTK) were applied to control (unprimed) and primed seeds with binders (PVA or CMC). The maximum germination percent (GP) of seeds before pellet coating was 65% (with the priming treatment), and there was no difference in the GP of seeds among hormone treatments. For seeds sown in a growth chamber on filter paper, GP was 41% for control (unprimed/uncoated) seeds, 65% for uncoated primed seeds, 71% for DTCS/PVA-pellet-coated seeds, and 42% for DTK/CMC-pellet-coated seeds. Seeds that were primed first and then pellet-coated showed greatly improved GP, mean germination time (MGT), and germination rate than seeds that were only pellet-coated. For seeds sown in commercial soil in a greenhouse, control seeds had a GP of 27%, whereas primed seeds had the highest GP (58%), and their MGT and GT were 9.4 days and 7.0%·day, respectively. In addition, DTK/PVA-pellet-coated seeds (40%) also had a GP higher than the control (27%), and their MGT was 15-27 days. For seeds sown in sandy-loam soil in a greenhouse, unprimed-pellet-coated seeds and primed-pellet-coated seeds both had GPs ranged of 39%, which were lower than that of control seeds. In general, the seeds that were pellet-coated with DTK had a higher GP than those pellet-coated with DTCS. Furthermore, the MGT of unprimed-pellet-coated seeds was 15.0-19.8 days, which was longer than the MGT of primed-pellet-coated seeds. These results suggest that priming enhances seedling emergence of Aster koraiensis seeds. Moreover, when priming is combined with pellet coating, DTK is a more suitable pellet material than DTCS, and PVA and CMC are equally suitable adhesives.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.9-14
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• 2003

Seed germinability might be highly related to seedling establishment. The experiments were carried out to evaluate the effect of presowing treatments of aging, priming, $GA_3$ , prechilling and water imbibition, different temperatures and light quality during germination on germination of gourd (Lagenaria siceraria Standl.) seeds. Aging treatment with different temperatures and periods was done by the accelerated aging method. Priming using KNO$_3$ and $GA_3$ treatment for 24 hours were done at 100 mM and at 0.01 mM before a week prechilling. The germination tests using a week prechilled seeds were done at 10, 20 and $30^{\circ}C$ on the condition of darkness, and also with blue, red, far-red light and darkness as light quality treatments. FR-yongjadaemok and FR-kunghap were used as test cultivars and their daily germination rates were measured at treatment levels. Germination rates were reduced in the seeds aged at $45^{\circ}C$ for 6 days. Prechilling showed the highest and fastest rate among the four presowing treatments but the two other presowing treatments had similar or less rates than water imbibition. Prechilling done before sowing enhanced the low vigor seeds, and accelerated the germination of cv. FR-kunghap at 20 to $30^{\circ}C$ and with blue, red light or darkness during germination although far-red light inhibited their germination.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.59-63
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• 1988

Freshly harvested and depulped Korean ginseng seeds were subjected to the seed treatment of removing endocarp plus surface sterilization with sodium hypocloride, surface sterilization only, and nontreated control. These seeds were stratified at temperatures of 5$^{\circ}$, 10$^{\circ}$, 15$^{\circ}$ and 20$^{\circ}C$ for 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 days. Embryo growth of the ginseng seeds of which endocarp was removed was most rapid in each stratification temperature and that of sterilized seeds was slower than unsterilized seeds after 80 days stratification at 15$^{\circ}$ and 20$^{\circ}C$. About 15$^{\circ}C$ was an optimal stratification temperature for embry growth in ginseng seeds. Chilling treatment at 5$^{\circ}C$ for 100 days was needed for better germination of dehisced ginseng seeds. An optimal germination temperature for the ginseng seed following chilling treatment was about 15$^{\circ}C$.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.22 no.4 s.57
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• pp.307-313
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• 1983

Twenty-five species of fungi were deleted and identified from 27 kinds of the intercepted seeds from 5 countries. Eight species of fungi including Fusariun moniliforme were detected from the imported calabash seed (Lagenaria siceraria). These seeds were the most contaminated among the intercepted reeds tested. Six kinds of seeds including larch(Larix kaemferi) were disinfected with Vitathiram, Benlate-T and Captan. Rhynchosporium was detected from seeds treated with Vitathiram whereas Alternaria spp. were detected from seeds treated with Benlate T or Captan. Six genera of fungi were detected from the untreated seeds. In the case of germination, it seem that seed disinfectants do not have any damage on germination of seed.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.175-181
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• 2001

Dormancy of intact zoysiagrass seeds hinders its seed propagation in which presowing seed treatment must be done to overcome it. The study was done to remodel the presowing treatments of zoysiagrass seeds by determining the treatment effects of seedcoat softening, prechilling, drying and combined light treatment with them or during germination stage. Seedcoat softening with different chemicals (NaOH 20%, KOH 20%, $H_2SO_4\;8M, acetone 20%) and periods (10, 30, 60 min.), prechilling with different periods at 3$^{\circ}C$, and drying with 4 hours at 35$^{\circ}C$ was done. Light sources were also applied with 660 nm red LED light, commercial fluorescent and incandescent light and darkness. Germination test was done in alternative day and night temperature of 35 and 2$0^{\circ}C$ to check the daily germination rates. With seeds treated with NaOH 20% for 30 minutes, red and incandescent light showing similar responses inclined their germination rates compared to dark conditions. Drying resulted in its higher rate than non-drying but fluorescent light treatment forced during drying more enhanced the rate than red light. While mean germination rate considering all the seedcoat softening treatment periods was the greatest in $H_2SO_4$ in comparison with NaOH, KOH and acetone, NaOH treatment for 30 minutes showed the best rate among the all the treatment levels. In the conditions of sowing them to no-mulching field, presowing treatment procedure of zoysiagrass seeds was remodeled: the seedcoat softening treatment with NaOH 20% for 30 minutes was done, washed, and chilled at 3$^{\circ}C$ for 2 weeks before dried under 4 hour fluorescent light illumination at 35$^{\circ}C$.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.169-172
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• 2003

Intact seeds of burcucumber (Sicyos angulatus L.) are not nearly germinated so that the farmers remove their arils before sowing. The study was carried out to measure the effort of aging, chilling, washing, chemical treatment, drying, and their sequential treatments on the germination of ones with arils and the seedling emergence. The seeds extruding over 1mm of their radicles and the seedlings with fully expanded cotyledons were counted daily for calculating the germination and the seedling emergence rates. Seedcoat softening using 10% NaOH solution somewhat enhanced their germination rate of the intact seeds harvested in the current year, but aging treatment done on 6 days at $45^{\circ}C$ after NaOH treatment increased the germination rate more than only NaOH treatment. A day washing after the NaOH treatment and a day chilling after the washing increasingly elevated the rates as well. Irrigation of 0.2% $\textrm{KNO}_3$ solution, moreover, showed the greatest germination rate of the priming treatments done during all the 7 day chilling. Drying the seeds after the combined treatment of chilling and priming more inclined the germination rate than nondrying ones, but red light treated during 24 hour desiccation was more effective in the germination rate increment than dark condition. The seeds done the sequential treatments of aging, NaOH, washing, combining chilling and priming and drying under red light illumination were germinated up to 80% but seedlings were emerged to 60%, lower than ones removed their arils.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.166-173
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• 1993

Seed infection to pod and stem blight (Diaporthe phaseolorum) is severe at summer type soybeans maturing at hot and humid conditions. In order to increase germination and plant stand, this experiments were evaluated the effects of fungicide Benoram(Benomyl 20% ${\pm}$ Thiram 20%) seed treatments with different seed sizes on emergence yield at field conditions, and with different infection degrees to pod and stem blight on germination in laboratory. Benoram treatment on seed was improved emergence rate and elongated hypocotyl not increased growth and yield. It was clearly improved length but germinations and germination speed by Benoram fungicide treatment on severely infected seed however was not improved germination rate at good quality of seeds and the effect was higher at large seed cultivar than small ones.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.747-749
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• 1999

Various methods for seed treatments have been devised to improve the rate and uniformity of seed germination of gourd (Lagenaria siceraria Standl.). Hydropriming and priming, the imbibition of seeds in distilled water and osmotic solutions respectively, are useful techniques for early establishment of uniform seedlings. In this study, the optimum conditions for hydropriming and priming were determined in gourd (Lagenaria siceraria Standl.) seeds. Effect of hydropriming was compared with those of osmotic priming. Seeds, hydroprimed or primed with 50 mM solution of $KH_2PO_4$ and $KNO_3$ at $30^{\circ}C$ for 2 days, showed shorter $T_{50}$ (number of days to 50% of the final germination percentage) and MDG (mean number of days to germination) than those unprimed. The relative effectiveness of hydropriming and priming in improving the germinability of gourd seeds was more evident when germinated at $20^{\circ}C$ than at $25^{\circ}C$ and $35^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.228-234
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• 2003

Various hydration treatments have been devised to improve the rate and univormity of seed germination as well as seed viability. Hydropriming and priming, the imbibitaion of seeds in distilled water and osmotic solutions, respectively, are useful techniques for early establishment of uniform seedlings. In this study, the optimum conditions were determined for hysropriming of cucumber seeds. Effects of hydropriming were also compared to those of osmotic priming. Seeds, hydroprimed with distilled water and primed with 50 mM $NaNO_3$at 20 for 24 hour, showd shorter number of days required to reach 50% of the final germination percentage ($T_{50}$), and mean number of days to germinate (MDG) that those untreated seeds. Hydroprimed with 10 mL distilled water showed better results in improving the rate of germination thatn other treatments tested. Hydropriming of the aged seeds improved germination percentage at 15$^{\circ}C$ and 25$^{\circ}C$. The $T_{50}$ and MDG values were reduced significantly by hydropriming of the aged seeds regardless of germination temperature. In addition to being simple and inexpensive, the hydropriming resulted in early germination at low temperature. he hydropriming was also effective in increase of germination percentage and normal seedlings.