• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.73-79
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• 2011

The annals of Joseon Dynasty is one of the UNESCO's Memory of the World Register. For the safety preservation of wax applied volumes of the annals of Joseon Dynasty, the aging behavior of beeswax and beeswaxed Hanji with $CO_2$, $O_3$, $SO_2$ and $NO_2$ gas has been evaluated. The weight loss of beeswaxed Hanji after aging under ozone gas were increased because of strong acidity of ozone. The acid value and relative intensity of carbonyl groups in beeswax were stabilized with aging time. The physical strength of dewaxed Hanji after ozone aging were rapidly decreased by aging time. The crystallinity of dewaxed Hanji were stabilized at all aging times.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.430-436
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• 2022

In this paper, we propose an intelligent camera for multiple body temperature detection. The proposed camera is composed of optical(4056*3040) and thermal(640*480), which detects abnormal symptoms by analyzing a person's facial expression and body temperature from the acquired image. The optical and thermal imaging cameras are operated simultaneously and detect an object in the optical image, in which the facial region and expression analysis are calculated from the object. Additionally, the calculated coordinate values from the optical image facial region are applied to the thermal image, also the maximum temperature is measured from the region and displayed on the screen. Abnormal symptom detection is determined by using the analyzed three facial expressions(neutral, happy, sadness) and body temperature values. In order to evaluate the performance of the proposed camera, the optical image processing part is tested on Caltech, WIDER FACE, and CK+ datasets for three algorithms(object detection, facial region detection, and expression analysis). Experimental results have shown 91%, 91%, and 84% accuracy scores each.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.161-169
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• 2009

The objective of this study was to investigate stability of Korean Paper(Hanji) which is being sold in the Korean markets according to aging treatment. In order to know the aging characteristics, the optical and mechanical properties of before and after wet and dry-heat aging treatment were examined. The optical and mechanical properties were shown higher reduction in the dry-heat aging treatment compared to the wet-heat aging treatment. The Soonji (pure mulberry Hanji) made from black mulberry bast pulp was shown a great reduction of the brightness and whiteness, and increase of the opacity in the aging treatment. On the other hand, in case of mechanical properties, the breaking length of Soonji made from white mulberry bast pulp was significantly higher than that of the others, and the tensile strength was shown drastic reduction in according to Soonji made from black mulberry bast pulp in the aging treatment. The burst strength of Soonji made from black and white mulberry bast pulp was shown the similar value in the wet-heat aging treatment. The folding endurance of Soonji made from white mulberry bast pulp was significantly higher than that of others before and after aging treatment. Consequently, Hanji was affected sensitive in the temperature compared to the humidity. Meanwhile, the density and color of the chinese ink was no significant changes before and after wet and dry-heat aging treatment.

• Proceedings of the Korea Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry Conference
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• 2001.04a
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• pp.158-158
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• 2001

산업용 포장재의 주원료로서 이용되고 있는 국산골판지고지(KOCC)는 반복적인 재활용 으로 인하여 섬유장이 짧고 매우 각질화된 상태이며, 펄프 내 미세분 함량이 50%이상에 달 하고 있다. 또한 섬유의 표면이 인쇄잉크, stickies 및 각종 이물질로 오염됨에 따라, 섬유자 체가 보유하고 있는 섬유간 결합 능력이 저하된 상태이다. 국산 골판지 고지를 재활용한 골판지 원지의 생산 시 탈수성 및 강도 저하의 단점을 극 복하는 것은 생산성과 품질향상의 측면이외에 고지 재생을 촉진시킨다는 의미를 지니고 있다. 상기한 KOCC의 단점을 극복하는 방안으로 섬유분과 미세분의 적절한 분급을 통하여 초지 시 탈수저향을 감소시키고 더불어 종이의 강도를 개선하는 방안이 본 연구센터에 의해 고안되었다. 아울러 고온압착건조 처리를 활용한 종이의 물성 개선법이 국내에 이미 적용된 상태로 건조시간의 단축 및 종이의 제반물성을 개선시켜주게 되었다. 하지만 이미 열화된 KOCC에 고온압착건조 처리를 적용하여 밀도를 증가시킨다 할지라 도 천연의 UKP를 이용한 종이에 준 하는 강도를 얻는 데에 한계가 있었다. K KOCC 펄프의 섬유간 결합 능력을 개선시키기 위하여 본 연구에서는 Kneading처리와 지력증강제를 첨가를 함께 실시하는 방안을 검토하였으며, 고온압착건조된 골판지 원지의 표면에 코팅처리를 실시하여 그 효과를 분석하였다. 이를 통해 국산 골판지고지를 재활용한 골판지원지의 강도 극대화 방안을 탐색하고자 하였다.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.219-234
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• 2014

Fabrics, natural dyed fabrics, papers, natural dyed papers and paints were examined effects of colors and mechanical properties for materials of museum collections under anoxic treatment. Anoxic conditions using nitrogen and argon were oxygen concentration 0.01%, temperature($20^{\circ}C$, $25^{\circ}C$, $30^{\circ}C$), 50% RH and exposure time 30 days. Examined fabrics were raw silk fabric, UV irradiated raw silk fabric, degummed silk fabric, UV irradiated degummed silk fabric, cotton fabric, and UV irradiated cotton fabric. Natural dyed silk and cotton fabrics were dyed with fresh indigo, indigo, safflower, gromwell, madder sappanwood, amur cork tree, turmeric, gardenia, barberry root, pagoda tree flower, cochineal, lac, alnus japonica, gallnut, chestnut shell, and combination(indigo and safflower, indigo and amur cork tree, indigo and pagoda tree flower, indigo and sappanwood). Papers were Korean papers(mulberry paper, mulberry(70%) and rice straw(30%) mixed paper), Japanese paper(gampi paper), cotton paper, refined linen paper, cotton, linen & manila mixed fibre furnish, copy paper, news print, and alum sized mulberry paper. Natural dyed papers were dyed with indigo, sappanwood, madder, safflower, gardenia, amur cork tree, and pagoda tree flower. Paints were painted on alum-sized papers and silk fabrics using glue and pigments(azurite, malachite, cinnabar, vermilion, orpiment, gamboge, red lead, haematite, iron oxide red, indigo(lake), lac, cochineal, safflower, madder root lake, celadonite, smalt, ultramarine blue, lapis lazuli, prussian blue, kaolin, lead white, oyster-shell white, and clam-shell white). The color differences(${\Delta}E^*$) of all examined materials were below 1.5 or lowered than control samples after anoxic treatment. The variations of tenacity of yarns of fabrics and natural dyed fabrics after anoxic treatment were within that of standard silk and cotton fabrics. Gases(nitrogen and argon) and temperatures of anoxic treatment did not also affected color differences and variations of tenacity of materials.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.24-29
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• 1998

This study was carried out in order to elucidate the deterioration mechanism of paper according to various sizing chemicals. No additive paper and four kinds of papers containing rosin-alum, alum only, alkylketene dimer(AKD)-cation polymer and cation polymer only were treated by UV light to study changes of water-resistant, optical and mechanical properties from the view points of natural deterioration of paper. Since rosin chemicals have UV absorption at the relatively long wavelength region, rosins are degraded to form hydrophilic groups such as carboxylic acid from their double bonds by UV treatments. These phenomena caused the decreasing of sizing degree and wetting time in case of rosin-sized paper, while the UV treatments brought about the slight increase of wetting time in rosin-free papers such as no additive, alum and kymene only paper owing to the auto-sizing effect. Optical properties were primarily influenced by sizing chemicals. Rosin-sized paper showed lower brightness after UV and near UV treatment because of its UV instability.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.58-63
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• 1999

Three kinds of papers were prepared from different beating degree of pulps. Physical and optical properties were examined to elucidate the deterioration mechanism of paper according to beating degrees. Changes of double folds, elongation, water retention value, DP, K/S value and visible, UV region light absorption spectra of those papers treated by UV light were studied. Double folds and brightness were decreased more rapidly by UV treatment with increasing of beating degree. The light absorption rates of pulps in visible and UV region were also increased with change of beating level. The formation of new hydrogen bonds and higher light absorption rate of pulps according to beating induced to absorb and interact with much UV light. These phenomena maybe brought about to accelerate paper deteriortion by UV treatment both optical and physical properties.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.24-30
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• 2011

The accelerated aging characteristics of electroconductive papers manufactured with a mixture of carbon fiber were investigated by heating in dry oven. By accelerated aging time, the tensile strength, tensile stretch of the papers were decreased more slowly with increase of carbon fiber content, but the electrical conductivity was more rapidly decreased in case of high carbon fiber content. The weight loss of papers by thermal analysis were reduced as increasing the carbon fiber content. These results were indicated that the electrical conductivity of carbon fiber was diminished easily by heat aging, but thermal characteristic of carbon fiber was much better than that of wood pulp.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2011.07a
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• pp.481-483
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• 2011

전력IT 성과물인 지능형송전, 능동형텔레메트리스, 디지털 변전, 배전지능화 시스템의 데이터를 CIM 기반의 국제 표준 프로토콜을 사용하여 취득할 SPG 주장치인 PGOMS를 구축하였다. 또한 전력계통의 안정도를 평가하는 위기관리시스템, 계통전압이 정격 범위내에서 유지되도록 발전기 출력 등을 자동제어하는 VMS(Voltage Management System)시스템. 송전선로용 볼센서, 변전소 주변압기 열화감시용 센서, GIS(Gas Insulation Switchgear) 감시용 센서 등을 사용하여 전력기기의 열화감시를 온라인 감시하는 능동형텔레메트릭스 시스템. 변전소내의 보호계전기와 제어부, 통신부가 통합된 (IED: Intelligent Electronic Device)기반의 디지털 변전시스템. 변전소 SCADA와 배전자동화를 하나의 시스템에서 처리하고, 분산전원을 통합 운영할 수 있는 배전지능화 시스템을 구축하였다.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2009.07a
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• pp.2081_2082
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• 2009

국내 가공배전 선로는 절연전선을 사용하고 있으며, 절연을 위해 세라믹 재질과 폴리머 재질의 지지애가가 사용되고 있다. 지지 애자 위의 전선은 진동에 따라 종방향 및 횡방향의 기계적 마찰력을 받고 있으며, 전기적으로 누설전류 및 서지의 영향을 받아 절연피복이 손상된다. 본 연구에서는 지지애자를 통해 흐르는 누설전류에 의해 전선이 손상되는 메커니즘을 규명하여 고장을 예방하고자 하였다. 절연전선은 손상된 부위에서 전류가 집중되어 내부 도체가 용융 단선되었다. 전선단선에 영향을 주는 열화 인자로서 지지애자의 표면 열화상태, 절연전선 피복 손상, 바인드선의 종류 등이 복합적으로 작용하였다.