• Title/Summary/Keyword: 종의 상관

Search Result 2,102, Processing Time 0.034 seconds

Possibility Study of Estimating Maximum Depth of Daily Snow Cover by using Algorithm (알고리즘을 이용한 일최심신적설 측정 가능성 연구)

  • Lee, Gun;Kim, Dongkyun
    • Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
    • /
    • 2017.05a
    • /
    • pp.170-170
    • /
    • 2017
  • 본 연구의 목표는 극한 지역의 대비 시스템을 구축하기 위하여 인공 신경망(Artificial Neural Networks)을 이용하여 보다 관측하기 쉬운 기상 인자들로부터 적설량을 실시간 측정 가능성을 제시하는 것이다. 본 연구에서 사용한 데이터베이스는 기상청의 기상자료개방포털에서 사람이 직접 측정한 종관기상관측의 자료다. 이 중에서 일최대 기온, 일최저 기온, 일평균 기온, 강수량을 사용하여 오차를 줄여나가는 최적화방법으로 인공 신경망 시스템을 설계하였다. 설계된 시스템으로 500회 시뮬레이션한 연구 결과는 상관계수가 적설량 측정에 대한 인공 신경망의 크기(노드의 개수)와 관계없이 평균적으로 0.8627인 것을 보여준다. 추가적으로 보조 입력 값인 고도를 사용한 결과, 성능은 좋아졌지만 상관계수의 차이는 평균 0.0044로 미세했다. 또한 Cross-Validation을 통해 기존의 보간법인 Kriging기법과 비교하여 미 관측 지역에서 인공 신경망(ANNs) 사용이 Kriging기법 보다 우수하다는 것을 2차원 Regression's map을 통해 나타냈다. 마지막으로 오차가 크게 발생했을 경우 보안할 수 있는 확률적인 방안을 제시하였다.

  • PDF

Studies on the soybean varieties in Korea. -IV relationships between the seed yields and some characteristics on the several sowing dates- (대두의 품종에 관한 연구 -제4보 파종기별 수량과 제특성과의 관계-)

  • Kwon-Yawl Chang
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
    • /
    • v.2
    • /
    • pp.30-37
    • /
    • 1964
  • Experiments were carried out to clarify the relationships between seed yields and some ecological characteristics, seed yields and some morphological characteristics, and the relationships among the varietal yields on the several sowing plots when grown under different climatic conditions. Twenty-four soybean varieties were used as the material, selected at random from 138 varieties which were cultivated the year before. These varieties were grown in the Experimental Farm, Chinju Agricultural College, Kyung Sang Namdo, Korea, and seed sowing was conducted at 5 times, from April to July, in 1962 and 1963. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. Correlations between seed yields and some ecological characteristics on the sowing date bases are shown in Table 1. Among some ecological characteristics, it was observed that there wert close relationships between seed yields and days to flowering, and between seed yields and the total growing length, except on the late sowing, i.e. July sowing plots, However, there was no clear correlation between seed yields and durations of flowering, and between seed yields and days from flowering to maturity. 2. Correlations between seed yields and some morphological characteristics on the sowing date bases are shown in Table 2. From this table, it was also observed that there were some close relationships between seed yields and branch number for plant, stem diameter, plant weight, pod number per plant, and grain number per plant, but there was no clear relationship between seed yields and stem length, and between seed yields and 100 grain weight, on every sowing plot. 3. Relations between varietal yields and the sowing dates are shown in Table 3. Our leading varieties such as Ulsan, Sangdoo, Changdan Backmok, Iksan, Haman, Barchongdeo, and Anion Daerip, which belong to the maturity groups of IV, V, and VI, have been significantly high in yield at each sowing date plot, but the extreme early varieties, that frequently are damaged by insects, moisture and diseases, and the extreme late varieties, that frequently are caught by frost suffering reduced yield, are showed a lower yield than the others. However, extreme early varieties, for instance, Black Hawk, an American variety, and Chung Buk Baek, a Korean early variety, showed high productivity on the late sowing, June and July sowing plots, and Do san No. 6, which is late Japanese variety, showed a high yield on the extreme early sowing, i.e. April sowing plots. 4. Relations between seed yields and the sowing dates on the varietal bases are shown in Table 4. It was observed that, the early varieties did not differ much in yields at the various sowing dates while the yields of late varieties decreased progressively with subsequent dates. However, the extreme late varieties, such as Tamanishiki, that frequently are caught by frost suffering reduced yield, may be difficult to harvest at this location. The results in these experiments showed that in most cases maximum yields were obtained when leading varieties, which are medium or late varieties, were shown in Mid-May, and progressively lower yields were produced from June and July sowings. On the other hand, the late sowings of the early varieties, such as Black Hawk and Chung Buk Baek, in these experiments showed favorable yields compared with the others. From these results, we can predict that our local medium or late varieties produce higher yields at this location than was produced by early varieties in most of the sowing dates, especially the May sowing, and early varieties such as Black Hawk and Chung Buk Baek should be used in the late sowing, June sowing time.

  • PDF

Distributional characteristics of risky phytoplankton species at inner and outer sites around Incheon seaport of Korea (인천항 내, 외에서 식물플랑크톤 위해종의 분포특성)

  • Kwon, Oh Youn;Kang, Jung-Hoon
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
    • /
    • v.15 no.11
    • /
    • pp.6958-6965
    • /
    • 2014
  • This study examined the occurring pattern of potential risky species and the related abiotic factors for port-specific environmental management considering the control of ballast water-induced foreign species at Incheon seaport. From a total of 62 species observed during the study, 13 red-tide and 7 toxic phytoplankton, normally occurring species in Korean waters, occurred from the seasonal investigation at the inner and outer sites of the Incheon seaport from 2007 to 2009. The number of potential risky phytoplankton was relatively high at the outer site of the port during summer and winter. Red-tide species, such as Skeletonema spp., Thalassiosira nordenskioldii, and Paralia sulcata, dominated the total standing crops at the inner site (avg. 72.4%) and outer site (avg. 77.6%) in spring and summer, being positively correlated with the concentrations of total suspended solids (TSS) and pH (p<0.05). In summer, the red-tide species (Skeletonema spp.) and toxic species (Alexandrium catenella, A. tamarense, Dinophysis acuminata and Pseudo-nitzschia spp.) co-dominated (avg. 74.2%) at the inner site, while Skeletonema spp. and P. sulcata predominated (avg. 67.2%) at the outer site. During the study periods, the toxic species were significantly and positively correlated with the chemical oxygen demand (COD), dissolved inorganic nitrogen, silicate and phosphate (p < 0.05). The chlorophyll-a (chl-a) concentration of phytoplankton at the outer site ranged from 1.49 to $5.46{\mu}g/L$ on average, which was 3-5 times higher than that at the inner site in spring, summer and autumn, whereas there was no difference in the concentration between inner (avg. $0.94{\mu}g/L$) and outer (avg. $0.95{\mu}g/L$) sites in winter. In summary, diverse red-tide species dominated and a relatively high chl-a concentration existed at the outer site, whereas a relatively high number of toxic species and low chl-a concentration was observed at the inner site in summer. The potential risky species can outbreak in association with the concentration of nutrients, COD and TSS, suggesting that distinctive management of potential risky species is needed considering the environmental characteristics of Incheon seaport.

Comparison of Properties Affecting the Palatability of 33 Commercial Brands of Rice (시판 브랜드 쌀 33종의 품종별 식미 관련 특성 비교)

  • Kim, Chae-Eun;Kang, Mi-Young;Kim, Mi-Hyun
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
    • /
    • v.57 no.3
    • /
    • pp.301-309
    • /
    • 2012
  • This study was performed to compare the properties affecting the palatability of 33 commercial brands of rice. Five rice varieties were identified including Chucheongbyeo, Hitomebore, Ilpumbyeo, Nampyeongbyeo, Seachucheongbyeo, were compared in terms of physicochemical characteristics, texture, head riceratio, and palatability through Toyo values. We also analyzed the relationship between grain characteristics and palatability. Amylose content of 5 rice varieties ranged from 17.04-17.98%. Nampyeongbyeo had the lowest and Seachucheongbyeo had the highest content of amylose among rice varieties. The protein content of 5 varieties ranged from 6.72-7.55%. Nampyeongbyeo showed the highest content. The moisture content varied from 13.08-14.83%. Chucheongbyeo has the highest moisture content. The head rice ratio of Ilpumbyeo, Chucheongbyeo, and Seachucheongbyeo were over the 90%, which was lower than that of Japan. Chucheongbyeo had the lowest hardness value and the highest adhesiveness value as measured by texture analyzer. The palatability value was highest in Chucheongbyeo, and the lowest in both Nampyeongbyeo and Ilpumbyeo. The palatability value was negatively correlated with protein content, but positively correlated with texture, moisture content, and head rice ratio. Based on this results, the rice varieties with high palatability had lower contents of amylose and protein, but higher moisture content and head rice ratio. Chucheongbyeo seemed to be the valuable variety with the highest palatability among them.

Relationship between Macrofungi Fruiting and Environmental Factors in Songnisan National Park (속리산 국립공원의 버섯발생과 환경요인과의 관계)

  • Park, Yong-Woo;Koo, Chang-Duck;Lee, Hwa-Yong;Ryu, Sung-Ryul;Kim, Tae-Heon;Cho, Young-Gull
    • Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
    • /
    • v.24 no.6
    • /
    • pp.657-679
    • /
    • 2010
  • Mushroom fruiting was investigated in pine and oak dominated forest stands in Songni National Park located in central Korea for six years from 2003 to 2008, in order to understand the relationship between mushroom diversity and the environmental factors, precipitation, temperature, soil moisture and vegetation. The most frequent fruiting families were those of ectomycorrhizal mushrooms, Tricholomataceae, Amanitaceae, Russulaceae, Cortinariaceae, and Boletaceae. The frequency of mushroom fruiting varied from 94 to 167 species per year, with July and August having the highest(13~90 species). Mushroom fruiting was positively correlated to precipitation(r=0.897), using Palmer Drought Severity Index for the long term period and Standard Precipitation Index for short term period. Soil moisture content also affected mushroom fruiting, with Lactarius chrysorrheus and Russula virescens fruiting only at soil moisture content higher than 20%. Positive correlation between mushroom fruiting and temperature was also noted(r=0.77), with optimum rates at $21{\sim}25^{\circ}C$. Tricholoma flayayirens, Amanita gymnopus, Lactarius piperatus, Inocybe asteropora and Xerocomus chrysenteron were able to fruit at temperatures higher than $25^{\circ}C$. However, Laccaria amethystea, Amanita virosa and Russula mariae fruited at relatively wide temperature range. The influence of vegetation on mushroom fruiting was likewise noted, with 38 species, including Suillus bovinus and Boletopsis leucomelas being specific to pine dominated stands, while 42 species, including Polyporus arcularius and Hericium erinaceum were specific to oak dominated stands. On the other hand, around 50 species, including Laccaria laccata and Lycoperdon parlatum, were able to fruit in both types of vegetation. In conclusion, mushroom fruiting greatly varies with changes in precipitation, soil moisture, temperature and vegetation.

Evaluation of In-vitro Anticoagulation Activity of 35 Different Seaweed Extracts (35종 해조류 추출물의 in-vitro 항혈전 활성 평가)

  • Ahn, Seon-Mi;Hong, Yong-Ki;Kwon, Gi-Seok;Sohn, Ho-Yong
    • Journal of Life Science
    • /
    • v.20 no.11
    • /
    • pp.1640-1647
    • /
    • 2010
  • Seaweeds have been recognized as a health food, having anti-obesity, anti-constipation and anticoagulation activities, and the use of seaweeds in the food, medicine, and cosmetic industries have recently significantly increased. In this study, methanol extracts were prepared from 35 different seaweeds (17 phaeophyta, 11 rhodophyta and 7 chlorophyta), and thrombin time (TT), prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) were determined in order to develop safe and novel anticoagulation agents from natural products. In TT experiments, Ecklonia cava, Ecklonia stolonifera, Eisenia bicyclis (Kjellman) Setchell, Ishige foliacea, I. okamurai, Sargassum confusum and S. yamade showed strong thrombin inhibition activity among the 35 different seaweeds. In PT experiments, the inhibitions of prothrombin were identified in the selected seaweeds from TT experiment, with the exception of S. yamade. In aPTT experiments, the seaweeds with blood coagulation inhibition factors were E. cava, E. stolonifera, E. bicyclis (Kjellman) Setchell, I. foliacea, I. okamurai, S. confusum and Hixikia fusiforme Okamura. Further anticoagulation assay with the selected 8 seaweeds suggested that S. confusum is most effective in antithrombosis, and E. stolonifera, E. bicyclis (Kjellman) Setchell, and I. foliacea have high potential as antithrombosis agents. Based on components-activity correlation analysis, flavonoids are considered as active anticoagulation components of seaweeds These results suggest that edible seaweeds, especially S. confusum, have potential as safe and novel anticoagulants, and S. yamade and H. fusiforme Okamura could be used as a thrombin-specific and coagulation factor-specific inhibitors.

Characteristics of heavy metal adsorption by Korean marine algae

  • Park, Jun-Sub;Park, Chang-Ho
    • 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
    • /
    • 2005.04a
    • /
    • pp.252-256
    • /
    • 2005
  • Removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous solution by brown sea weeds (Hizikia fusiformis, Laminaria, and Undaria pinnatifida) was 80-96% for lead, cadmium, chromium and copper ions. Fifty percent of the adsorption was completed in 4 min. The uptake of lead and cadmium ions followed Langmuir adsorption. In the adsorption experiments using single and multi metal ions 80-95% of metal ions were removed, and the removal efficiency was the best for lead ion.

  • PDF

An Improvement of the Quility of the Domestic Fly Ash by the Method of Classifing. (분급에 의한 국산 플라이 애쉬의 품질 개선)

  • 문제길;김일종
    • Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
    • /
    • 1991.04a
    • /
    • pp.1-14
    • /
    • 1991
  • 환경문제로 인한 Nox의 규제로 보일러의 연소 온도가 저하되어 미연소탄과 조립분이 증가되었다. 이러한 플라이 애쉬의 미연소탄과 양호하지 못한 입자형상들은 콘크리트용 혼화재로서 플라이 애쉬의 품질을 현저하게 저하시키고 있다. 이 저 품질의 플라이 애쉬를 44$\mu$체를 사용하여 체 분급의 방법을 도입하므로서 어느 정도 양질의 플라이 애쉬로 개선될수 있었다. 분급한 9종의 플라이 애쉬를 시험한 결과 입자형상이 구형으로 개선되었으며, 물리.화학적 특성이 다소 개선되었고 압축강도가 증가되었다. 그리고 분말도와 포졸란 활성지수, 44$\mu$체 잔량과 포졸란 활성지수는 좋은 상관관계를 보여주었다. 또한 분급에 의한 분말도 관리가 포졸란 활성에 영향을 주는 인자임을 알 수 있었다.

  • PDF

양인(陽人) 해역병(解?病)과 영양결핍성(營養缺乏性) 질환(疾患)의 상관성(相關性) 연구(硏究) -관우태양인해역병여영양결핍성질병적상관성연구-

  • Lee, Pil-U;Yun, Chang-Yeol
    • Journal of Korean Medical classics
    • /
    • v.18 no.4 s.31
    • /
    • pp.134-144
    • /
    • 2005
  • 통과대해역병재${\ulcorner}$동의수세보원(東醫壽世保元)${\lrcorner}$중적상관내용여현대의학적비교연구(中的相關內容與現代醫學的比較硏究), 가류추출여하결론(可類推出如下結論): ${\ulcorner}$내경(內經)${\lrcorner}$중출현적해역병, 재척부혹맥적진단법급자침적류오인식상(在尺部或脈的診斷法及刺針的謬誤認識上), 언급도해역병. 저시인위파열(這是因爲把熱), 혈소(血少), 비토허(脾土虛), 상화작위료기근원적연고(相火作爲了其根源的緣故). 해역병적증상시‘한불한(寒不寒), 열불열(熱不熱), 약불약(弱不弱), 장불장(壯不壯)’급(及)‘소삭, 행산, 불능거(不能去)’ 재(在)${\ulcorner}$동의수세보원(東醫壽世保元)${\lrcorner}$중칭위‘기병가유(其病可愈)’, 이종현대의학적각도진행연구결과(而從現代醫學的角度進行硏究結果), 인위유류사여말초신경적병증(認爲有類似與末稍神經的病證). 종현대의학적원인래간(從現代醫學的原因來看), 유어단백질(由於蛋白質)-능량적영양결핍화유생소급미량원소적부족(能量的營養缺乏和維生素及微量原素的不足), 출현말초신경병증(出現末稍神經病證). 재(在)${\ulcorner}$동의수세보원(東醫壽世保元)${\lrcorner}$적약물중(的藥物中), 야유능량화유생소급미량원소등성분(也有能量和維生素及微量原素等成分), 소이인위대태양인적처방(所以認爲對太陽人的處方), 종영양학각도진행분석연구시유가치적(從營養學角度進行分析硏究是有價値的).

  • PDF

Forest Structure in Relation to Slope Aspect and Altitude in Valley FOrests at Chirisan National Park (지리산국립공원 계곡부의 사면방향과 해발고에 따른 산림구조)

  • 박인협;임도형;문광선
    • Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
    • /
    • v.14 no.1
    • /
    • pp.11-17
    • /
    • 2000
  • 지리산국립공원의 장터목을 중심으로 남향사면인 중산리-장터목지역과 북향사면인 가내소폭포-장터목지역을 대상으로 사면방향과 해발고에 따른 교목츠의 산림구조를 조사분석하였다 북향사면은 남향사면에 비하여 교목층의 밀도 흉고단면적 종다양도가 높은경향을 보였다 특수한 지형인 주능선부에 위치하는 정부를 제외하면 해발고가 ?아짐에 따라 교목층 전체의 평균 흉고직경과 흉고단면적은 북혀 사면에서는 감소하는 반면 남향사면에서는 증가하는 경향을 보였다 종수, 종다양도, 균재도는 남향사면과 북향사면 모두 해발고가 높아짐에 따라 감소하였다 남향사면과 북향사면에서 모두 해발고가 증가함에 따락 중요치가 높아지는 수종은 구상나무 철쭉꽃 등이었으며 중요치가 감소하는 수종은 졸참나무 서어나무 생강나무 등이었다 cluster 분석결과 남향사면 하부의 졸참나무-활엽수군집 남향사면 중부와 북향사면 하부의신갈나무-전나무군집 남향사면 상부와 북향사면 상중부의 구상나무-활엽수군집 정부의 구상나무군집 등 4개 유형의 군집으로 구분되었다. 졸참나무 산뽕나무 비목나무 고로쇠나무 서어나무 다릅나무 등의 수종간에는 유의적인 정의 상관이 있어으며 구상나무와 사닥나무는 노각나무와 유의적인 부의 상관이 있었다.

  • PDF