• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.131-147
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• 2005

This study was carried out to clarify the distribution of vascular plants and their usefulness in Irwolsan of Gyeongbuk $(1218.5m,\;36^{\circ}\;45'\;00'\~36^{\circ}\;50'\;10'\;N,129^{\circ}\;02'\;50'\~129^{\circ}\;09'\;00'E)$. The vascular plants collected 16 times (from May, 2002, to May, 2003) were consisted of total 740 taxa; 105 families, 381 genera, 618 species, 6 subspecies, 104 varieties and 12 forms. Among them, edible, medicinal, industrial, ornamental and unknown of usefulness plants were 315 taxa, 428 taxa, 100 taxa, 84 taxa, 201 taxa, respectively. Korean endemic plants of this area were 22 taxa, and Law-protected plants by Ministry of Environment were 6 taxa. The naturalized plants were 27 taxa, therefore naturalized ratio was $3.6\%$, and Urban index $9.7\%$.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.419-429
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• 2011

This study was carried out to classify the regional folk plants in Gyeongsangnam-do. According to the survey results from 293 survey sheets of 60 residents at 52 places of 17 counties and cities from March to October, 2009, the folk plants in Gyeongsangnam-do consisted of a total 182 taxa; 73 families, 157 genera, 168 species, 2 subspecies, 11 varieties, and 1 form. The use by its usage was: 129 taxa; edible, 41 taxa; medicinal, 3 taxa; dye, 2 taxa; aroma, 2 taxa; spice, 2 taxa; ornamental, 6 taxa; fiber, 2 taxa; oil, 25 taxa; others, respectively, so the edible use was the highest. The most useful part was the leaf, followed by all parts, fruit and root.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.277-285
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• 2001

This study was conducted to know about the distribution of naturalized plants growing in Jeiu Island. A field survey and flora lists of relevant literatures were also investigated. The results obtained from this study were as follows: Definition of naturalized plants was determined in this study as “non-native species in Korea which have been introduced anthropologically or naturally and can reproduce and survive in wild habitats by themselves.” It was suggested that the number of naturalized plants in Jeju Island were 31 families, 111 genera, 188 taxa including 178 species, 10 varieties. Family Compositae and Gramineae covered 23% and 14% of naturalized plants, respectively. The number of naturalized plants in Jeju Island were 188 taxa ; 97 taxa in the whole south Korea,39 taxa in the southern part of Korea,15 taxa in the central part of Korea, and 37 taxa only in Jeju.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.409-423
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• 2007

The flora and the useful economic plants of Mt. Gangcheon was investigated from March to November, 2005. Vascular plants of this area consisted of total 379 taxa; 6 forms, 45 varieties, 328 species, 253 genera, 97 families. It corresponds to 9.31% of totally 4,071 taxa distributed in Korea. The useful plants of this area were 315 taxa. It corresponds to 83.1% of collected plants in this area. Among the useful plants, there were 161 taxa of edible source, 121 taxa of pastural source, 147 taxa of medicinal source, 82 taxa of ornamental source, 11 taxa of timber source, 14 taxa of industrial source. Korean endemic plants were composed of 16 taxa - 14 families, 16 genera, 12 species, 3 varieties, 1 forma. It corresponded to 4.2% of collected materials. The floristic specialized species of $III{\sim}V$ grades were 9 taxa, it correspond to 2.3% of collected materials. The naturalized plants were 15 taxa, it corresponded to 6.7% of 225 taxa distributed in Korea.

• Explosives and Blasting
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.1-5
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• 2013

Parameters of Swedish bench blast design was analyzed by robust design method. Orthogonal array which is adopted in this study was $L_9(3^4)$ and the parameters were hole diameter, explosive type, hole inclination and rock factor of 3 levels. Result of analysis showed that maximum and minimum burden are most affected by hole diameter, followed by explosive type, rock type and inclination of hole. Parameters affecting specific charge are in the order of rock type, explosive type and to specific drilling are hole diameter and explosive type. Cost analysis showed that robust design is capable of parameter optimization.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.1000-1006
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• 2011

We examined the effects of various phenolic compounds, Ti plasmids(octopine, nopaline) and A. tumefaciens on the vir gene expression. Nine phenolic compounds were tested using 3 types of Ti plasmid and 3 strains of A. tumefaciens on the vir gene expression. It was also investigated how the levels of vir gene expression could be related to specific phenolic compounds. Six phenolic compounds as 4-hydroxyacetophenone, phenol, catechol, resorcinol, acetosyringone and vanillin had exhibited a strong effect on the vir gene expression of A. tumefaciens MW107 containing nopaline Ti plasmid. The vir genes of A. tumefaciens MW105 and MW108 containing octopine Ti plasmids were remarkably stimulated only by acetosyringone. Thus, it appeared that the vir gene inducing abilities were differed by the kinds of phenolic compounds, A. tumefaciens and Ti plasmids.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.346-359
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• 2004

Flora was investigated in the Dongbok stream area of hwasun-gun, Jeonllanam-do from February in 2002 to August, were identified as 206 taxa; 75 families,158 genera,174 species,31 varieties and 1 form of plant. Hydrophytes of research site was investigated total, 29 taxa; 16 families, 23 genera, 26 species and 3 varieties. Emerged plants, submerged plant, floating leaved plants and floating plants among the hydrophytes was classified 22, 4, 2 and 1 taxa respectively. Naturalized plants of research site was investigated total, 19 taxa; 10 families, 17 genera, 17 species, 2 varieties. Based on the list of rare and endangered plants from the Forest Research Institute and the Ministry of Environment 1 species Sparganium stoloniferum were recorded in the studied area.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.65-76
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• 1991

A numerical solution method for the evaluation of the static and dynamic horizontal active thrusts exerted by a backfill, consisting of two or three layers of different properties, on a retaining wall is proposed in the present study based on the Mononobe-Okabe analysis. Using the proposed method, the efficient type in forming a backfill with two layers of different properties is analyzed. In addition, for the design examples of a backfill made up of two or three layers of different properties, the static and dynamic horizontal active thrusts computed using the soil property of each layer are compared with those obtained from the proposed method, and also the problems expected in design are presented based on the comparisons.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.60-88
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• 1998

Mt. Cheongok, Mt. Doota and Mt. Joongbong located at $37^{\circ}25^{\prime}26^{{\prime}{\prime}}{\sim}37^{\circ}27^{\prime}20^{{\prime}{\prime}}N$ in latitude, at $128^{\circ}55^{\prime}20^{{\prime}{\prime}}{\sim}129^{\circ}01^{\prime}58^{{\prime}{\prime}}E$ in longitude. The results of vascular plants - collecting and their investigation from June, 1995 to Octorber, 1997 are as follow ; The vaular plants collected and investigated in this area consist of 103 families, 324 genera, 516 species, 2 subspecies, 81 varieties, 10 formae, total 610 taxa in Mt. Cheongok, 104 families, 338 genera, 568 species, 2 subspecies, 84 varieties, 9 formae, 1 hybrid, total 664 taxa in Mt. Doota, 99 families, 303 genera, 453 species, 1 subspecies, 73 varieties, 10 formae, 1 hybrid, total 538 taxa in Mt. Joongbong. The Korean endemic plants were 22 taxa, 25 taxa and 17 taxa in each surveyed area. Rare or endangered plants were 19 taxa, 20 taxa and 11 taxa in each surveyed area. Also, naturalized plants were 17 taxa, 16 taxa and 14 taxa in each surveyed area.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.465-479
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• 2010

This study was carried out to classify the regional folk plants in the inland of Gyeongsangbuk-do. According to the survey results from 582 survey sheets of 126 residents at 85 places of 17 counties and cities from March to October, 2009, the folk plants in the inland of Gyeongsangbuk-do consisted of a total 254 taxa; 76 families, 207 genera, 225 species, 2 subspecies, 26 varieties, and 1 form. The use by its usage was: 216 taxa; edible, 82 taxa; medicinal, 30 taxa; dye, 3 taxa; aroma, 4 taxa; spice, 4 taxa; ornamental, 1 taxa; fiber, 2 taxa; oil, 1 taxa; starch, 5 taxa; fuel, 9 taxa; others, respectively, so the edible use is the highest. The most useful part was the leaf, followed by stem and root. The folk plants of 3 head families from Yeongyang and Cheongsong were 42 taxa. The consistency comparison between the scientific name and the local name were the highest in the 50's and the lowest in 80's.