• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.8
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• pp.109-116
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• 2018

This study examines legal regulations and major issues related to income taxation of religion in the income tax law enacted from 2018, and examines the right improvement method. The purpose of this study is to propose an improvement plan through the analytical review of the legal issues related to the income of religion in 2018 and the main issues of taxation. The results of this study are as follows: First, it is the best way to define religious income as a separate item in earned income. Second, it is the best way to apply the deduction system for earned income in the application of deductible expenses. Third, precise and transparent reporting on income of religious persons is required, and a measure should be enforced to impose withholding tax obligations. Fourth, in order to restore transparency and reliability of expenditure related to religious activities, it should be expanded to submit details of total income and expenditure of religious groups. This study provides practical implications for the related field research by providing the starting point and basic data of the discussion on the income taxation system of the religious person.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.325-351
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• 2019

The present study examined patterns of co-occurrence between DSM-5 posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD) symptoms and posttraumatic growth(PTG) among Korean populations(n= 860). Latent profile analysis was used to identify subclasses and suggested that the 3-class model fit best: (1) Low PTSD/Mild PTG group (2) Low PTSD/High PTG group; (3) High PTSD/High PTG group. Class membership was predicted by demographic variables, social isolation, and frequency of traumatic experiences. Classes also differed with respect to self-destructive behaviors(binge eating, non-suicidal self-injury, and problem drinking). These findings contribute to future research about the coexisting patterns of PTSD and PTG, and to identify high-risk individuals who suffer from trauma-related problems in clinical practice.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.181-209
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• 2012

Employment form and gender as stratification factors may generate health disparities in Korea. Previous studies have examined the existence of health disparities by employment form and gender. However, few studies examined how the health disparities can be reduced effectively. This study intends to confirm the existence of health disparities between employment-gender groups and explore the effective health resources which can reduce the possible disparities. Using a national probability sample of Korean adults collected in 2011, we attempts to test the interaction effects between employment-gender groups and health resources on self-rated health. For health resources, 24 variables of five dimensions(social relationship, psychological resource, activity factor, health behavior, and usage of medical service) are taken into account. In results, first, the health levels of the other three employment-gender groups are worse than that of male-regular workers. Second, the effective health resources which can reduce the health disparities are different across the employment-gender groups. An effective health resource for female-nonregular workers is a peaceful relationship with her children. Effective health resources for male-nonregular workers are peaceful relationships with his parents and siblings, low stress, religious activity, and exercise. An effective health resource for female-regular workers is interpersonal trust. These results imply that personal or social interventions for health of specific disadvantaged groups need to focus on specific resources which are more effective for the groups.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.612-623
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to explore children's reactions in the process of reading books dealing with death. As a result, there was a reflection of their religious assumptions. The participants interpreted the stories based on their belief systems. If the stories did not match with their assumptions, they used another strategy. Also, it is indicated that they recalled death-related memories and applied those stories to their own loss experiences and social events. Furthermore, they recognized the importance of their own everyday lives rather than immersing in death itself. It means that death-related stories help the participants express their passion towards life and resolve to live their lives to the utmost. Contrary to their first drawings before reading books, their second drawings contained the joy of living and reflected the details of death they developed while reading books. Also, the colors they used in their second drawings were brighter than the previous ones. Their passionate attitude towards life above was equally shown in their poems as well. In conclusion, reading death stories turned out to be a process in which children develop and reflect on their understanding of death. Abundant opportunities to express their own feelings are offered. Furthermore, it is showed that death stories can help the children love their lives and provide a strong will for their living sincerely. Based on the results, some educational suggestions were provided.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.8
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• pp.448-465
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• 2020

This study analyzed the effect of self-determination of the intellectually disabled on the quality of life, focusing on the effect of controlling family functions, with the intellectually disabled as the subject of the study. In order to achieve this goal, it was designated as an intellectual disabled person at the early age of 18 to 25 who were diagnosed with intellectual disabilities, and it was selected as a disabled person living in the community, and it selected major welfare institutions that were most frequently used by people with intellectual disabilities in the early age of 20 years, considering the difficulties of conducting the survey. The research results are as follows. First, "self-determination, psychological capacity, and self-realization" of the intellectually disabled were found to affect the quality of life (physical well-being, physical well-being, social well-being, productive activities and development, psychological and emotional well-being). Second, differences in "self-determination (self-reliance, psychological capacity, self-realization)" did not occur in accordance with the "population statistical. Third, differences occurred in the "quality of life (physical well-being, physical well-being, social well-being, productive activities and development, psychological and emotional well-being" of the intellectually disabled. Fourth, the relationship between "self-determination" and "quality of life" of the intellectually disabled resulted in the adjustment effect of family functions. This study is meaningful in that it demonstrated the service practice that should be provided to people with early adult intellectual disabilities in the field of practice by verifying the relationship between self-determination, family function and quality of life viewed from the perspective of the parties.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.188-207
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• 2014

Taking the concept of 'Invention of Tradition' by Hobsbawm, this paper examines the change of perspectives on the past and the attitudes toward connecting the past and the contemporary in the 19th century restoration of religious buildings in England. The Anglican society in the early 19th century argued that the catholic theology and rituals should be revived in their practice, which has formed the Oxford Movement. Such aspiration has stimulated to the society to execute its religious practice in a proper space, which has resulted in the Cambridge Camden Society in the middle of the century. Their publications on church buildings and arrangement had much affected to the restoration of many churches to rip off the previous Georgian furnitures and features of the fabric into Gothic, the style of middle age. The perspective on the past for anti-restoration movement in the late 19th century has moved into the one to respect all historical layers of previous spirit imprinted in the church buildings. Inspired by Ruskin and formulated by Morris, SPAB's Manifesto has reflected that the spirit of the first builder can not be reproduced or copied by the contemporaries, and therefore a daily maintenance is the best practice to extend the life of spirit rather than restoration. In addition the material remains is no longer belong to the religious entity but should be regarded as national heritage. By examining the change of perspectives on the past between the early and middle of 19th century and the late 19th century, this paper has argued that the various factors such as social, economic, political, art and commercial factors should be examined together in the understanding of conservation history.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.331-350
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• 2022

This study aims to understand topics of incivility related to COVID-19 from analyzing Twitter posts including COVID-19-related hate speech. To achieve the goal, a total of 63,802 tweets that were created between December 1st, 2019, and August 31st, 2021, covering three targets of hate speech including region and public facilities, groups of people, and religion were analyzed. Frequency analysis, dynamic topic modeling, and keyword co-occurrence network analysis were used to explore topics and keywords. 1) Results of frequency analysis revealed that hate against regions and public facilities showed a relatively increasing trend while hate against specific groups of people and religion showed a relatively decreasing trend. 2) Results of dynamic topic modeling analysis showed keywords of each of the three targets of hate speech. Keywords of the region and public facilities included "Daegu, Gyeongbuk local hate", "interregional hate", and "public facility hate"; groups of people included "China hate", "virus spreaders", and "outdoor activity sanctions"; and religion included "Shincheonji", "Christianity", "religious infection", "refusal of quarantine", and "places visited by confirmed cases". 3) Similarly, results of keyword co-occurrence network analysis revealed keywords of three targets: region and public facilities (Corona, Daegu, confirmed cases, Shincheonji, Gyeongbuk, region); specific groups of people (Coronavirus, Wuhan pneumonia, Wuhan, China, Chinese, People, Entry, Banned); and religion (Corona, Church, Daegu, confirmed cases, infection). This study attempted to grasp the public's anti-citizenship public opinion related to COVID-19 by identifying domestic COVID-19 hate targets and keywords using social media. In particular, it is meaningful to grasp public opinion on incivility topics and hate emotions expressed on social media using data mining techniques for hate-related to COVID-19, which has not been attempted in previous studies. In addition, the results of this study suggest practical implications in that they can be based on basic data for contributing to the establishment of systems and policies for cultural communication measures in preparation for the post-COVID-19 era.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.163-171
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• 2002

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to analyze activities and satisfaction of volunteers for hospice care. Methods : We used 271 reports of hospice care and 20 questionnaire of activities and satisfaction of volunteers for hospice care from volunteers of in a community. Window SPSS-PC was used for the data analysis and the statistical method used were the descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA and Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results : 1) The highest score of activity was emotional area and the next activities was physical area. 2) The degree of emotional area (t=4.94, P<.05) and spiritual area (t=3.80, P<.05) was influence by religion of volunteers. 3) The mean score of satisfaction was 3.61. 4) There was correlation between duration of activity and death experience (r=.558, P<.05), emotional care (r=.698, P<.01), spiritual care (r=.474, P<.05), satisfaction (r=.651, P<.01), and the between physical care and family care (r=.559, P<.05), and the between spiritual cue and family care (r=.512, P<.05), and between emotional care and satisfaction (r=.536, P<.05). Conclution : The above result indicated that we must develope the management and education of volunteer of hospice care for various hospice care. Also, We should to encouraged the continuous education and efficient management.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.65-71
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• 1999

Objectives. The purpose of this investigation was to study the correlation between cognitive impairment and activities of daily living(ADL) In the elderly of rural area. Methods. The study population consisted of 210 elderly people aged 65 years and older, living in a district of Kyongju City. The cognitive impairment was measured with the Korean version of mini-mental state examination(MMSE-K) and newly constructed the Korean version of mini-mental state examination (K-MMSE). Bristol activities of dally living scale developed specifically to be used with people with dementia was used to measure ADL Results. The mean scores of both MMSE-K and K-MMSE were significantly different by sex groups and by .age groups, respectively(p<0.05). The mean scores of ADL were significantly different by age groups(p<0.01) not by sex groups. Among the 4 components of ADL(instrumental activities of daily living(IADL), self care, orientation, and mobility), the mean score of the orientation was significantly higher in men(p<0.01); and IADL, orientation and mobility components were significantly different by age groups(p<0.01). ADL correlated well with MMSE-K (r=0.54) and K-MMSE(r=0.52) and showed higher correlation in female (r=0.73, 0.71) than male(r=0.27, 0.29). IADL and orientation showed significant correlation with MMSE-K(r=0.52, 0.62) and K-MMSE(r=0.50, 0.63), respectively(p<0.01). Conclusions. In developing and establishing a care model for people with dementia in the community, both cognitive impairment and the activities of daily living(ADL) need to be considered.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.10
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• pp.137-150
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• 2014

This study analyzes the perception of the old age life effects on the preparation for old age plan for veterans who are somewhat isolated from our society in spite of the increasing importance of the old age plan due to the rapid population aging society in Korea. The result of the study shows that meaningful differences in terms of characteristics of sociology of population are rank, level of education, religion, composition of family members in old age life plan in two parts(economic, leisure), whereas only property in physical part has a meaningful difference. That indicates the result was reflected by the character of military. The study on how veterans' perception of the old life affects the old age plan applied two contrasting factors - 'the successful perception of old age life' and 'the perception of expected matters in old age'. That represents those factors(economic, leisure) made positive effects on preparation for old age plan, but not in physical part. 'Expected perception of matters' made regulation effect, but 'success of old age perception' didn't in terms of regulation effect of learning activity as part of the veterans vocational training programs.