• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.236-244
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• 2024

A representative problem in domestic chestnut industry is the high loss of flesh due to excessive knife peeling in order to increase the peeling rate, resulting in a decrease in production efficiency. In this study, a prediction model for weight loss rate of chestnut by stage of knife peeling process was developed as undergarment study to optimize conditions of the machine. 51 control conditions of the two-stage blade peeler used in the experiment were derived and repeated three times to obtain a total of 153 data. Machine learning(ML) models including artificial neural network (ANN) and random forest (RF) were implemented to predict the weight loss rate by chestnut peel stage (after 1st peeling, 2nd peeling, and after final discharge). The performance of the models were evaluated by calculating the values of coefficient of determination (R), normalized root mean square error (nRMSE), and mean absolute error (MAE). After all peeling stages, RF model have better prediction accuracy with higher R values and low prediction error with lower nRMSE and MAE values, compared to ANN model. The final selected RF prediction model showed excellent performance with insignificant error between the experimental and predicted values. As a result, the proposed model can be useful to set optimum condition of knife peeling for the purpose of minimizing the weight loss of domestic chestnut flesh with maximizing peeling rate.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.97-116
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• 2023

This study conducted a meta-analysis on the effectiveness of education for sustainable development (ESD) programs within home economics classes. Articles spanning from 2000 to April 2023 were sourced from the Korean Citation Index (KCI) using search terms such as 'environment', 'sustainable', 'ESD', 'green', 'ecology', and 'home economics' in conjunction with 'development', 'application', and 'effectiveness'. Out of the gathered articles, 41 were chosen for analysis. Using a random effects model, the overall effect size was measured at 0.51 (SE=.08), suggesting that ESD programs significantly enhance student achievement in home economics. Further analysis of the 62 effect sizes, categorized by research design, ESD area (society, environment, economy), content area, school level, and school location, revealed that the research design, content area, and school location functioned as moderating variables. The findings of this meta-analysis underscore the efficacy of ESD in home economics education. Additionally, this study paves the way for future research, highlighting the importance of integrating economic perspectives in ESD, such as sustainable production and consumption, corporate sustainability, and market economy within home economics classes.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.169-178
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• 2024

While stable mid- to large-scale underground hydrogen storage infrastructures are needed to meet the rapidly increasing demand for hydrogen energy, evaluating the safety of explosion vibrations in adjacent buildings is becoming important because of gas explosions in underground hydrogen storage facilities. In this study, a numerical analysis of vibration safety effects on nearby building structures was performed assuming a hydrogen gas explosion disaster scenario in a low-depth underground hydrogen storage facility. A parametric study using a meta-model was conducted to predict changes in ground dynamic behavior for each combination of ground properties and to analyze sensitivity to geotechnical influencing factors. Directly above the hydrogen storage facility, the unit weight of the ground had the greatest influence on the change in ground vibration due to the explosion, whereas, farther away from the facility, the sensitivity of dynamic properties was found to be high. In addition, in evaluating the vibration stability of ground building structures based on the predicted ground vibration data and blasting vibration tolerance criteria, in the case of large reinforced concrete building structures, the ground vibration safety was guaranteed with a separation distance of about 10-30 m.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.52 no.4
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• pp.120-136
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• 2024

Yeong-dae(靈臺), Yeong-yu(靈囿), and Yeong-so(靈沼) - so-called 'Yeong-dae Garden' – appear in the poem 'Dae-ah(大雅)․Yeong-dae(靈臺)' in Shijing(詩經) which is considered the record of the earliest garden in East Asia, in the chapter 'Yanghyewang(梁惠王)' of Mencius(孟子). Focusing on those records, this research clarifies their characteristics and discusses the aspects related to garden practices in the Joseon Dynasty. The Yeong-dae Garden is the garden of King Wen of the Zhou Dynasty, who is considered a sage of Confucianism. It is considered to be the first imperial garden in China, and the basic form of all gardens consists of mountains and water. The characteristics of Yeong-dae Garden can be specified through the texts of Shijing and Mencius, the comments written by Zhu Xi and others, and later literature, such as Sambohwangdo. The characteristics of Yeong-dae Garden are as follows: In terms of form, the three spatial elements corresponding to raised ground, a wide area for raising animals, and a pond with fish form a simple arrangement; in terms of function, it combines observation and rest; and in terms of symbolism, it signifies the companionship of the public sentiment and the leader's sincerity. In literature from the Joseon Dynasty, Yeong-dae Garden mainly appear in historical materials related to the King, and its meaning shows an aspect of differentiation into two functions: an observatory for astronomical observation and a garden for rest and appreciation. For the intellectuals of Joseon who sought to restore an ancient ideal state like the Zhou Dynasty through Zhu Xi's Neo-Confucianism, the Yeong-dae Garden served as a control device to warn against royal garden's practices and a symbolic mechanism to expand its meaning of existence to good politics.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.63-70
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• 2024

This study explored computer vision methods using the OpenCV open-source library to characterize the phenotypes of various horticultural crops. In the case of tomatoes, image color was examined to assess ripeness, while support vector machine (SVM) and histogram of oriented gradients (HOG) methods effectively identified ripe tomatoes. For sweet pepper, we visualized the color distribution and used the Gaussian mixture model for clustering to analyze its post-harvest color characteristics. For the quality assessment of netted melons, the LAB (lightness, a, b) color space, binary images, and depth mapping were used to measure the net patterns of the melon. In addition, a combination of depth and color data proved successful in identifying flowers of different sizes and distances in cucumber greenhouses. This study highlights the effectiveness of these computer vision strategies in monitoring the growth and development, ripening, and quality assessment of fruits and vegetables. For broader applications in agriculture, future researchers and developers should enhance these techniques with plant physiological indicators to promote their adoption in both research and practical agricultural settings.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.13 no.8
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• pp.356-366
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• 2024

Users of intelligent robots require access to the status data of the robots for various reasons. The status data of intelligent robots can be generated by combining the status data of the functional agents that constitute the intelligent robot. However, existing intelligent robot systems do not generate the necessary agent status data for creating the status data of intelligent service robots, or they generate it in different ways, making it impossible to collect this information in a uniform manner. Furthermore, these systems have limitations such as collecting the same information redundantly if multiple users request it and only using a single method of communication to deliver robot information, thereby failing to offer the communication methods desired by users. This paper proposes a multi-agent monitoring system for intelligent service robots designed to overcome these limitations. This monitoring system generates status data in response to the actions performed by functional agents, thereby allowing for the unified generation and collection of agent status data. Additionally, the monitoring system resolves data redundancy issues by collecting the necessary data just once, in accordance with user monitoring demands, and delivers status data through a proxy that supports the preferred communication methods of users, thereby providing compatibility with various communication methods. Through experiments, we have verified that this monitoring system can deliver the status data of intelligent robots to multiple users using various communication methods.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.274-283
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• 2024

Climate change is currently one of the most pressing environmental issues, primarily caused by carbon emissions from fossil fuel usage. As a result, alternative fuels that effectively reduce carbon emissions are garnering more attention. Among these alternatives, hydrogen has numerous advantages, such as its ability for large-scale storage and transport. However, it is crucial to prioritize safety measures, particularly in facilities that handle hydrogen, due to its highly flammable and fast-spreading nature. This study aims to compare and analyze the placement of supply and exhaust vents to efficiently release hydrogen in the event of a leak in an enclosed space. The experiments involved six different scenarios, each with various combinations of supply and exhaust vents. To ensure the experimental process's safety, helium, which shares similar physical properties with hydrogen, was used to analyze the internal oxygen concentration during ventilation system operations. The results revealed that among the six scenarios, Case 2, which employed a lower side supply vent and an upper side exhaust vent, exhibited the shortest ventilation time of 4 minutes and 30 seconds. Additionally, the decrease rate in oxygen concentration was examined in the upper, middle, and lower areas. Ventilation utilizing an upper surface supply vent and two exhaust vents on the upper surface and upper side (Case 6), showed lower oxygen concentration values in the upper area, while Case 2 yielded lower values in the middle and lower areas. Therefore, it is crucial to select an appropriate supply and exhaust vent configuration considering the space's characteristics and usage environment.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.251-268
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• 2024

In the Fourth Industrial Revolution era, global powers are enhancing R&D support to leverage innovations like AI, IoT, and big data for productivity gains and structural economic and social reforms. Yet, the declining R&D budget growth rate and the forecasted sharp cut in South Korea's R&D budget in 2024 highlight the critical need for national R&D performance management system discussions. Diverging from previous studies focused on quantitative analysis of performance determinants, this research utilizes fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis(fsQCA) to explore the interplay of factors affecting research institutions' outcomes comprehensively. Analyzing data from 2018 to 2022, it examines three outcome types of research institutions, identifying factor combinations crucial for success. By pinpointing these factors' configurations, the study offers institution-specific performance enhancement guidelines and insights for national R&D policy management and performance evaluation efficiency.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.100-109
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• 2024

There are various methods in surface image velocimetry that can measure the flow velocity of a river surface using footage of a river surface. Among them, spatio-temporal image velocimetry (STIV) is widely used. This paper analyzed advantages and disadvantages of two STIV methods developed by the author, correlation-based STIV (C-STIV) and FFT-based STIV (F-STIV). This study also proposed a new method, hybrid STIV (H-STIV), that could supplement the advantages and disadvantages of the two existing methods by combining them. For the analyses, 20 cases of artificial spatio-temporal images, having image displacement ranging from 0.1 px/fr to 19.0 px/fr, were prepared. As a result, F-STIV was accurate with footage containing small image displacements and C-STIV was more accurate with footage containing large image displacements. For images with medium displacement, the two methods showed similar accuracies. Based on this result, H-STIV was proposed to adopt the result of F-STIV in displacements smaller than 2.0 px/fr (image strip slope 63.4°) and the result of C-STIV in larger displacements. As a result of applying the proposed method to argumentation, it was confirmed that H-STIV could calculate the flow velocity efficiently according to the situation.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.841-853
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• 2024

This paper proposes an optimization method for the GF(2)[x] multiplication operation in HQC on AVX2. HQC is a candidate in NIST PQC standardization round 4 and is a binary code-based key exchange algorithm. The multiplication operation is one of the most time-complex operations in HQC, accounting for about 30% of the total clock cycles in the AVX2 environment. For the optimization, we used Karatsuba and Toom-Cook algorithms. Both algorithms are based on divide-and-conquer methods, which require multiplications of smaller order within them. We propose a method to optimize polynomial multiplication in HQC by finding the most efficient combination of Karatsuba and Toom-Cook algorithms, and compare the performance of the proposed method based on the implementation submitted to the PQC standardization. The results of the comparison demonstrate a performance improvement of 4.5%, 2.5%, and 30.3% over the GF(2)[x] multiplications of original hqc-128, -192, and -256. When applied to key generation, encapsulation, and decapsulation, the performance improvement over the original HQC is 2.2%, 2.4%, and 2.3% for hqc-128, 1.6%, 4.2%, and 2.6% for hqc-192, and 13.3%, 14.7%, and 13.3% for hqc-256, respectively.