• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.155-167
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• 2007

This study was carried out to offer the raw data for environment conservation by surveying and analysing the flora distributed over Jinhae-si, and to present the frame for preparing the method of obtaining the bioresource in approach to plant resource. The period of survey was from May, 2005 to June, 2006, and the routes were A(Mt. Jangbok), B(Ahnmin hill) C(Mt. Hwa). The results as follows. The vascular plants were summarized as 447 taxa; 98 families, 286 genera, 394 species, 49 varieties, and 4 forma. The rare plants designated by Korea Forest Service were 2 taxa; Tricyrtis dilatata and Viola albida. The Korean endemic plants were 11 taxa; Tricyrtis dilatata, Salix caprea, Carpinus coreana, Melandryum seoulense, Clematis trichotoma, Thalictrum uchiyamai, Deutzia coreana, Spiraea prunifolia for. simpliciflora, Lespedeza maritima, Forsythia koreana and Weigela subsessilis.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.193-201
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• 2017

This study was carried out to obtain basic ecological information required for wetland restoration in Korea where wetland is very deficient. To arrive at the objective, we collected the basic ecological information for wetland restoration in four Doombeongs located on Goesan of Chungcheongbuk-do (province), central Korea where maintains relatively integrate feature of Doombeong. Synthesized horizontal distribution of vegetation based on vegetation established naturally except that established by artificial interference, Potamogeton distinctus community, Spirodela polyrhiza community, Sagittaria aginashi community, Trapa japonica community, Scirpus triangulatus community, and Sparganium japonicum community, Persicaria thunbergii community, Juncus effusus var. decipiens community, Ludwigia prostrata community, Humulus japonicus community, Persicaria nodosa community, Miscanthus sacchariflorus community, Phragmites communis - P. japonica community, and Scirpus radicans community, S. gracilistyla community, Spiraea prunifolia for. simpliciflora community, and Rosa multiflora community, and Salix koreensis community and Acer tataricum subsp. ginnala community tended to be established in aquatic zone, herbaceous plant dominated vegetation zone, shrub dominated vegetation zone, and tree and sub-tree dominated vegetation zone, respectively. As the result of DCA ordination based on vegetation data collected from several Doombeongs and their surrounding areas, plant communities tended to be classified into aquatic, wetland, and riparian plant dominated stands. Spatial niche and species composition of major plant communities composing those stands were suggested as the reference information for creating ecological pond as a type of wetland. Further, the importance of wetland and the necessity of wetland restoration was discussed based on functions that the wetland displays.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2017

Bioretention systems, an advance low impact development and green infrastructure approach were currently utilized in different parts of the world because it promotes biodiversity thereby mimicking and preserving the pre-developed state of an area. This study investigated and compared the capability of four bioretention systems to identify factors affecting the hydraulic capabilities and pollutant removal efficiencies of each system. The two bioretention type A referred as Type A-C and Type A-FC were planted with perennials such as Chrysanthemum and Fan columbine, respectively. On the other hand, the two type B bioretention systems referred as Type B-A and Type B-JM were planted with shrub plant species such as Azalea and Japanese Meadowsweet, respectively. Based on the results, TV, infiltration mechanism, filter media depth and plant species were identified as the factors affecting the difference in flow attenuation, retained volume and pollutant removal efficiency of Type A-C, Type A-FC, Type B-A and Type B-JM bioretention systems. The design of bioretention Type B-A and Type B-JM were advantageous considering greater volume retention, groundwater recharge, longer HRT and peak flow attenuation and greater pollutant removal efficiency. On the other hand, the design of bioretention Type A-C and Type A-FC was more appropriate for design considering reduced groundwater contamination.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.117-131
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• 2000

The flora and vegetaion of the high moor in Mt. Daeam($128^{\circ}07^{\prime}E$, $38^{\circ}13^{\prime}N$) was investigated by the phytosociological method of Braun-Blanquet's from 13 - 14th June to 7 - 8th August, 1998. The flora of plants recorded in high moor was 191 taxa belonging to 53 families, 131 genera, 160 species, 30 varieties, 1 formas. The high moor vegetation of Sanguisorba tenuifolia var. alba community group in this survey trip was classified into 11 communities as follows : Carex dispalata community and Sphagnum palustre community at the interior of moor, Carex biwensis community and Juncus papillosus community at the regenerated area and Malinia japonica community, Spiraea salicifolia community, Geranium eriosteman var. megalanthum - Calamagrostis langsdorffii community, Juncus effusus var. decipiens community, Salix koreensis community, Caltha palustris var. membranacea community and Sparganium stoloniferum community at the margin of moor. As a result of this study, the change of plant communities on high moor was closely influenced by landization in relation to the disturbance of human since 1969.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.169-182
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is carried out accurately to grasp the vascular plants in Mt. Bakdal (825 m of sea level), Goesan-gun, Chungcheongbuk-do. In the results of survey from October, 2000 to August, 2001, the vascular plant species in Mt. Bakdal were summarized as 458 taxa; 91 families, 275 genera, 391 species, 62 varieties and 5 forms. The rare plants designated by Korea Forestry Service were six species; Lilium distichum, Iris uniflora var. carisina, Hylomecon hylomeconoides, Viola albida, Scopolia japonicus and Scrophularia koraiensis. And the endemic plants were seventeen species; Melandryum seoulense, Aconitum pseudo-laeve var. erectum, Hylomecon hylomeconoides, Spiraea prunifolia for. simpliciflora, Rubus hongnoensis, Gleditsia japonica var. koraiensis, Lespedeza ${\times}$ tomentella, Vicia venosa var. cuspidata, Vicia venosissima, Tilia taquetii, Ajuga spectabilis, Paulownia coreana, Scrophularia koraiensis, Weigela subsessilis, Lonicera subsessilis, Cirsium setidens and Saussurea seoulensis. The sixteen species were recorded in the surveyed sites as the naturalized plants; Rumex acetocella, Rumex crispus, Fallopia dumetora, Chenopodium glaucum, Amaranthus retroflexus, Robinia pseudo-acacia, Amorpha fruticosa, Trifolium repens, Abutilon avicennae, Hibiscus trionum, Oenothera odorata, Oenothera lamarckiana, Erigeron annuus, Erigeron canadensis, Bidens frondosa and Carduus crispus.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.274-277
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• 2010

This study was performed to report the augmented wild populations of Forsythia koreana (Rehder) Nakai and Abeliophyllum distichum Nakai in Korea. Forsythia koreana was found in Budong-myeon, Cheongsong-gun, Gyeongsangbuk-do. The overall size of the natural habitat of Forsythia koreana is $5m{\times}5m$. A total of 12 individuals were recorded in the wild, and 3 of them were in the seedling stage. The wild habitat is in a secondary forest, which is co-dominated by Pinus densiflora Siebold & Zucc and Robinia pseudoacacia L, with 15% coverage. The coverage of the shrub layer is 40% and is dominated by Spiraea prunifolia for. simpliciflora Nakai. The natural habitat of Abeliophyllum disitichum, which is recorded in Uisong-up, Gyeongsangbuk-do, is distributed in sites characterized by boulders along streams, with a patchwork of 15 scattered areas over a habitat size of $50m{\times}15m$. Quercus variabilis Blume is a dominant species in this habitat, with this species dominating at the sub-tree layer. Celtis aurantiaca Nakai also dominates at the shrub layer. The natural ranges of these two species in Korea were mapped based on the terms of the extent of occupancy (EoO).

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.38-46
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• 2007

The vascular plants of the Moaksan provincial park area were listed as 615 taxa: 120 families, 383 genera, 542 species, 1 subspecies, 69 varieties and 3 forms. Based on the list of Korean endemic plants, 6 taxa were recorded: Cephalotaxus koreana, Carex okamotoi, Lilium amabile, Salix purpurea var. japonica, Weigela subsessilis, Aster koraiensis and based on the list of the rare plants by the Forest Research Institute, 5 taxa were recorded in the studied areas: Lilium distichum (Preservation priority order; No. 159), Tricyrtis dilatata (No. 97), Iris ensata var. spontanea (No. 197), Aristolochia contorta (No.151), Viola albida (No. 202). Specific plant species by floral region were a total of 48 taxa; Prunus yedoensis in Class V, 2 taxa, as Carex arenicola, Wistaria floribunda in Class IV, 4 taxa, Spiraea salicifolia, Thea sinensis, Asperula lasiantha, etc. in Class III, 8 taxa, as Lilium distichum, Iris ensata var. spontanea, Acer triflorum, etc. in Class II, 33 taxa, as Camptosorus sibiricus, Orixa japonica, Lonicera praeflorens, etc. in Class I. The naturalized plants in this site were 16 families, 40 genera, 48 species, 2 varieties, 50 taxa and the naturalization rate was 8.1% of all 615 taxa vascular plants. As a conservation measure, there needs to be controls on the imprudent development and excessive visitors and a detailed plan like nature the rest of the year.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.247-255
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• 2015

The cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae) infests citrus orchards, causing sooty mold damage to the fruits. This study was conducted to investigate the colonizing route of A. gossypii in citrus orchards in a non-heating plastic-film house during the early season. The overwintering eggs of the aphids are frequently found on summer shoots of the citrus trees. The eggs were mostly those of Aphis citricola, without any A. gossypii when hatched. The colonization of citrus trees by alate A. gossypii in non-heating plastic-film houses was mainly observed twice, with advanced flight in late April and delayed flight in late May. The delayed flight was synchronized with the timing of the emergence of alate A. gossypii from the fundatrix generation in the holocyclic life cycle. During advanced flight in closed citrus orchards, alate A. gossypii were caught in yellow water traps installed in the fields, and the populations were found to originate from the surviving populations of the anholocyclic life cycle. Consequently, we concluded that citrus tree colonization with A. gossypii occurred during the advanced flight of the anholocyclic and the delayed flight of the holocyclic life cycle.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.135-144
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• 2010

This study intended to investigate environmental factors including soil and vegetation in order to understand the environmental and ecological characteristics of four different habitats of Abelia tyaihyoni. These habitats, according to investigations, are mostly located at elevations of 203 m to 297 m with angles of inclination ranging from 9 degrees to 17 degrees. The litter depth of habitats is 2 cm to 5 cm. A total of 113 vascular plant taxa are identified in seven quadrates of the four habitats. The life form of 113 species is H-$D_4$-$R_5$-e type. The importance value of Abelia tyaihyoni is 39.61%, and 4 highly ranked species such as Quercus dentata (6.27%), Spiraea blumei, Spiraea prunifolia for. simpliciflora (4.04%) and Ulmus davidiana var. japonica (3.84%) are considered to be an affinity with Abelia tyaihyoni in their habitats. The dominant species of woody plants in the four habitats are represented as Pinus densiflora (21.22%) and Quercus dentata (16.82%) in the subtree layer (T2), and Carex humilis var. nana (18.95%) and Carex lanceolata (17.63%) in the herbaceous layer (H). The degree of their average species diversity is 1.42, and that of dominance and evenness are 0.07 and 0.86, respectively. The type of soil is sandy loam, clay loam and loam, and the average field capacity of soil is 22.49%. Their average organic matter is 9.39%, soil pH 6.75, and available phosphorus is $1.23 {\mu}g/g$.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.447-458
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• 2006

The resource plants at the Manduksan and Mireukbong was listed 550 taxa: 107 families, 339 genera, 481 species, 1 subspecies, 65 varieties and 3 forms. Among 550 taxa listed was confirmed 323 taxa of edible plants (58.7%), 384 taxa of medicinal plants (69.8%), 267 taxa of ornamental plants (48.5%) and 268 taxa of the others (48.7%). Based on the list of the rare plants by the Forest Research Institute, 4 taxa were recorded in the studied areas; Lilium distichum (Preservation priority order: No. 159), Tricyrtis dilatata (No. 97), Aristolochia contorta (No. 151), Prunus yedoensis (No. 110) and based on the list of Korean endemic plants, 11 taxa were recorded; Cephalotaxus koreana, Carex okamotoi, Lilium amabile, Populus tomentiglandulosa, Salix purpurea var. japonica, Pseudostellaria multiflora, Prunus yedoensis, Forsythia koreana, Paulownia coreana, Weigela subsessilis, Aster koraiensis. Specific plant species by floral region were total 30 taxa; Prunus yedoensis in class V, Wistaria floribunda in class IV, 3 taxa (Spiraea salicifolia, Acer palmatum, Asperula lasiantha) in class III, 3 taxa (Potentilla dickinsii, Viola tokubuchiana var. takedana, Caryopteris incana) in class II, 22 taxa (Pinus koraiensis, Hosta capitata, Chloranthus japonicus, Salix glandulosa, Juglans mandshurica, etc.) in class I. This site needs urgent countermeasures, because there have increased many man-made damages like planting exotic plants, picking wild plants and soil compaction induced by human trampling.