• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.35-40
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• 2007

As a way of improving the safety of the chemical facilities, the risk based-inspection(RBI) was executed for the facilities of the applied petrochemical plant using KS-RBI Ver. 3.0 program developed based on the API-581 based resource document(BRD). From an evaluation result of KS-RBI program, we could find the evaluation of the process safety management(PSM) for the applied plant, risk of the applied process, risk of static facilities and pipes, and the demage mechanism of the facilities. Also, we could suggest a proper inspection plan(frequency and method of inspection) using the calculated risk and the status of the facilities. Therefore, the applied plant could be achieved a reduced inspection cost by an extension of inspection frequency, improved productivity, improved reliability of the facilities, and a computerized history management.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.593-601
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• 2020

Two-dimensional laboratory experiments were conducted in a wave flume to investigate the wave transmission phenomena of impermeable-type submerged structures armored by concrete blocks. Different experimental conditions were included by considering relative crest depth, relative freeboard, relative crest width, wave steepness, and so on. An empirical formula was proposed to predict the wave transmission coefficients over various specifications and structural designs of the impermeable submerged structure from the experimental results. The proposed formula successfully predicted the wave transmission coefficients. Therefore, in this study, the proposed empirical formula of the wave transmission over an impermeable submerged structure was improved from the existing formula.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.263-272
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• 2001

Recently, some attempts to construct slit caisson-type breakwaters are made in Korea. Since slit caisson-type breakwaters are suitable for relatively deep sea areas, a lot of theoretical and experimental researches have been performed. In this study, the reflection characteristics of vertical slit caisson breakwaters are investigated based on the measured data in two-dimensional hydraulic model tests with irregular waves. The experiments were conducted for various cases; variation of porosity of perforated-wall, width of wave chamber, number of slits for single-and double-chamber, respectively. It is found that in the case when the wave steepness (H/L$_{s}$ ) is small, the reflection coefficients are large. The existing researches have shown that the wave reflection is minimized when the nondimensional width of wave chamber B/L is about 0.2~0.25 for the regular waves. However, for the irregular waves the reflection is lowest when $B/L_2$, is 0.13~0.15. For a same porosity condition, the wave dissipation is stronger as the width of s1it is larger. The double-chamber caisson is superior to single- chamber caisson in the wave dissipating effects.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.10 no.3 s.32
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• pp.13-19
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• 2006

As a way of improving the safety of the facilities, the risk based-inspection (RBI) was executed for the chemical facilities by using K-RBI program, which has been developed based on the API-581 based resource document (BRD). As the result of the evaluation, we found the level of the process safety management (PSM) for the applied plant, quantitative risk of the applied process, risk of static facilities and pipes, and the damage mechanism of the facilities. Thus, we could suggest a proper inspection frequency using the calculated risk of the process and the status of the facilities. The applied plant achieved a reduced inspection cost by an extension of the inspection frequency, improved productivity, improved reliability of the facilities, and a computerized history management.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.53-60
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• 2009

For the case of the facilities using utilities such as cooling water and steam, risk of the facilities is zero because the consequence of failure (COF) through equipment damage area is zero. Therefore, to improve the estimation method of the risk by COF through equipment damage area in the risk-based inspection (RBI), this study developed the procedures of RBI, in which the risk was estimated by COF through financial loss. And, the RBI program (KS-RBI Ver 3.1) was developed to establish inspection interval based on the risk of the facilities estimated by COF through equipment damage area and financial loss, simultaneously, and the developed RBI program was applied to a petrochemical process. As a result, risks of the facilities estimated by COF through financial loss were similar to risks by COF through the equipment damage area. But, for the case of the facilities using utilities or expensive facilities, the estimation method of the risk by COF through financial loss was more accurate than through equipment damage area.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.224-230
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• 2011

For developing high performance fuel cell, peripheral devices and key components have to be studied in priority. In this study, centrifugal pump was studied for heat recovery. For PEM fuel cell system, a four-impeller centrifugal pump was designed, tested and compared with result of commercial product (IWAKI). In addition, effects of number of impeller were analyzed by CFD. The experiment and analysis were progressed in the same conditions. The results showed the quantitative difference under 30% between the numerical and the experimental pressure difference and mass flow rate.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.322-334
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• 2007

This study covers the investigation of the actual condition in the workplace to produce plastics products using synthetic resins and the investigation on the trends amount of the domestic production of thermoplastic resins. To analyze the monomers included in thermoplastic resins frequently used in the workplace, we analyzed thermal characteristics for test compounds using thermogravimetric analysis and did the qualitative analysis using Pyrolyzer GC-MSD & TDS GC-MSD. And then we classified the health hazard of monomers based on GHS classification criteria using information toxicity & carcinogenicity. The number of the workplace to produce plastics products among all domestic manufacturers of 73,884 was 4,391 (5.94%). The number of workers to produce plastics products among all workers of 2,522,750 in all domestic manufacturers was 104,971 (4.16%). The amount of production per year for thermoplastic resins is in the order of PP, HDPE, LDPE, PVC, ABS, PS and such compounds was producing over 1 Million ton per year each. The classification result based on GHS classification criteria for 22 main compounds included thermoplastic resins says 2 compounds of acrylonitrile, naphthalene are in Acute oral category 3 and benzene is in Acute dermal category 1. The classification results of health hazard of carcinogenicity based on IARC & ACGIH carcinogen classification says 2 compounds of benzene, vinyl chloride are in category 1A (known to be human carcinogens).

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.370-380
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• 2009

Reliable hazard and risk communication is needed to prevent the safety accident & occupational disease through right use of chemicals and MSDS(Material Safety Data Sheet) is mainly used as such a tool of communication. MSDS policy has been put into effect in order to prevent the safety accident & occupational disease through right use of chemicals and fulfill workers' right to know. If information on MSDS lacks reliability due to its inaccuracy, prevention of the various effects related with environmental safety & health in advance is not possible to achieve. The most essential thing regarding authoring MSDS is to exactly evaluate the composition and ingredients of the chemical and include reliability-guaranteed information. Therefore, in this study reliability was evaluated on MSDSs in 15 aromatic hydrocarbons(benzene, toluene, xylene, etc.) manufacturers and ways to secure reliability of MSDS were suggested. The results showed 93.5% of composition agreement rate and 89% of reliability on each section in MSDSs. In order to curb MSDSs with low reliability, examination on CBI(confidential business information) in MSDS, certification of MSDS, collection and verification of MSDS are suggested.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.3-15
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• 1998

The consequence analysis for jet and flash fire accidents by the continuous release of butane vapor was performed and effects of process variables on consequences were analyzed in standard conditions. For the continuous release (87.8 kg/s) of butane vapor at 8m elevated height in the debutanizing process of the naphtha cracking plant operating at 877 kPa, 346.75 K, we found that for the jet fire accident, shape and size of the flame could be predicted and thermal radiation estimated by API model at 200m distance from release point was 1.5kW/$m^2$, and that for the flash fire accident, effect range was 11.2~120.2m. Also, simulation results showed that effects of operating pressures on consequences were larger than those of operating temperatures and results of accidents were increased with increasing operating pressures. At this time, effects of operating pressures on XUFL were smaller(about 1/10) than those on XLFL for the flash fire accident.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.131-139
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• 2009

It is critical to select the appropriate type of tower cranes for the construction of super tall buildings. However the selection is often made based on subjective personal experiences due to the lack of historical and analytical data. As a result, planning mistakes and efficiency errors sometimes occur. This research is to develop a system of hoisting analysis for appropriate tower crane selection and to provide a flexible statistical model based on the Burj Dubai project. In addition, this system hassupporting functions that can estimate the target construction period per floor, and a decision-making construction period computation method which is based on the characteristic of the selected tower cranes.