• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.909-918
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• 2012

The phenolic compounds which were extracted with 70% ethanol from Ulmus pumila for 12 hr were the highest as $17.9{\pm}1.0\;mg/g$. DPPH scavenging activity of 70% ethanol extracts was also the highest as $89.5{\pm}1.9%$ and it was confirmed to be high as 80% over in both of water and 70% ethanol extracts containing $50{\mu}g/mL$ over phenolic concentration. ABTS radical cation decolorization activities of water and 70% ethanol extracts were higher as $96.8{\pm}2.9%$, antioxidant protection factor (PF) was 2.0 PF in 70% ethanol and showed higher activities in both of water and 70% ethanol extracts containing $200{\mu}g/mL$ phenolic concentration as 2.5 PF than BHA. TBARs of 70% ethanol extracts was $86.5{\pm}4.6%$, it showed high anti-oxidative activity in $50{\sim}200{\mu}g/mL$ phenolic concentrations of water and 70% ethanol extracts as 80% over. The angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity of Ulmus pumila extracts against hypertension was 77.4% and 90.6% in water and 70% ethanol extracts of $200{\mu}g/mL$ phenolic concentration. Xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity of Ulmus pumila extracts for anti-gout effect was not observed in water extracts, but it showed 30% inhibitory activity in 70% ethanol extracts, and 48.1% at $200{\mu}g/mL$ phenolics concentration.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.49-54
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• 2008

The concentration of total phenolic compounds of the water extracts and 80% ethanol extracts form Portulaca oleracea were 3.05 ${\mu}g/ml$ and 6.33 ${\mu}g/ml$, respectively. The total antioxidant activities of water extracts and 80% ethanol extracts of Portulaca oleracea were 89.2% and 72.9% in DPPH assay, 69.0% and 96.5% in ABTS assay, antioxidant protection factor of the water and 80% ethanol extracts were each 2.73 PF and 3.63 PF. Tyrosinase inhibitory activities were water extracts and 80% ethanol extracts of Portulaca oleracea were 20.2% and 38.7%. Portulaca oleracea showed high antimicrobial activites against Helicobater pylori, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Eschericia coli and Streptococcus mutans. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) on Helicobacter pylori, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escheichia coli and Streptococcus mutans were 200, 50, 100, 100 and 150 ${\mu}g/ml$, respectively. The result suggest that Portulaca oleracea extracts may be useful as potential source as antioxidant and antimicrobials.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.46-52
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• 2016

Nanoparticles have been studied as therapeutic and imaging agents for the early detection and cure of cancer, Cancer Theranostics. Nanoparticles were considered to effectively target cancer cells due to Enhanced Permeability and Retention (EPR) effect and most nanoparticles have been evaluated by using spherical shapes. However, the problem that the EPR effect is not so effective for human cancer therapy was recently brought up. Therefore, in this study, we suggest novel discoidal nanoparticles to overcome this problem, focusing on their manufacturing process and quality control. Herein, we demonstrate the improved manufacturing method of discoidal nanoparticles and their potential to apply to MCF 7, human breast cancer treatment.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.193-208
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• 2018

In order to interpret rock slope safely and effectively, the mechanical properties of the rock must be carefully investigated. However, due to the limitations of clinometer usage, a new measure of measurement is required to complement these limitations. In this study, a measuring device was developed to analyze the characteristics of joint orientation, and to apply the orientation of joint to the field. The developed measuring equipment is divided into analysis software and hardware. The hardware was composed of a measuring module that measures the joint orientation of rock and a transport module that transmits the measurement data. The software was developed to analyze the orientation of the joint from the data obtained from the measuring module and is named Drone Joint Orientation Survey Measurement. The developed measuring equipment was well field capable if it could not be measured by the inspector, such as in areas where access was difficult, and was capable of effectively analyzing the lab test results for the orientation of the joint.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.268-275
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• 2013

To evaluate the effects of submerged aerators installed at Chudong and Muneui areas in Daechung Reservoir on improvement of water quality and reduction of algal bloom, the water quality was monitored at the effected and control areas at the time of operation. The water temperature and concentrations of dissolved oxygen, total phosphorus, and total nitrogen in depth at the effected and control areas were not different each other, indicating the submerged aerators at these areas are not effective for circulation of water body and reduction of nutrients. In warmer season, the concentrations of total phosphorus in deep water, which was probably released from contaminated sediment or inflowed from watershed, was high. To decide the operation of aerators in this season, the concentration of total phosphorus in water should be considered because the dispersed phosphorus by operation of aerators can enhance the algal growth.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.91-99
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• 2018

Mechanical Properties of Rock Slope as a safe and effective interpretation should be thoroughly investigated. Clinometer, however, this new measurement due to the restrictions of the research for the joint orientation is needed. In this study, characteristics of the joint orientation can be used to analyze the joint orientation of developing a joint survey system that can be applied to the field. The system is developed and Analysis software to hardware. Hardware is composed to measure the joint orientation of measuring module, measuring the transfer of data transfer module. From the software is measuring module from the data to analyze the orientation of the joint development, and drone joint orientation survey system named. Can not be measured by the investigation, including regional development approach is a system that has been difficult if the Field Application of the lab test results of the joint orientation and effectively.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.65 no.4
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• pp.397-403
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• 2022

Smilax sieboldii is one of the Smilax species. A number of Smilax plants have long been used in traditional medicine in the tropics and subtropics worldwide. Repeated dose oral toxicity test is an essential experiment for toxicity evaluation before efficacy evaluation. The purpose of this study is to evaluate toxicity and the no-observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) using oral administration of Smilax sieboldii extract (SSE) in male and female ICR mice for 4 weeks. SSE was orally administered daily for 4 weeks at a dose of 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/kg/day (MPK). There were no significant differences in mortalities, clinical signs, body weight changes, food intake, hematological analysis, serum clinical chemistry test and relative organ weights in all animals administrated with SSE. The results obtained in this study suggest that SSE did not show any toxic effect in ICR mice and the NOAEL of SSE was regarded as over 2000 MPK.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.1520-1527
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to confirm the effect by case management and durability of the effect, which targeted on the 115(51 men and 64 women) people who had undergone diabetes case management through the National Health Insurance Corporation from May 1. 2007 to June 30. 2007. In order to evaluate the effect of case management and durability, the study was examined just before the case management, right after case management, after 6 months and after 12 months through classifying case management 1(Group I) and case management 2(Group II). As a result, the participants' blood glucose level in the diabetes case management improved just after the case management compare to just before one. but it had a tendency to increase once more after 6 months and 12 months case management. In addition, it was confirmed to maintain the effect by the case management in Group II compare to Group I.

• Proceedings of the International Union of Geodesy And Geophysics Korea Journal of Geophysical Research Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.17-17
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• 2003

한반도에 있어서의 지진의 영향을 분석하기 위해서는 강지진동 연구가 필수적이다. 강지진동 자료가 부족한 한반도의 특성상 모사를 통해 연구하고 있다. 강지진동 분석을 하기 위해서는 되도록 노이즈가 포함되어 있지 않은 지진파자료를 선택하여 그 지진자료의 스펙트럼 분석을 통해 감쇠상수 k, Q 등을 구한다. 이러한 감쇠상수 값을 통해 한반도의 진동 특성을 이해할 수 있다. 그러나 감쇠상수를 구하는 과정에서 감쇠상수 분석에 사용된 지진자료에 노이즈가 더해졌을 경우, 어떤 형태로 스펙트럼 영역에 영향을 미치고, 감쇠상수에는 어떤 영향을 미치는 지를 연구하여 노이즈효과를 제거할 수 있는 최적화된 분석에 관한 연구가 선행되어야 한다고 본다. 따라서 이번 연구에서는 강지진동 모사프로그램을 가지고 노이즈효과를 적용하면서 감쇠상수에 노이즈가 어떤 영향을 미치는 지에 대한 수치 해석적 연구를 실시하였다. 합성지진파에 이 합성지진파와 전혀 다른 주파수 형태를 보이는 노이즈를 강도를 달리하면서 합성해 본 결과, 노이즈효과를 고려할 수 있는 몇 가지 요소가 있음을 알 수 있었다. 감쇠상수 k값을 강지진동 모사프로그램으로부터 값을 달리하며 합성해 본 결과 노이즈효과를 보이는 것을 알 수 있었으며, 감쇠상수 k를 선형회귀를 통해 $k_{s}$ 와 $k_{q}$를 구할 때의 적용 주파수 범위를 변화시켰을 때도 일정한 양상의 노이즈 효과를 보였다. 또 지진자료와 노이즈를 중첩시킨 지진파 시계열 자료의 정부분만을 감쇠상수 k를 구하는 선형회귀에 이용했을 경우에도 노이즈 효과를 보였다. 또한 계산되어 나온 감쇠상수 값으로부터 특정지역의 지반운동의 특성을 이해할 수 있는 스펙트럼 가속도, 최대 가속도, 및 최대속도 값에 따른 감쇠식을 구하였다. 이것을 한반도와 같은 판 내부 환경인 ENA 값과 비교하였으며 기존의 연구와도 비교하였다.심으로부터 지오이드까지의 거리, 지오이드로부터 지표까지의 거리를 정의해주었으며, 각 격자점의 수직구조를 정의하기 위해 깊이에 따른 각 매질의 밀도, P파의 속도, S파의 속도, P파에 대한 Q값, S파에 대한 Q값을 정의 해주었다. S파의 속도를 구하기 위해서 지구 내부 물질을 포아송 매질이라는 가정 하에, 관계식을 $Vp{\;}={\;}SQRT(3){\;}{\times}{\;}Vs$ 이용하였다. 획득한 모델치들을 이용해 동해와 동해 인근 지역에 대한 초기모델을 구축하였다. 약 1 × 10/sup 6/ e/sup -//sec·n㎡ 의 전자선량에 해당되며 이를 기준으로 각각의 illumination angle에 대한 임계전자선량을 평가할 수 있었다. 실질적으로 Cibbsite와 같은 무기수화물의 직접가열실험 시 전자빔 조사에 의해 야기되는 상전이 영향을 배제하고 실험을 수행하려면 illumination angle 0.2mrad (Dose rate : 8000 e/sup -//sec·n㎡)이하로 관찰하고 기록되어야 함을 본 자료로부터 알 수 있었다.운동횟수에 의한 영향으로써 운동시간을 1일 6시간으로 설정하여, 운동횟수를 결정하기 위하여 오전, 오후에 각 3시간씩 운동시키는 방법과 오전부터 6시간동안 운동시키는 두 방법을 이용하여 품질을 비교하였다. 각 조건에 따라 운동시킨 참돔의 수분함량을 나타낸 것으로, 2회(오전 3시간, 오후 3시간)에 나누어서 운동시키기 위한 육의 수분함량은 73.37±2.02%를 나타냈으며, 1회(6시간 운동)운동시키기 위한 육은 71.74±1.66%을 나타내었다. 각각의 운동조건에서 양식된 참돔은 사육초기에는 큰 변화가 없었으나, 사육 5일 이후에는 수분함량이 증가하여 15일에는 76.40±0.14, 75.62±0.98%의 수분함량을 2회와 1회 운동시킨 참돔의 육에서 각각 나타났다. 운동횟수에 따른 지

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.50 no.11
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• pp.745-758
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• 2017

The copula-based models have been successfully applied to hydrological modeling including drought frequency analysis and time series modeling. However, uncertainty estimation associated with the parameters of these model is not often properly addressed. In these context, the main purposes of this study are to develop the Bayesian inference scheme for bivariate copula functions. The main applications considered are two-fold: First, this study developed and tested an approach to copula model parameter estimation within a Bayesian framework for drought frequency analysis. The proposed modeling scheme was shown to correctly estimate model parameters and detect the underlying dependence structure of the assumed copula functions in the synthetic dataset. The model was then used to estimate the joint return period of the recent 2013~2015 drought events in the Han River watershed. The joint return period of the drought duration and drought severity was above 100 years for many of stations. The results obtained in the validation process showed that the proposed model could effectively reproduce the underlying distribution of observed extreme rainfalls as well as explicitly account for parameter uncertainty in the bivariate drought frequency analysis.