• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.25 no.10
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• pp.185-191
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• 2020

This article proposes the unified an arm's length price of transfer pricing for thin capitalization since the scope of permanent establishment has been enlarged under Digital Economy and the implementation of Blackchain system to resolve the drawback of finding an arm's length price. The rule of current thin capitalization runs against the non-discrimination of taxation of the tax treaties and the national treatment which deals fairly with goods, sercice and capital money within the country under the treaty of commerce and navigator. In addition, the information of comparable uncontrolled debt are not available of current system to prove the debt which is not subject to the rule of thin capitalization. The united an arm's length price of transfer pricing for thin capitalization can apply to foreign investment as well as domestic corporations, thereby resolving the problem of the non-discrimination of taxation of the tax treaties and the treaty of commerce and navigation. The availability of transaction level data through Blockchain platform to decide whether the debt can be subject to thin capitalization can resolve the issue of comparable uncontrolled debt transaction which can't be found in current business transactions. This article should shed light on the proposing of the unified an arm's length price of transfer pricing for thin capitalization and Blockchain system to prevent the income shifting. This propose provide implication for policymakers on current system of thin capitalization and arm's length principles.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.12 no.12
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• pp.389-399
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to explore the domestic and overseas home modification policies, and review the direction of domestic home modification policies to enable 'Aging In Place; AIP' and the competencies required of occupational therapist as and expert in home modification. In order to expand occupational therapy for domestic home modification and strengthen occupational therapist competency, it is required to establish a clear and practical home modification process that reflects the design and intervention of occupational therapy. Appropriate selection and standardization of the evaluation tools that identifies the needs of the elderly and reflects the characteristics of domestic housing types are also required. In addition, it is necessary to understand policies and systems, and endeavour to establish a relevant knowledge base for communication and cooperation with experts in other fields. In terms of the policy, there is a need for the home modification support system that allows the elderly to adapt to their aging regardless of their income level, beyond the existing support system, which was implemented mainly for low-income people and disabled. In addition, as in overseas cases, the efforts need to be made to provide various and efficient measures, such as support for barrier-free housing, expansion of the scope of support through cooperation between the national government and local governments, low-interest loans and tax reductions, and establishment of governance with organizations and institutions related to home modification services.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.524-533
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• 2020

The free-trade-zone system has been implemented in industrial-complex-type free-trade zones with a focus on the manufacturing industry since 1970, and was intended to attract foreign investment and increase trade by providing benefits such as tax reduction and deregulation to tenant companies. However, foreign investment in these industrial-complex-type free trade zones has decreased significantly. On the other hand, port-type free-trade zones have great potential to attract foreign investment for development due to the increase in port traffic. The developmental trends in the free-trade-zone system have been studied primarily in the manufacturing industry, and those studies must be extended. In this paper, the role and operation of free-trade zones are examined and problems highlighted. We analyzed a business model specialized in port-type free-trade zones to identify problems, propose measures to improve the system for re-exporting domestic goods to the customs area for storage, and upgrade overall operations. The effects of our measures were analyzed by simple simulation. These proposed improvements in the operation of port-type free-trade zones will help attract foreign companies to these international logistics hubs and global delivery centers.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.55-88
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• 2003

When the definition of income and the equivalence scale was applied just as it was in the LIS (Luxembourg Income Study), the adjusted disposable income inequality calculated by Gini coefficients in Korea was 0.358 for the year 2000. Compare to the 1996 figure of 0.298 the increase of income inequality has skyrocketed. In addition, the adjusted market income inequality increased from 0.302 in 1996 to 0.374 in 2000. The disposable income inequality ranked the third and the market income inequality ranked at the mid level in 2000 among OECD countries. One significant finding in this paper was that the difference between the disposable income inequality and market income inequality in Korea is very small compared to those of other OECD countries. The relative poverty ratio, which is calculated by using 40% of the medium income bracket of the disposable income was calculated at 7.6% in 1996 and 11.5% in 2000. The poverty ratio in 2000 for Korea ranked one of the highest in OECD countries, also.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.169-184
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• 2020

Purpose - This research is intended to analyze the current status and problems of tax benefits in the R&D sector and suggest ways to improve tax credit for research and manpower development expenses when various countries fiercely develop efforts to enhance national competitiveness through increased investment in R&D Design/methodology/approach - This study will examine the current status of the tax support system for domestic and foreign R&D, and suggest improvement measures to expand research and development activities in the future. Findings - First, a plan may be considered to abolish and perpetuate the sunset deadline for tax credit for research and manpower development expenses as in the case of the United States and Japan. This perpetuation can be a proactive measure to actively support long-term R & D investment in companies facing economic decisions under uncertainty. Second, it should be revised to raise the tax credit rate of large corporations, which are shrinking every year, compared to SMEs, so that both large corporations and SMEs can improve their international competitiveness and secure excellent technologies through R & D. Finally, the target technologies for each new growth engine and source technology should be expanded to various fields, including national cybersecurity enhancement technology, aviation engine technology, carbon emission and global cooling technologies, which are areas of interest in major overseas R&D countries, to help active R&D and investment in these areas. Research implications or Originality - This study can find a contribution in comparing and analyzing the national R&D tax support system and presenting improvement measures at a time when the benefits of tax credit for research and manpower development expenses of large companies are decreasing due to frequent tax law revisions and the government's factors of increasing tax revenues. In addition, recent research and development items and research technologies of foreign countries were analyzed by Nature's top 10 major science and technology issues, and advanced technologies that should be applied to target technology areas by new growth engine and source technology were specifically investigated and presented.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.123-149
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• 2003

The paper examines the effects of tax incentives on corporate R&D expenditures. We regress tax incentives and financial variables on the increase or the level of corporate R&D expenditures. Tax incentive variables are the magnitude of R&D tax credit and the level of reserve for R&D, while financial variables are the amount or increase of R&D expenditures in prior years, profitability, cash flows and Tobin Q. Sample firms are selected among the listed companies which reported R&D expenditures in the financial statements from 1995 to 2000. The results indicate that increase and level of R&D expenditures is positively influenced by the magnitude of R&D tax credit and the level of reserve for R&D. The amount of R&D expenditures has positive relationship with prior one-year R&D expenditures, while the increase of R&D expenditures has negative relationship with prior year increase and recent three year's average of R&D expenditures. The evidence is consistent to the hypothesis and results of other studies, which suggest that tax incentives for R&D encourage the corporate R&D expenditures.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.183-202
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• 2014

The time-lag effect of the policy was analyzed focusing on the financial subsidies which are the incentive for attracting the foreign direct investment for the Korean industries from 2007 to 2012. The analysis results show that Korea's policy for attracting the foreign direct investment has the time leg of 2 or 3 years after the implementation of the policy. If the goal is to attract the foreign investment or introduce the advanced industrial technologies, the tax reduction system would be better. However, if the goal is to get the short term effects such as job creation or regional development, the direct subsidy or the financial support (financing) or the lexicographic characteristics of the policy for foreign investment would be more effective for attracting the foreign investment. Accordingly, the Korea's policy for attracting the foreign direct investment should be focused on the realistic policies such as direct subsidies or financial support (financing) rather than the tax reduction system.

• The Journal of Korean Institute for Practical Engineering Education
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.99-107
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to develop a Industrial Professional Practice(IPP) at university education as a way of innovation strategy in order to effectively respond industrial needs in dynamic environment. A Industrial Professional Practice model was developed by using a structured on the job training model and had a 7 steps which were "planning Industrial Professional Practice, selecting enterprises and students, matching enterprises and students, job analysis, design and development program, implementation, evaluation and feedback. Based on the Industrial Professional Practice model, the directions for the future studies was discussed.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.10 no.11
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• pp.1285-1296
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• 2015

As examples of the region's transition to quasi-public goods a previous stage of full public goods also extremely limited in research. However, in this way can it compensate for this paper as a system to minimize moral hazard by electronic information and communication systems focused on safety in accordance with the methods and gave public goods introduction of grafting of electronic information systems played the Yeosu area to specific cases I went to the deployment.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.68.2-68.2
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• 2011

KVN은 2008년말에 3 대의 망원경 구축을 완료하고, 2009년에는 22/43 GHz 수신기를 각 망원경에 설치하였으며, 2009년말부터는 이 망원경들을 이용한 단일안테나 연구관측 및 VLBI 시험관측에 착수하였다. 2010년에는 86 Hz 수신기 1 대를 도입하였고, 129 GHz 수신기의 경우 믹스 개발을 완료한 후 현재 수신기 1대를 조립하고 있다. 적어도 1 set의 86/129 Hz 수신기가 금년 내에 연세망원경에 설치되어 시험관측이 수행될 예정이다. 2010년에는 또한 안테나의 크래딩 작업을 완료하여 지향성을 개선하였으며, 단일 안테나 연구관측 결과를 논문으로 생성하기도 하였다. 2011년말부터는 VLBI 연구관측에 착수할 예정이며, 관측시간의 50 %를 일본의 VERA와 공동관측에 활용할 예정이다. 2010년말에는 동아시아VLBI센터 건물의 건설이 착수되었으며, 2012년 6월경에 완공될 예정이다.