• Water for future
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.81-95
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• 1991

For investigation of the interaction of tide and river flow, the derived equations are solved analytically using the approximation method of perturbation. The convective inertia and nonlinear bottom friction terms are included in the derivations. The harmonic analysis is applied to decompose the complicated interaction of the freshwater discharge with various constituents of tide into its individual interaction with each constituent. In this study, four main constituents(M2, S2, Kl, 01) are included. The relations of dimensionless parameters of the tide, especially the dimensionless damping modulus, are then determined for each solution. The results show that analytical solution of dimensionless damping modulus underestimates the measured value obtained from harmonic analysis. Results of water level obtained by applying the analytical model to a tidal reach of the Keum River in the years 1981 and 1982 show very good agreement with those obtained from the harmonic analysis.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.529-539
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• 1997

The circulations and movement of suspended materials by tidal residual current and seasonal surface wind in the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea are investigated by using a 2-dimensional barotropic model and a particle tracing technique. The tidal residual current is relatively strong around the south and west coast of Korea including the Cheju Island and southern coast of China. The current has a maximum speed of 10 cm/s in the vicinity of Cheju Island with a clockwise circulation. General tendency of the current, however, is to flow eastward along the southern coast of Korea. At the east coast of China from Shanghai to Tunghai, it also shows a eastward flow toward the South Sea of Korea. The anticyclonic circulation formed by wind-driven current and southward current prevails along the coast of Korea in the winter season(from October to April) when northerly wind is dominant. In summer(represented by July), however, the cyclonic circulation appears due to the influence of southerly wind. Suspended materials are advected by tidal residual current and wind-driven current. The long period(ten days) displacement by wind-driven current is bigger than that by tidal residual current. However, the tidal residual current would have the more important role for the advection of the suspended material considering longer period more than several months.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.227-234
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• 2009

Using a finite volume ocean circulation model based on an unstructured grid (FVCOM), we studied the structure of a fresh water bulge that influences on the Region Of Freshwater Influence. Fresh water discharged a river forms a coastal boundary current to the righthand side and a cyclonically circulation freshwater bulge that grows with time. In the middle of the bulge, vertical motions bring fresh water to the bottom. When tidal motions are included, the bulge disappears while the boundary currents becomes wider. Through a simple comparison of areas occupied low salinity water we quantified vertical and horizontal mixing due to the tide and showed that the tidal motion enhances the vertical mixing. During the first few tidal cycles right after the onset of the river discharge, due to tidal excursion the horizontal mixing becomes stronger. The vertical mixing by the tide mixes the fresh water After a certain time the water around the river mouth is well mixed and the horizontal excursion of the fresh water near the river mouth does not have much effect on the horizontal mixing. When there is no tidal motion horizontal mixing is mainly by the inertial instability at the surface and the horizontal mixing becomes stronger over time.

• Journal of the Korean Geosynthetics Society
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.1-9
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• 2020

This study analyzes contaminant movement under transient flow in a rubble mound revetment offshore waste landfill barrier system that prevents contaminant runoff. The barrier system consists of bottom layer and side barrier. For the bottom layer system, impermeable clay layer is used. For the side barrier system, the HDPE barrier sheet (primary element) plays the main role, and the intermediate protection layer (supplementary element) is responsible for the barrier. Seepage, advection, dispersion numerical analysis was carried out using SEEP / W and CTRAN / W programs. As a result, under abnormal conditions considering the fluctuation in tidal range, the volume and direction of the flow velocity vector of the pore water change with time and the dispersion concentration of the contaminant changes. When comparing the case of 2 m tidal range and 8 m tidal range, the larger the tide value, the higher the concentration of contaminant under abnormal conditions. It was found that the rate of change of the concentration of the contaminant changed depending on the change in the tidal range, and as a result, the outflow of the pollutant was smaller than that in the steady flow state.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.313-322
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• 1997

In order to study the seasonal variation of kinetic and potential energy of residual flow field In Suyoung Bay of Korea, we calculated Its energy budget and compared It with the tidal energy there. The potential energy shows the large value In winter and spring and the small one In summer and early autumn when the density stratification Is developed. The kinetic energy of residual flow varies seasonally and the seasonally averaged kinetic energy of residual flow per unit area is 6.4$\times$$10^{-4}ergs s^{-1}cm^{-}2$. It Is mainly governed by the density-driven current with the exception of that In November when the kinetic energy of tide-induced residual current is larger than those of density-driven current and wind-driven current. An averaged traction of the kinetic energy of tide-Induced residual current, wind-driven current and density-driven current, which are the major components of residual flow, is 29.1%, 3.4%, 67.5%, respectively, to the kinetic energy of residual flow, The fraction of kinetic energy of residual flow, potential energy and tidal energy per unit area is 1.0 : 6.7$\times$$10^3$: 8.2$\times$$10^4$ respectively.

• 한국해양학회지
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.19-30
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• 1974

Current observations were carried out in Jinhae Bay area during the period of January to February 1974. The data were synthetically analyzed and the characteristics of the water movement in Jinhae Bay were studied. The water movement in Jinhae Bay area is a reversing tidal current type and the Semi- diurnal tidal current is predominant. The ebb current begins at about high water time and the strongest current occurs at about 3 hour after high water. The flood current begins at 0.2-1.0 hour before low water and the strongest current occurs at about 3-4 hour after low water. The main ebb current flows to SE direction with the maximum welocity, about 100cm/sec and the lood flows to NW with the maximum velocity, about 70cm/sec. Generally, the ebb current in Jinhae Bay is more predominat than the flood current except at the west and the north coast area of Gadeog-do where the flood current is more predominant.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.147-147
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 2003년 태풍 'MAEMI'에 의해 피해를 가장 많이 입은 경남 마산시를 중심으로 폭풍해일 범람도를 작성하였다. 해양과 하천 하류부가 만나는 마산시에서는 해일, 조석, 하천을 동시에 고려해야 하므로 이에 대한 단계적 적용을 통해 범람 중첩효과를 검토하였다. 본 연구에 사용된 수치모델은 네덜란드 Deltares사에서 개발한 준3차원 해수유동 모델 Delft3D이다. Delft3D는 폭풍해일 이외 지진해일, 부유물 이송, 오염물 확산 등 다양한 분야에 적용 가능하며, 파랑, 조석력, 바람에 의한 전단력, 온도, 염도에 의한 밀도류, 대기압 변화, 조간대 모의 등 다양한 영향을 고려할 수 있다. 수치모의시 모델의 안정성과 효율성을 높이기 위해 다중격자기법을 사용(최소 25m 격자)하였으며, 수심 자료는 국토지리정보원 수치지도와 국립해양조사원 수치해도의 수평 수직적 통합을 통해 구성하였다. 태풍 'MAEMI'의 Best Track은 기상청에서 제공하는 3시간 간격의 중심기압, 풍속, 중심위치를 Holland's Model에 적용하여 계산하였다. 조석효과를 고려하기 위해 개방경계에서 TPXO 7.2를 사용한 분조값을 입력하였다. 또한 하천의 흐름을 효과적으로 구현하기 위해 하천 단면에서의 동적 수위경계조건(또는 유량경계조건)을 추가적으로 부여하였다. 수치해석결과, 마산 수위 관측소에서 관측된 태풍 'MAEMI'의 해일고와 유사한 결과가 산출되었다. 범람역 해석결과는 해일, 조석, 하천을 동시적으로 고려하였을 경우에 실제 침수흔적도인 마산시재해침수지도와 가장 유사한 결과를 보였다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.179-187
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• 2018

In order to understand the flow of currents around Aphae Island and the surrounding Archipelago, the numerical model experiments on tidal currents and tide-induced residual currents were carried out. Dominant semidiurnal tidal currents have a reversing form and flow along the narrow channels of the archipelago. During periods of flood, currents flow from the west of Hwawon Peninsula to the archipelago to the northwest together with the currents flowing from the channels at Palgeum Island to Amtae Island and Amtae Island to Jeung Island. Ebb currents flow from the northwest archipelago to the channel of Amtae Island and Jeung Island as well as Amtae Island to Palgeum Island, further flowing south between Palgeum Island and Hwawon Peninsula. Flood currents are separated from east and west at the southern coast of Aphae Island, but flow south from both the west and east of Aphae Island to the channel found between Palgeum Island and Hwawon Peninsula at ebb. Flow speed is high between Amtae Island and Aphae Island where the flows meet and join. Lee wakes or topographical eddies are formed around the islands due to the high speed of the currents flowing along the narrow channel in the archipelago, manifesting as a tide-induced residual current. A weak cyclonic wake and anti-cyclonic eddy both exist at the west and northwestern coast of Aphae Island individually. The speed of the tide-induced residual current become slow on account of the wide littoral zone at exists around Aphae Island.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.562-566
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• 2006

최근 들어 국내에서는 도서지방을 잇는 연육교와 해상구간을 통과하는 대형교량의 건설이 활발히 진행되면서 해상조건에서 발생하는 교량세굴에 대처하기 위한 연구의 중요성이 대두되고 있다. 그러나 아직까지 해상조건의 세굴현상을 파악하기 위한 적절한 세굴평가 기준이 제시되어 있지 않고 대부분 자연 하천교량 기준에 의해 해상교량의 세굴평가가 이루어지고 있는 실정이다. 교량에서 발생하는 세굴 현상은 교량 기초의 안정성에 치명적인 영향을 줄 수 있고 나아가서는 교량의 붕괴 원인이 될 수 있다. 또한 교량기초 지반의 지지력 부족이나 적정피복두께 결여 등의 원인으로 구조적인 문제점을 초래할 수 있다. 해상교량의 경우에는 조석에 의한 왕복류, 파 흐름의 상호작용, 점착성 지반 등 세굴에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 요인들이 복합적으로 작용하므로 교량 건설 전부터 해상조건을 반영한 다각적인 세굴검토가 요구된다. 본 연구는 강한 조석류가 작용하고 넓은 조간대를 형성하고 있는 인천대교의 세굴심을 합리적으로 산정하기 위하여 다학제적인 연구를 시도한 것이다. 본 연구에서는 해상조건의 침식유발특성을 파악하기 위한 연구로서 수치모형 및 수리모형 실험을 수행하고, 지반종류에 따른 침식저항능력을 파악하기 위한 세굴률 실험을 수행하였다. 더불어 인천대교 건설현장에 타설되어 있는 대구경 시험말뚝에 대한 실시간 세굴모니터링을 실시하여 얻은 현장관측 자료를 검증자료로 사용함으로써 종합적인 세굴검토를 통하여 다학제적이고 합리적인 해상교량의 세굴심을 평가하고자 한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers Conference
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• 1996.10a
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• pp.29-33
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• 1996

태풍이 불 때 대기경계층과 해파사이에는 수면의 $C_{D}$ 가 증가하는데 이는 해파만이 아니라 강한 해조류와 해일의 영향을 받게 된다. 따라서 이러한 현상이 파랑이 발달과정에 영향을 주게됨으로 기상외력에 따른 이 과정을 복합한 해파, 조석, 해일모형으로서 접근하는 것이 타당한 방법이다. 현실적으로는 광역의 태풍해파의 모형에 있어서 방대한 자료와 컴퓨터능력을 필요로 하기 때문에 이러한 수치실험은 극히 제한적으로만 이루어졌다(Wu와 Flather, 1992). (중략)