• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2011.07a
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• pp.1372-1373
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• 2011

신재생에너지 발전기는 출력가변성이 크기 때문에 장기 전력수급계획 수립시 발전용량을 얼마로 할 것인가에 대한 불확실성을 내포하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 확률론적 신뢰도 기법에 기반하여 신재생 발전기가 공급신뢰도에 기여하는 용량산정 방법을 제안하고 우리나라 전력수급기본계획에 적용하는 방안을 살펴보았다. 국내 발전설비계획 수립에 사용하는 공급지장확률(LOLP)을 이용하여 신재생 발전기의 공급 신뢰도 기여용량을 산정하고 그 결과를 현재까지 사용해 온 신재생발전기 이용률에 기반한 기여용량 산정결과와 비교하였다. 특히 신재생발전원 중 우리나라에서 많은 부분을 차지하는 풍력 및 태양광에 대하여 용량가치를 산정하였다. 확률적 신뢰도기반 용량가치 산정법은 제5차 전력 수급기본계획 수립시 적용된 바 있으며, 좀 더 정밀한 산정절차를 수립하여 수급계획에 적용할 필요가 있다. 본 연구의 결과는 향후 수급계획 수립에 신재생 발전원의 정확한 용량가치를 산정하는 방식을 선정하는 데 참고자료로 활용될 수 있다.

• Proceedings of the International Microelectronics And Packaging Society Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.157-160
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• 2003

mesocarbon microbeads (MCMB) 카본 분말에 제2상 첨가물로서 소량의 주석산화물$(SnO_2)$을 균일하게 분산 첨가시킴으로서 리튬이차전지의 부극재료로 사용되는 카본 분말의 전지 성능을 개선하였다. 주석산화물 첨가 방법는 전하적정법을 사용하여 Sn을 MCMB 분말에 삽입시키고, 다시 삽입된 Sn이 산화되도록 대기 중에서 $250^{\circ}C$로 1시간동안 후열처리를 하였다. 주석산화물이 첨가된 MCMB 카본분말로 Li/MCMB 전지 cell을 만들어 충방전시험을 수행한 결과, raw MCMB로 만든 전극보다 더 우수한 충방전 용량과 싸이클 특성을 나타내었다. 즉, 주석산화물 삽입에 의해 표면개질된 MCMB 카본 분말은 기존의 MCMB에 비해 높은 초기 방전용량과 충전용량을 나타내었고, 또한 높은 가역 특성과 좋은 cycleability를 보였다. 삽입된 $SnO_2$의 양이 증가할수록 높은 가역용량을 나타내었고 비가역용량 역시 높은 값을 나타내었다.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.486-490
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• 2015

Two-demensional echocardiography is routinely used for evaluation of cardiac function. Visualization of the endocardial border is essential for the assessment of global and regional left ventricular with cardiac disease. SonoVue$^{TM}$ is a microbubble contrast agent that consists of sulfur hexafluoride-filled microbubbles in a phospholipid shell. There were many studies about contrast echocardiographic examination using SonoVue$^{TM}$ contrast agent, and various doses of SonoVue$^{TM}$ were used. To our knowledge, in published veterinary medicine, there was not reported for diagnostic efficient dose of SonoVue$^{TM}$ to evaluate contrast enhanced left ventricular endocardial border delineation (LVEBD). The purpose of this study is to compare the visualization time of LVEBD and find efficient dose of SonoVue$^{TM}$ for using various doses in dogs. Ten healthy Beagles were recruited to the study. Three different doses (0.03 ml/kg, 0.05 ml/kg and 0.1 ml/kg) of SonoVue$^{TM}$ were injected. Endocardial segments were assigned based on previously established methodology, where by the four-chamber views of the LV were divided into 6 segments. In this study, Contrast enhancement of the LVEBD after each injection was evaluated visually at the time point of overall contrast enhancement (Segmental scoring 5+) in the LV by three investigators in a blind manner. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS version 14.0. All data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, the multiple comparison Scheffe test. When data for the three offsite readers were combined, mean durations of useful contrast were $3.54({\pm}2.14)$, $6.15({\pm}2.61)$, and $24.39({\pm}11.10)$ seconds for the 0.03 ml/kg, 0.05 ml/kg, and 0.1 ml/kg SonoVue$^{TM}$ doses, respectively. After injection of contrast agent, there were no significant change in side effects such as urticaria, angioedema, hypersensitivity reactions, and digestive system disorders. This study suggests that efficient dose of SonoVue$^{TM}$ contrast agent for improvement of the left ventricle visualization is 0.1 ml/kg. The duration of useful enhancement of LVEBD and the reproducibility were also the highest at the 0.1 ml/kg dosage.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.251-263
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• 2022

Phase I clinical trial is called 'Dose finding study'. It is first step of experimenting on humans with new drugs developed through animal experiments or vitro experiments. The important area of interest in designing Phase I clinical trial is determining the dose that acceptable level to the patients and provides the greatest efficacy. In this paper, we explain about methods to determine the maximum tolerated dose using various stopping rules. The SM3, NM, Rim, J3, BSM methods are compared through simulation. And we consider how the methods might be reformed. As a result of the simulation, BSM estimated the MTD closest to the target toxicity probability. J3 method required the least number of subjects. These results are due to the feature of the stopping rules of both methods. The BSM adds 2 or 1 subject at the same dose level when there is a toxic reaction. In addition, the J3 method has a smaller number of subjects than the other methods. If the methods are improved by combining these features, MTD can be estimated more efficiently. If the total number of subjects can be reduced while using the stopping rule of the BSM, accurate estimation is possible for a small number of subjects.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.179-187
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• 2011

The purpose of a Phase I clinical trial is to estimate the maximum tolerated dose, MTD, of a new drug. In this paper, the MTD estimation method is suggested by curve fitting the dose-toxicity data to an S-shaped curve. The suggested MTD estimation method is compared with established MTD estimation procedures using a Monte Carlo simulation study.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.1-13
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• 2019

An adaptive seamless Phase II/III clinical trial design enables a reduction in the sample size (in comparison to a conventional design) that also shortens the clinical development time. It is also very effective in clinical trials since it can have higher statistical power than Phase III alone. In this study, we use extensive simulation studies to compare several multiple hypothesis testing methods that can help select the best doses in a Phase II study along with several methods to combine p-values of the Phase II and Phase III study.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1994.04a
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• pp.314-314
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• 1994

대상환자는 15예로, 14예에서 평가 가능하였으며 남녀비는 8:6, 중앙연령 32세(10-70세) 이었고, 대상질환은 악성골옥종 7예, 악성임파종 2예, 위암 2예, 폐암 2예, 그리고 자궁평활근육종 1예였다. rhGM-CSF 50 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m^2$ 3예, 100 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m^2$ 3예, 150 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m^2$ 3예, 250 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m^2$ 3예, 350 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m^2$ 3예, 500 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m^2$ 6예, 700 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m^2$ 용량 3예에서 시행되었다. 1주기 시행한 환자는 7예, 2주기 5예, 3주기, 4주기 각각 1예씩 있다. 부작용은 50-150 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m^2$에서 WHO grade I의 발열, 전신쇠약, 식용부진등이 관찰되었으나 grade II이상의 부작용은 없었다. 250 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m^2$이상의 용량에서도 grade II의 발열이 관찰되었을 뿐 다른 중증의 부작용은 관찰되지 않았다. 최고용량인 700 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m^2$ 에서도 grade II의 발열외의 중한 부작용은 관찰되지 않았다. 각 용량에 따른 백혈구 증가율(%투여제2일/투여제1일)은 130-500% 이었다. rhGM-CSF는 투여 2-4 시간후 혈중최고치 (0.42-15.4 ng/ml)가 관찰되었으며 투여 12시간까지 0.2-2 ng/ml 의 농도가 지속되었다. 소변내 rh GM-CSF 배설량은 총투여량의 1% 미만이었다.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.56 no.3
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• pp.303-308
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• 2018

Silicon/Carbon (Si/C) composite as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries was synthesized to find the effect of binders and an electrolyte additive. Si/C composites were prepared by two step method, including magnesiothermic reduction of SBA-15 (Santa Barbara Amorphous material No. 15) and carbonization of phenol resin. The electrochemical performances of Si/C composites were investigated by charge/discharge, cyclic voltammetry and impedance tests. The anode electrode of Si/C composite with PAA binder appeared better capacity (1,899 mAh/g) and the capacity retention ratio (92%) than that of other composition coin cells during 40 cycles. Then, Vinylene carbonate (VC) was tested as an electrolyte additive. The influence of this additive on the behavior of Si/C anodes was very positive (3,049 mAh/g), since the VC additive is formed passivation films on Si/C surfaces and suppresses irreversible changes.

• Journal of the Korean Electrochemical Society
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.30-38
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• 2002

Disordered carbon and boron-substituted disordered carbons $C_{l-x}B_x(x=0.05,\;0.10,\;0.20)$ were synthesized by Pyrolysis of LPG(liquid Propane gas)and $BCl_3$. Their electrochemical properties as anode materials for Li-ion secondary batteries were then investigated. When PVDF is added to the sample in a weight ratio 5 : 95, the disordered carbon with x=0.00 had the first discharge capacity 374 mAh/g. Its cycling performance was relatively good from the second cycle and it had the discharge capacity 258 mAh/g at the 10th cycle. When PVDF is added to the sample in a weight ratio 5 : 95, the sample with x=0.05 among the samples $C_{l-x}B_x(x=0.05,\;0.10,\;0.20)$ exhibited the largest first discharge capacity 860 mAh/g and discharge capacity 181 mAh/g at the 10th cycle. All the samples had similar cycling performances from the second cycle. The sample $C_{0.90}B_{0.10}$ showed the best electrochemical properties as a anode materials fur Li-ion secondary battery from the view points of the first discharge capacity(853 mAh/g when $10w1.\%$ PVDF is used), cycling performance, discharge capacity(400mAh/g at the 10th cycle when $10wt.\%$ PVDF is used). All the samples showed generally larger charge and discharge capacities when $10wt.\%$ PVDF ratter than $5wt.\%$ PVDF is used. The plateau region in the range of voltage lower than 1.25V becomes larger probably since the structure becomes less disordered by the addition of boron. When boron is added, the charge and discharge capacities decreased suddenly at the second cycle. This may be become only a part of Li are reversibly deintercalated and intercalated and a part of Li which are strongly combined with B are not deintercalated. The increases in charge and discharge capacities are considered to be resulted from the increase in the potential of Li in the boron-added carbons, caused by the strengthening of the chemical bond between the intercalated Li and the boron-carbon host since the boron acts as electron acceptor.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.28-28
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• 2002