• Korean Security Journal
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• no.23
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• pp.1-19
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• 2010

As the world becomes more global, entry simplification measure increases many foreigners' entry and international marriage around the low income countries of southeast Asia. Those are adding multicultural phenomena to Korean society, which has a bad influence on public order environment and leads to side effect in society. Since the 9/11 terror attacks, a sudden increase in the threat of terror has been worldwide. Besides, the threat tends toward New Terrorism and contributes to factor to social malaise in Korea. Therefore, this study examines all the possibilities of hometown terrorism by multiculturalism and suggests measures for it. To achieve this, it is required to lead the people's understanding and national participation for multiculturalism. The mature civic awareness should be given priority over any others, which means the understanding and consideration of various countries' cultures and traditions. It is also necessary to inspect the dangers of hometown terrorism. Furthermore, there should be an urgent need for an institutional device to prevent and suppress terror through a close examination of countermeasures system of terror.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.103-114
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• 2017

Terrorism is a serious problem in that it can infringe on a broad range of legal interests, from individual legal interests to national legal interests. And if these legal values are damaged, it is very unlikely that they will be restored to their original state. Therefore, it is necessary to recognize the importance of preventive activities as well as institutional improvement and alternative policies. The role of the criminal justice authority is of paramount importance in ensuring proactive action and procedural legitimacy. It would be meaningful to look at their perception about terrorism before specific procedures and legal approaches are taken. A Study is related terrorism awareness of police officers - focused on 'Comprehensive Emergency Management Model'. Four phases of Comprehensive Emergency Management Model: mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.25
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• pp.27-61
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• 2010

This study looks at plans for the efficient functions of the current terror response system in Korea. The results are derived from by comparing and analyzing American, British, German, Japanese, and Korean terror response systems. It focuses especially on addressing some problems with Korea's terror response system and how to operate it effectively. The study will systematically compare and analyze each nation's terror countermeasure studying organizational, functional, and legal aspects as standards. This study shows that there is not an exclusive terror response center in Korea compared with other nations such as America, the United Kingdom, Germany, and Japan. Also it is difficult to expect effective and vigorous operations due to weak cooperation across the relevant organizations. The presidential directive of the state's anti-terrorism action guidelines is legally ineffective. This means that on legal grounds, it is difficult to take actions to prevent the terrorism. Therefore, keys to counteracting terrorism derived from this study are summarized below. In the first place, an integrated terror response system should be set up for expansion of information sharing which leads to emergence effect. In the second place, the superior legislative systems should be made for the cleardefinition and extent of what the terror is, rigid enforcement of investigation, immigration, and keeping an eye on the funds raised by terrorists and tracking down the terrorists, the plan for eco-terrorism. In the third place, to augment security of vital facilities and peoples' awareness of terrorism safety should be emphasized and a cooperative system between civil and government organizations need to be built. In the fourth place, system for crisis management must be provided in an effort to maximize management system of terrorism and unify a decentralized emergency countermeasures effectively.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.48
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• pp.211-230
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• 2009

This study aims to trace the main tendency found in Korean broadcasting news coverage of terror throughout the kidnapping of Sun Il Kim. For this purpose, this study analyzed the contents of 386 news stories found in KBS, MBC, and SBS. Through this process, it investigated the main theme and source found in the coverage of kidnapping. In addition, it analyzed how the press described Al Tawhid Al Jihad, known as the organization who kidnapped Mr. Kim and how well the press transmit the social, historical background of terror. As a result, the dominant theme found in three news company was that which dealt with investigations about suspicions about kidnapping and suspicions related to the kidnapping. However, the voice against dispatching armed forces and the demand of terrorist were seldom found in the coverage. The news sources which three broadcasting news depended on heavily was governmental officials and the media including Al Jazeera was also main source. The description of Al Tawhid Al Jihad by the press was somewhat negative and the expression 'militarized forces' were found mostly. The news which announced the social, historical background of terror were minimal, which indicated that the coverage of terror in Korean broadcasting was still episodic.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.62
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• pp.9-33
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• 2020

This study presents aspects of the financing of terrorism using virtual-currencies. Fisrt of all, this introduces the conventional threat of the financing of terrorism and the analysis of current legal system regarding virtual-currency in South Korea. Next, the financing of terrorism cases are analyzed. With given analysis, the paper deals with its response and future extensions by technical and institutional aspects. The threats of the financing of terrorism are going higher after the appearance of virtual-currencies such as Bitcoin. There are two typical ways to use virtual-currencies by terrorist groups. One is to conduct public fund-raising in the social network system and the dark web. The other is to hack into virtual-currency exchange network in order to steal virtual currencies for developing the weapon of mass destruction. Specifically South Korea is top three country of trading virtual currencies and has been subject to virtual-currency hacking more than 10 cases. However, many countries including South Korea deal with virtual currencies as only innovative technology and means of investment, not the threats of the financing of terrorism. Under these circumstances, there a the legal contradiction. This article points this limit and absurdity. Also, it shows reasonable alternatives. All in all, given these aspects, the article proposes detailed policy directions.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.637-647
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• 2020

Airports and civil aviation authorities have recently utilized and expanded the use of biometric technologies to respond proactively against the rapid changes in aviation terrorism due to scientific development. The Global Security Plan (GASeP) developed by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) is regarded as precondition for sustainable development of the global air transport industry. Thus GASeP has sought to improve aviation security system using biometic technologies. The purpose of this paper is to realize the equivalent access of aviation security system throughout the world with biometric technologies. First, this paper reviewed the current biometric-security system operated by the EU, USA and international society. Second, legal and institutional processes regarding personal biometric information were analyzed to suggest political implications. This paper concluded that ICAO should propose a global standardization and prepare guideline materials among its 193 member states to prevent aviation security breaches and to share related information on a real-time basis because time is required to utilize biometric technology to improve aviation safety and to develop global air transport.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.42
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• pp.229-249
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• 2015

As the post-cold war era and globalization go on, national security problems which were not traditional national security problems such as terrorism, crime, environmental disasters, economic crises, cyber-terrorism, diseases, and energy problems threat humanity and nations and demands changes. Also, with the change, the concept of "big government" has emerged as the role of nation expanded. The modern society sees every country change from small government to big government in order to realize the establishment of welfare state. A comprehensive interpretation of security is needed in order to comprehensive protection of citizens beyond outside invasion such as crime, new disaster, terrorism. In Korea, incidents such as Cheonan-Ham, Yeonpeyong-Do, foot-and-mouth disease, Ddos terrorism, pirates hostages, mad cow disease, AI are happening and the humanitarian support for North Korea and the summit of South and North Korea are at a standstill. Also, National emergency management system, comprehensive emergency management center, countrol tower, national security system, cooperation with citizens, establishment of legal and institutional system are needed. The importance of this research is on the reestablishment of new national security and emergency management system according to the comparison between the national security and counter-terrorism system of Korea and that of the United States which is a leading country in this field. Also, the establishment of national emergency management act is needed as a statute for effective function as currently various laws and administrative organizations are dispersed.