• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.403-425
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• 2015

The Chicago Convention and Annexes have become the basis of aviation safety regulations for every contracting state. Generally, the State's aviation safety regulations refer to the Standards and Recommended Practices(SARPs) provided in the Annexes of the Chicago Convention. In order to properly reflect international aviation safety regulations, constant studies of the aviation fields are of paramount importance. This Paper is intended to identify the main differences between korean and foreign regulation and suggest a few amendment proposals on Mixed-fleet Flying(at or more two aircraft type operation) of flight crew. Comparing with these regulations, the korean regulations and implementations have some insufficiency points. I suggest some amendment proposals of korean regulations concerning Mixed-fleet Flying that flight crew operate aircraft of different types. Basically an operator shall not assign a pilot-in-command or a co-pilot to operate at the flight controls of a type of airplane during take-off and landing unless that pilot has operated the flight controls during at least three take-offs and landings within the preceding 90 days on the same type of airplane or in a flight simulator. Also, flight crew members are familiarized with the significant differences in equipment and/or procedures between concurrently operated types. An operator shall ensure that piloting technique and the ability to execute emergency procedures is checked in such a way as to demonstrate the pilot's competence on each type or variant of a type of airplane. Proficiency check shall be performed periodically. When an operator schedules flight crew on different types of airplanes with similar characteristics in terms of operating procedures, systems and handling, the State shall decide the requirements for each type of airplane can be combined. In conclusion, it is necessary for flight crew members to remain concurrently qualified to operate multiple types. The operator shall have a program to include, as a minimum, required differences training between types and qualification to maintain currency on each type. If the Operator utilizes flight crew members to concurrently operate aircraft of different types, the operator shall have qualification processes approved or accepted by the State. If applicable, the qualification curriculum as defined in the operator's Advanced Qualification Program could be applied. Flight crew members are familiarized with the significant differences in equipment and/or procedures between concurrently operated types. The difference among different types of airpcrafts decrease and standards for these airpcrafts can be applied increasingly because function and performance have been improved by aircraft manufacture company in accordance to basic aircraft system in terms of developing new aircrafts for flight standard procedure and safety of flight. Also, it becomes more necessary for flight crews to control multi aircraft types due to various aviation business and activation of leisure business. Nevertheless, in terms of flight crew training and qualification program, there are no regulations in Korea to be applied to new aircraft types differently in accordance with different levels. In addition, it has no choice different programs based on different levels because there are not provisions to restrict or limit and specific standards to operate at or more than two aircraft types for flight safety. Therefore the aviation authority introduce Flight Standardization and/or Operational Evaluation Board in order to analysis differences among aircraft types. In addition to that, the aviation authority should also improve standard flight evaluation and qualification system among different aircraft types for flight crews to apply reasonable training and qualification efficiently. For all the issue mentioned above, I have studied the ICAO SARPs and some state's regulation concerning operating aircraft of different types(Mixed-fleet flying), and suggested some proposals on the different aircraft type operation as an example of comprehensive problem solving. I hope that this paper is 1) to help understanding about the international issue, 2) to help the improvement of korean aviation regulations, 3) to help compliance with international standards and to contribute to the promotion of aviation safety, in addition.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.3-30
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• 2012

In the development process, small and medium-sized enterprises in China have shown their unique features and regularities which are closely related to China's national condition and economic characteristics. But in 2008, because of the global financial crisis which started in the USA, the rate of Chinese export and the rate of economic growth has evidently slowed. Due to shortage of funds, foreign orders fell, increase the value of RMB, lack of talented factors, Chinese SMEs are facing bankruptcy. In this context, the purpose of this study is to examine the effects of domestic and international market environment, the government assistance for entering overseas market, entrepreneur characteristics, etc. on the global performance. Based on these, a research model and some hypotheses were set up and tested by the multiple regression analysis with total 317 effective survey data. The results of this paper are as follows. First, a positive effect relation on the financial performance was shown for the companies with high domestic and international market environment in the aspect of market environment. According to such analysis result, it was found that the market environment in which SMEs belong to is a very important factor. Second, in the aspect of government export assistance related to overseas, market development showed a positive effect relation on the both financial and non-financial performance. However, the direct financial assistance showed a positive effect relation only on the non-financial performance. Overall, it was found that the government assistance program on entering overseas market is having significant effects on SMEs, but direct financial assistance have not achieved the desired results. Third, the innovative-ness and progressiveness of entrepreneur showed a positive effect relation on the global market performance. However, the risk-taking of entrepreneur only showed a negative effect relation on the non-financial performance. Overall, it was found that the entrepreneurship of SMEs is an important and influential factor. This is a result implying that the propensity of taking too much risk is not desirable based on the uncertainty of the global environment market. To sum up, this study confirmed that the market environment, the government assistance and entrepreneur characteristics, which are the major prerequisites of global performance, have effects on global performance.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.25-31
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• 2015

This study investigated the operation criteria of specialized complexes for horticultural production reflecting the farmers' preferences. First, the analysis of the communal activity included six factors: the group purchase of consumables for common activity, group purchase of the greenhouse apparatus, cooperative seed raising, use of a common air conditioning and heating system, cooperative shipping, and soil examination and certification system. The results of the Importance-Performance analysis can be summarized as follows. The factors requiring good management included the group purchase of consumables for common activity, group purchase of the greenhouse apparatus, and cooperative shipping. The factors with a lower priority included cooperative seed raising and the use of a common air conditioning and heating system. While the importance of the soil examination and certification system was low, the satisfaction was high, so this factor needs to be managed to avoid overkill. Second, the analysis of information exchange and education included six factors: production technique information, greenhouse facility management information, distribution-related information, production technique education, greenhouse facility management education, and distribution-related education. The results of the Importance-Performance analysis can be summarized as follows. The factor of production technique education was the most important determinant, plus the factors requiring good management included production technique information, greenhouse facility management information, and distribution-related information. The factors with a lower priority included greenhouse facility management education and distribution-related education. Therefore, to enhance productivity through facility modernization, the scaling up and creation of more specialized horticulture complexes are recommended as policy measures to gain export competitiveness. As the Korean government is expected to expand the scale of specialized horticulture complexes, the results of this paper can be widely utilized.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.1-13
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• 1979

성장발육하는 시기에 영양과 성장하는 아동들의 체위와는 밀접한 관계가 있고 또한 영양부족과 그로 말미암아 자라나는 이학적 소견과도 불가분의 관계가 있기 때문에 그동안 우리나라에서 부분적, 단편적으로 연구 발표된 문헌을 중심으로 그를 검토 고찰하여 보았다. 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 우리나라 아동들이 출생후 6개월까지는 주로 모유에 의존하고, 약간이 인공영양에 의존하고 있는데, 이 시기에는 다른 선진제국의 어린이들의 성장발육과의 별 차이가 없었다. 그러나 이유기인 $6{\sim}30$개월 사이에는 우리나라 어머니들의 이유에 대한 지식이 빈약하고 이들 음식물을 그대로 아기들에게 적용하기 힘든 이유등으로 아이들에게 보급해서 주는 음식물이 빈약함으로 말미암아 다른 선진제국 아이들에 비해서 이 시기에 체위가 많이 떨어지고 빈혈현상을 나타내는 것을 볼 수 있다. 이때 고양군에서 농민의 아동들에 대해서 시행한 영양조사 내용을 보면, 전체 칼로리도 부족되고 특히 단백질, 철분, 칼슘, 비타민 A, B복합제가 전반적으로 부족되는 것을 알았다. 이는 어머니들의 육아와 이유식에 대한 지식의 결집도 중요한 역할을 했겠거니와 더욱더 중요한것은 우리나라 어른들의 식습관이, 민족적 전통적으로 짜고, 매웁고, 딱딱해서 이를 아기들에게 그대로 적응해서 먹이기가 힘든 것도 더 중요한 이유가 된다. 어른들을 위한 음식물에도 맵지 않고, 짜지 않으며, 아기들도 즐겨 먹을 수 있는 유동식 혹은 반유동식으로 된 영양가치가 좋은 음식물을 발전시켜 애용하도록 하는 것이 민족적인 긴급한 과제라고 하겠다. 그렇지 않으면 선진제국 모양으로 이유기에 있는 아이들을 위해서 아이들이 즐겨 먹을 수 있는 이유식을 크게 발전시켜서 이유기의 아이들에게 저렴하게 공급할 수 있는 생산공장과 제도의 마련이 긴급하다고 하겠다. 우리 민족의 체위를 향상 시키는데 영양학자와 영양사들에게 기대 하는 바가 크다. 육아하는 어머니의 교육정도와경제적인 면이 아기 체위에 주는 영향에 대한 연구에서는 교육정도가 높고, 경제적으로 좋은 위치에 있는 엄마가, 교육정도가 낮고 경제적으로 가난한 위치에 있는 어머니보다 아이들 체위에 훨씬 좋게 기를 수 있다는 것을 알았다. 특히 이유기에 들어간 6개월 이후에 체위 격차가 심한 것을 볼 때 보충해 주는 음식물의 적절한 보급이 얼마나 필요한가를 말해 주는 것이며 이에는 어머니의 교양과 열의와 경제적 뒷받침이 얼마나 필요하다는 것을 말해주는 것이다. 지역별로 서울에서 부유층 가정과 학교 아동, 농촌 지역 가정과 학교아동, 강원도 산간지역 가정과 학교 아등으로 나누어서 자라나는 아동들의 체위와 이학적 소친을 연구 조사한 바로는 서울 부유층이 제일 좋고 그 다음이 서울 빈한층, 강원도 산간지역 아동의 순으로 좋았으며 농촌지역 아종은 체위가 가장 떨어졌다. 구각증, 구내염등은 강원도 산간지역 아동에 제일 많고, 다음이 농촌지역, 서울 판자촌지역의 순으로 많으며 서울부유충지역이 가장 적어서 이는 산간일수록 또 는 빈한할수록 등물성단백질이 부족되는 것을 말해 주는 것이다. 지역별 혈색소치는 109gm/100ml 이하인 경우가 서울 빈한층가정 아동에 제일 많아서 51.7%나 되며 다음이 산간지역가정, 농촌지역가정의 순으로 많으며 서울부유층가정 아동은 2.2%에 지나지 않는다. 한국아등의 체위와 일본아동의 체위를 비교해 본 바로는 출생 후 약 12개월까지는 별차가 없지만 그후로는 점차로 그 격차가 심해져서 $12{\sim}15$세 사이에 평균체중면에서 5kg정도, 신장면에서 5cm정도의 큰 격차를 나타냈다. 그러나 그후로 성인이 되어감에 따라서 그 격차는 좁아졌다. 이는 일본국이 경제적으로 우리보다 우위에 있음에 따라서 아이들 성장에 필요한 영양분을 적기에 적당하게 공급해 주었기 때문이며 우리는 많은아이들이 가만하기 때문에 그 나이에 맞는 영양분 보급을 적당히 하지 못한 결과로 생각할 수 밖에 없다. 한국 아동의 발육표준치를 1965년초에 측정한 것과 1975년도에 측정한 것을 비교해 본 결과 1975년 치는 1965년도치에 비해 체중과 신장 면에서 상당히 증가하였다. 이는 우리라라 경제상태가 좋아지면서 굶는 아이들이 적어지거나 없어졌을 뿐만 아니라 식품 내용이 개선된 때문으로 해석된다. 따라서 민족의 체위가 개선되고 향상되려면 제일 먼저 해결되어야 할 문제는 국가의 경제력이 향상될뿐만 아니라 빈부의 격차가 적어져서 우리나라에 생을 받은 사람은 누구나 굶는 자가 없이 균형 있는 영양분을 충분히 섭취 할 수 있는기회를 갖도록 되어야 하겠다. 영양학자와 식품관리자들은 우러나라 아이들이 타고난 체위의 잠재성을 충분히 키우기 위해서 어떠한 음식물이 얼마나 필요한지 계산하여 이를 작물로 충분히 충당할 수 있도륵 계획해서 농수산물을 생산하도록 해야겠다. 영양학자들은 우리 민족의 음식물을 개선해서 아기들이 즐겨 먹을 수 있는 어른들의 음식물, 영양식을 발전시켜 이유기에 받는 우리 어린아기들의 수난을 조속히 극복하는 것이 바람직하다. 또한 영양에 대한 교육을 국민학교, 중학교 교과과정에 많이 넣어서 교육하고 영양에 대한 교육과 보급을 조직적으로, 신문, 라디오, 텔레비젼등을 통해서 성인교육을 강화해서 모든 국민들이 적은 돈을 가지고도 보다 나은 영양물을 구해서 섭취할 수 있는 지혜를 가지도록 해야겠다. 국민학교 재학중 및 졸업시기를 전후딘서 체위가 많이 떨어지며 그 영향이 일생동안 간다는 것을 감안할 때 국민학교에서 점심 한끼라도 영양식을 보급해서 우리 국민체위 향상을 위해서 나라에서 직접적으로 공헌하는 바가 있었으면 한다.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.493-518
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• 2005

It has been taken for 10 years since Climate Change Convention could it be made. And Kyoto Protocol will come into force as an international law as from 16. Feb 2005. As based on it, Annex I countries will implement their mitigation projects on GHG reductions and press developing countries on GHG reduction target. Korea has not duty target on it yet. But it will be held a COP(Conference of Party) on negotiation for reduction target of second commitment period. If Korea has a real duty, Industry sector should reduce GHG emissions. Then Market mechanism will be need to introduce for this. This study started having a question "Is it possible to introduce emissions trading in Korea?". To solve the problem, this study analysed GHG emissions, marginal abatement cost, market price with 11 companies of industry (about 36% of Korea emissions). minus target is impossible to implement reduction target ver base year (2002). And emissions trading scheme also can't make the market without additional policy and measures. This study suggest that it is need to import credits and give a subsidy of government to encourage it. The imported credit can reduce the demand curve within the marginal abatement cost curves. But the effectiveness of credit is not the same as continually growth. As a result, Allowing 40% credit into emissions trading market is the best to reduce costs. However, a subsidy is the little bit difference. A subsidy make marginal abatement cost curves down for itself. Giving 30% for subsidy, it is the best. Considering both of importing credits and subsidy, it is the best effects in the reducing cost for company. especially 30% is the best effects respectively. This Study show that government wants to consider designing emissions trading, encourage participants competitiveness, and encourage the early action, government has to allow credit trading and give a subsidy to participants.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.26
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• pp.29-58
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• 2011

Since 11 September 2001, warnings of risk in the nexus of terrorism and nuclear weapons and materials which poses one of the gravest threats to the international community have continued. The purpose of this study is to analyze the aim, principles, characteristics, activities, impediments to progress and developmental recommendation of the Global Initiative to Combat Nuclear Terrorism(GICNT). In addition, it suggests implications of the GICNT for the ROK policy. International community will need a comprehensive strategy with four key elements to accomplish the GICNT: (1) securing and reducing nuclear stockpiles around the world, (2) countering terrorist nuclear plots, (3) preventing and deterring state transfers of nuclear weapons or materials to terrorists, (4) interdicting nuclear smuggling. Moreover, other steps should be taken to build the needed sense of urgency, including: (1) analysis and assessment through joint threat briefing for real nuclear threat possibility, (2) nuclear terrorism exercises, (3) fast-paced nuclear security reviews, (4) realistic testing of nuclear security performance to defeat insider or outsider threats, (5) preparing shared database of threats and incidents. As for the ROK, main concerns are transfer of North Korea's nuclear weapons, materials and technology to international terror groups and attacks on nuclear facilities and uses of nuclear devices. As the 5th nuclear country, the ROK has strengthened systems of physical protection and nuclear counterterrorism based on the international conventions. In order to comprehensive and effective prevention of nuclear terrorism, the ROK has to strengthen nuclear detection instruments and mobile radiation monitoring system in airports, ports, road networks, and national critical infrastructures. Furthermore, it has to draw up effective crisis management manual and prepare nuclear counterterrorism exercises and operational postures. The fundamental key to the prevention, detection and response to nuclear terrorism which leads to catastrophic impacts is to establish not only domestic law, institution and systems, but also strengthen international cooperation.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.233-248
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• 2017

Uniform laws and regulations and reasonable design is necessary for the prevention of possible fire in super high-rise building. To this end, this study focused on super high-rise and massive building-related architectural review performance-based design (PBD) evaluation disaster impact assessment (DIA), and provided fire engineering measures for improving fire prevention on the basis of performance-based design by analyzing the buildings subject to these systems and problems in terms of contents. Above all, in the aspect of law and standard improvement, first, with regard to dual parts of two statutes though significant portion of them has the same contents in performance-based design (PBD) evaluation and disaster impact assessment (DIA), it is necessary to operate the systems after making them conform with each other and consolidating or abolishing them. Second, if it is impossible to consolidate or abolish performance-based design (PBD) evaluation and disaster impact assessment (DIA), the areas of contents of performance-based design (PBD) evaluation and disaster impact assessment (DIA) should be precisely classified and established. Next, engineering improvement measures against fire hazard in super high-rise building are as follows. First, it is necessary to revise the provisions of straight-run stairs in special escape stairs. And in case of installing a mechanical smoke exhaust system instead of smoke vent, sandwich pressurization used in the United Stated should be permitted. Second, with regard to smoke control system for special escape stairs, it was shown that there was necessity for revising the standards in order to enable air to be supplied according to section in case of fire, carrying out performance-based design, and the like from the early design stages to the completion stages. In the future, it is expected that an epoch-making contribution will be made to a decrease in casualties and property damage due to fire in case of super high-rise building where the results can be reflected after carrying out a study on maintenance and carrying out an additional study on other considerations of super high-rise building together with reflecting the improvement measures provided in the above-mentioned study.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.73
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• pp.56-91
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• 2015

This study examined changes in the independent production environment in the perspectives from flexible specialization of labor and media routines since January 2011, when comprehensive programming television channels (JTBC, MBN, Channel A, TV Chosun) emerged in Korea. In-depth interviews were conducted with thirteen individuals, including producers from independent production companies, broadcast writers, and individuals involved with these TV channels. The interview results indicated that a flexible specialization production system had been established by the comprehensive programming channels. This means that they were heavily dependent on independent producers, except in relations to their own news programs. Moreover, it was identified that the production of diverse programs could be difficult due to absurd contract practices such as those related to TV ratings and performance systems. Second, these channels have implemented some positive changes such as the payment of higher production costs and an incentive system, compared to terrestrial TV stations. However, the incentive system also helps to aggravate internal competition in the channel and also instigate contract competitions among independent companies, which can eventually result in the channels for holding exclusive rights to certain content and, hence, unfair business practices. Third, as a result of the newspaper and broadcast cross-owenership system of the comprehensive programming channels, hierarchical independent production practices can be established under the influence of newspaper proprietors and executives or managers who have previously worked for newspapers. Lastly, as a result of interviews with independent producers and individuals involved with the TV channels concerning the awareness of comprehensive programming channels, it could not be ascertained whether it is difficult to produce programs dealing with diverse items and genres, because programming autonomy has been distorted by capital or the advertisement market. In this circumstance, it is not surprising that some comprehensive programming channels mentioned that they prioritize profit and performance in programming. In conclusion, it is absolutely imperative that complementary and legal measures be implemented institutionally in order to redress the existing systematic dysfunctional routines in the independent productions of the comprehensive programming TV channels in Korea.

• Food Industry
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• s.181
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• pp.10-37
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• 2004

식용유지는 식용으로 이용할 수 있는 가시적인 상태의 액상(oil) 또는 고체상(fat)의 식용기름을 말하지만 식품산업 측면에서는 가시적인 상태의 유지(가시지방)뿐만 아니라 유지가공 식품이나 기타의 식품에 함유되어 섭취되는 비가시적인 상태의 유지(비가지 지방)도 포함될 수 있다. 식용유지는 생명을 유지하는데 없어서는 안될 영양소로서 탄수화물 단백질과 함께 3대 영양소 중의 하나이며 1g당 9kcal를 내는 고도로 농축된 에너지원이면서 필수지방산의 공급원이고 비타민 A, D, E 등의 지용성 비타민과 기타 특수한 영양성분의 운반체로서 높은 영양적 가치를 갖는다. 지방성분은 음식물로부터 섭취가 불가능할 경우에는 체내에서 탄수화물이나 단백질을 기질로 하는 대사과정에서 합성되어 지질 또는 필수지방산과 지용성 비타민은 식품으로 지방질과 함께 흡수되어야 하므로 식품의 한 성분으로 지방의 중요성을 인정받고 있다. 1960년대 이후 국민소득의 증가와 함께 식생활도 다양화되고 서구화 간편화되면서 지방 함량이 높은 식품과 유지를 이용한 식품의 소비가 증가하였고 전체적인 유지 소비량도 늘어나는 추세에 있다. 60년대 초에는 총열량 중 지방이 차지하는 비율이 $6\%$ 정도였으나 최근에는 급격히 증가되어 2000년말 현재 $25.5\%$로 증가하였다. 97년까지 계속 증가하던 공급 에너지량은 98년 IMF의 영향으로 2,799 kcal까지 감소했으나 99년 들어 IMF 이전 수준으로 회복되었다. 또한 연간 일인당 순 식용유지류 공급량은 1990년대 까지 급격히 증가하였으나 이후로는 소폭 증가하는 추세이다. 2000년말 현재 식용유지 총 공급량은 76만2 천톤으로써 99년 73만5 천톤에 비해 2.7만톤이 증가하였다. 1998년 IMF 시기를 제외하고는 공급물량은 계속해서 증가 추세이다. 특히 1998년도에 비하여 2000년도에 식물성 유지는 2배 가까이 증가하였으나, 동물성 유지는 절반 이하로 감소되는 추세이며 공급물량으로 보면 대두유, 팜유가 주요 유종으로 식물유지 전체에서 차지하는 비중이 $72.3\%$로 압도적이다. 라면용 튀김기름과 마가린 쇼트닝의 원료로서 대부분 사용되는 팜유를 제외하고 가정용 식용유의 대부분을 차지하는 대두유가 이처럼 식용유지 시장의 대부분을 차지하게 된 이유는 첫째, 90년대 초반 수입 자유화 이후 타 유종 대비 낮은 가격을 형성하여 유지업체가 수입을 늘린 것이고 둘째로는 국내에서 대두유와 대두박을 생산하는 대두가공업체의 안정적 대두유 공급이 주요 원인이라고 할 수 있다. 식용유지의 시장규모는 식품공전상 식용유지로 분류된 제품들의 2000년도 출하액으로 보면 약 6,616 억원 정도이다. 한편 유종이 단순했던 가정용 식용유지 시장이 최근 새로워지고 있다. 주로 조리용으로 사용했던 것에서 건강을 생각하는 품목으로 바뀌는 경향이다. 아직은 가정용에서 대두유가 가장 많지만 옥배유나 채종유 더 나아가 건강이미지의 식용유인 홍화유 올리브유 해바라기유등이 증가하고 있는 추세이다. 한편 기존 식용유가 비만의 원인인 것 때문에 기피되던 것에서 새롭게 다이어트용 식용유 제품이 출시되어 시장에 새 바람이 불고 있다. 일본 식용유지 시장규모는 물량으로 172 만톤, 금액으로는 2,786 억엔(약 2조7860 억원) 수준이다. 지난 10년간 증가율은 물량 측면에서 약 $5\%$정도 신장하고 금액으로는 큰 증감이 없었다. 식용유는 조리의 기초 소재로서 안정한 수요를 갖고 있지만 주요 유종인 샐러드유의 가격이 하락하여, 전체적으로 시장이 물량이 증가하면서도 매출액이 신장하지 못하여 시장규모는 축소되었다고 할 수 있다. 일본 식용유지 업계의 제품동향을 보면 거의 모든 업체가 가정용 시장에서 건강 기능성 식용유지를 출시하고 있다는 점이다. 물론 일본은 건강기능성 식품에 대한 제도적인 뒷 받침이 되어 있어 기능성 식품의 시장출시가 용이한 점이 가정용 시장에 큰 영향을 미쳤다고 볼 수 있다. 유지 산업의 고부가가치화를 위해서는 전통적인 산업의 제품과 기술만으로는 달성하기 어렵다. 국내와 일본 식용유지 업계의 경향을 참고해 볼 때 차별화된 식용유지 제품과 기술의 개발이 절실히 필요하다. 앞서 언급한 고부가가치 제품과 기술 관련 사향을 바탕으로 국내 유지분야가 중점적으로 연구할 분야를 선정해 보면 리파제의 고정화 연구, 생물공학 기술을 활용한 효소의 개발과 이를 이용한 유지 가공 기술 연구, 유지성분의 유화 안정화 기술 연구, 식용유지의 선택적 수소경화 기술 연구 트랜스 지방산 저감기술연구, 효소 반응조 설계기술 연구, 지질 분자구조 분석기술 연구 분야 등이 유망하다. 상기와 같은 연구 분야를 육성하기 위해서는 유지 전문 인력의 육성, 해외 네트웍의 구축, 산학연 공동연구 추진, 국가적 차원의 정책 및 지원 등이 절실하다.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.129-153
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• 2017

Fair Competition policy in aviation field has been discussed since open skies policy began in 1970s. This issue has been also the main topic in the ICAO's Worldwide Air Transport Conference, the Air Transport Symposium, etc. ICAO defines competition as the existent or potential rivalry between two or more operators, carriers or groups, striving for advantages in the same market based on different prices, qualities and services. In a broader sense, the definition includes more various meanings; reasonable, fair, effective, and unrestricted competitions. Nowadays, competition laws and regulations to air transportation have been applied more frequently and the issues varies from antitrust immunity, mergers and alliances, abuse of dominant positions, capacity dumping and predatory pricing, sales and marketing, to airport charges and fees, state aid and loan guarantees. Now, the competition among the airlines or nations in aviation industry is changing to cooperation level. A lot of airlines try to survive by various cooperation methods. Therefore the policy of Korean aviation industry should be developed, taking so-called "the viewpoint of national aviation industry ecosystem" into consideration and Korean government should prepare a policy of fair competition to cope with it. First, in the process of open skies policy with neighboring countries such as China, Japan and the Middle East, it is necessary to apply the fair competition act and prepare laws and regulations to implement it. Second, the standards of effective ownership and control of air transportation business should be reviewed. Third, in preparation for aviation agreements and liberalization, the Korean aviation industry needs to study and review competition and cooperation issues through the analysis of strict aviation market structure for airlines and airport operations. Fourth, it is necessary to create a fair air transportation environment for the development of air transportation and competitiveness through preemptive policies such as the approval of mergers, acquisitions, JV and the ripple effects analysis.