• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1996.07b
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• pp.768-770
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• 1996

This paper propose neural network which is one of self-organizing techniques. It is composed neural network controller as input signal is error and change of error which is optimal output, and is learned system by using a error back-propagation learning algorithm is one of error mimizing learning methods. In order to achieve practical real time control reduce on learning time, it is applied to load-frequency control of nonlinear power system with using a moment learning method. It is described in such a case considering constraints for a rate of increace generation-rate.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.16 no.11
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• pp.1136-1140
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• 2010

Esterel is an imperative synchronous language and its formal semantic based on finite state machine makes it easy to perform program analyses using automata. In this paper, we propose a syntax-driven automata generation rule. Because our rule intuitively expresses syntactic structure, it is very useful for other program analyses.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.27 no.8
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• pp.877-885
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• 2000

Static slice means a set of parts of a program that potentially affect the values computed at a slicing criterion considering all the possible input values. In this paper, we have formally defined static slice of a first-order functional language based on operational semantics. And, we have presented a sound method to analyze static slice using abstract interpretation.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.643-647
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• 1999

Hydropalladium carboxylates, formed from π-allylpalladium chloride dimer plus carboxylic acids, have been shown to catalyze cyclization of structurally diverse enediynes to form the corresponding six- or five-membered rings depending upon the reaction conditions. Some enediynes having an Oxygen linker in an appropriate position under the similar condition yielded the corresponding cyclopropanation products in highly stereoselective manner. A study using deuterated formic acid has proven that the alkylpalladium intermediates formed in our conditions were reduced by the pendant formate ligand. The dienediyne 10 yielded only the tricyclic product 12 in 67% yield, although it was expected to frrm the cyclic product 11. All these cyclizations seemed to occur via the corresponding alkylpalladium intermediates I. which could proceed to the corresponding cyclic products depending on the reaction conditions and the substrates. The study using ceuterated formic acid could provide an important information to understand the present cyclization mechanism. Overall the present study could play an important role in developing new synthetic methodologies for constructing complex polycyclic compounds.

• Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.944-949
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• 2006

An infiltration was realized as an important part of ventilation to change fresh air with contaminated air in a house. In this study, it was measured the infiltration in new apartment buildings according to Seasons, height etc. We measured the infiltration by using tracer gas method and did for 24hours. To quantify the infiltration, Sulfur Hexafluoride($SF_6$) gas was used. The Constant Concentration was conducted during experimental process and the concentration of the gas was measured with a gas monitor. In the results of the measurement, the infiltration were appeared over 0.6 ACH in winter and about 0.2 ACH in summer and autumn. Also the infiltration were measured more highly at high and low stories than middle stories in winter.

• Journal of Clinical Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.264-268
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• 2018

Chronic invasive fungal sinusitis (CIFS) is a relatively rare disease which occurs in immunocompetent or immunocompromised patients. We report a case of CIFS in ethmoid sinus with concurrent fungal ball in maxillary sinus. After surgical debridement and antifungal therapy, CIFS recurred with submucosal invasion in nasopharynx and osteomyelitis of clivus. Although CIFS encompasses a slowly progressing invasive fungal disease but potentially aggressive. It should be noted that CIFS could progress and extend through submucosal route without evidence of mucosal lesion.

• Journal of Clinical Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.286-289
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• 2018

Liposarcoma is a malignant tumor that occurs in adipocytes, accounting for 5% of all sarcomas. Generally, it has no symptoms and it occurs in any parts of the body. There are various types of liposarcoma. Of these, 40-45% are known as highly differentiated liposarcoma, and highly differentiated liposarcoma is also referred to as atypical lipomatous tumor. We report a case of an atypical lipomatous tumor on the left neck.

• Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Sports Medicine
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.122-127
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• 2005

Purpose: To study the mechanism of injuries or discomfort during kendo and to analyze the causes of injury, injured parts of body, treatments modalities, and degree of return to the pre-injury activity level. Materials and Methods: We studied ninety-eight kendo players who had played at three gymnasium of Korean Kumdo Association, were older than high-school age, had been playing kendo for more than six months, and had any pain or discomfort after playing kendo. We analyzed the questionnaire and interviewed the patients concerning the injured parts of body, symptoms, treatments. Results; The mean age was 30.2 years old, and the onset of symptoms was between two weeks and six months after starting the kendo. Many of them were injured during attacking(32.2%). The injuries of feet were increased on players who exercised for less than 1 year. Only fifty-nine players(60.2%) were treated within one month. Among them, thirty-eight percent were treated by oriental medicine or other departments and only thirty-six percent were treated by orthopaedic surgeons. The prevalence of injuries of the foot and ankle was highest(38.8%), and there were the wrist(13.1%), shoulder(11.9%), knee(11.9%) in order of prevalence. Fifty percents of them could return to the pre-injury activity level. Conclusion: The prevalence of injuries of the foot and ankle was highest(38.8%), and were increased on players who exercised for less than 1 year. Sixty percents of players were treated with any proper modalities, and only thirty-six percent were treated by orthopaedic surgeons.

• Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Sports Medicine
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.43-48
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to assess the result of conservative treatment in displaced radial head fracture. Materials and Methods: We analyzed 15 cases of displaced radial head fracture who were treated conservatively from April 1992 to May 2002. Follow-up period was more than 1 year. They were all males and the average age of patients was 20.2($11{\sim}24$) years. The average follow-up period was 13.4($12{\sim}15$) months. They were able to do active pronation and supination more than 70 degrees initially, who were applied long arm splint less than 1 week. The functional rating index modified after B.F. Morrey and no further displacement and union state of fragment in simple X-ray were used in follow-up assessment. Results: On the basis of the functional rating index modified after B.F. Morrey that included elements of pain, motion, strength, and stability, the results were 8 excellent, 7 good in patients who were treated conservatively, who had union and no further displacement of fragment in follow-up. Conclusion: We conclude that if they are able to do active pronation and supination more than 70 degrees initially, we take them to do early range of motion exercise after subsiding swelling, which can restrict limitation of range of motion exercise and return to the living early.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.49-58
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• 2000

This paper deals with a systematic approach to neural network controller design for static VAR compensator (SVC) using a learning algorithm of error back propagation that accepts error and change of error as inputs, the momentum learning technique is used for reduction of learning time, to improve system stability. A SVC, one of the Flexible AC Transmission System(FACTS), constructed by a fixed capacitor(FC) and a thyristor controlled reactor(TCR), is designed and implemented to improve the damping of a synchronous generator, as well as controlling the system voltage.TO verify the robustness of the proposed method, we considered the dynamic response of generator rotor angle deviation, angular velocity deviation and generator terminal voltage by applying a power fluctuation and rotor angle fluctuation in initial point when heavy load and normal load. Thus, we prove the usefulness of proposed method to improve the stability of single machine-infinite bus with SVC system.