• Korean Security Journal
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• no.17
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• pp.1-13
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• 2008

Conclusion is like below. First, as a private security area's mutual relationship and development device, it is necessary to bring up corresponding-terror expert. Second, a privatized corresponding-terror research center is necessary. Third, the importance of privatization's role for the corresponding-terror prevention law establishment. It is considered that a diversified examination research that can minimize a violation of human rights by bringing up various corresponding-terror expert, paradigm shift of workers related security area, and construct corresponding- terror education equipment as well as education content, it is not a special group's authority, should be continued by a following research. Academical area of terrorism's construction is necessary. You need to approach by private initiatively boldly with the academic world as an active mutual cooperation politically, culturally, socially, internationally, etc, rather than developing national institute initiatively. Also, in a following research, an academical research about a correlation of crime, war, terror should be done deeply, variously. It is necessary to establish an academic foundation of terror study.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.53-68
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• 1994

Initially the paper will explore the concept, evolution and utility of Sustainable Development in the broad context of its links to the EIA process by predicting in advance decisions being made attempts to balance the needs of environmental, economic and social objectives. The paper then considers how an evolving and improved EIA process and in particular with the emphasis increasingly riving from projects to polieies, plans and programmes, can provide q framework to operationalise Sustainable Development with the focus on cumulative impacts, making EIA "problem focussed" and linking policy, environmental planning and assessment. The paper then reviews some of the practical EIA tools and methods that can support the practical application of more susk inable forms of development. The paper concludes by considering the follow ups that are now occurring after the Reo Sumit and suggests that has a Key and powerful role to play in this process, whether at an institutional prettiest policy level.

• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.7-23
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• 2019

Smart cities are expanding their spatial scope to urban areas and regions. Linking regional economic development strategies beyond the borders with smart city planning can lead to cooperation and economic development between regions and countries as well. The purpose of this study is to suggest cooperation and regional development of the three nations - Korea, North Korea and China - through the Yellow Sea Rim Smart Region. To this end, smart city strategies and economic development plan with implementation status in the three countries including special economic zones have analyzed that could be the spatial basis of the smart region. On the west coast of Korea facing the Yellow Sea, lots of projects related to smart cities are actively underway in Saemangeum, Yellow Sea Free Economic Zone(YESFEZ), and Incheon Free Economic Zone(IFEZ). Although the political situation is still uncertain, North Korea is analyzed to have economic and technical potential in the west coast connecting Haeju, Nampo, and Sinuiju. In Liaoning and Shandong provinces of China, smart city projects have been actively promoted in recent years especially in the state-supporting industrial cities. Restoration of economic cooperation between South Korea and China, linkage of transportation networks, vitalization of cross-border cooperation projects between China and North Korea centered on Dandong and Sinuiju, and the connecting of smart city infrastructure and services for China and South Korea's economic cooperation process will make the Yellow Sea Rim as a world prosperous economic region. However, it is necessary to establish and operate a governance system through long-term planning for transnational consultation and establishment of a promotion organization.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.686-708
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• 2013

The goal of this investigation is to examine the matter as to how various cyberpolitical activities such as on-line civic participation, cyber parties, development and movement of civil society networks are appeared in cyberspace; and how political activities in cyberspace are associated with offline environment. This research was based on in-depth and open-ended interviews centering around 20s (32 interviewees) and the major results are as in the following. First, in terms of on-line civic participation, searching political issues occur in places, where internet users can access information easily relatively, and creating or reconstructing political information is identified in places giving stability or affinity to the public society. Second, even though each party's homepage for the channel of cyber parties has enough capacity as bridgespace, which takes charge of supporting f lows of people, goods, capital, and ideas, most of them don't play a role to establish virtual or real networks. Exceptively, cyber parties contribute to make temporalized places, where nobody takes the responsibility, somewhat. Third, the development and movement of civil society networks is divided into several segments according to political interests and tendency in online; furthermore, such a cyberpolitical activity influences human networks and the decision of major places for political activities in offline.

• 한국지형공간정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.67-72
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• 2004

21세기 지식정보화 사회를 당면하면서 정치, 경제, 문화 등의 환경이 다양한 형태로 급속히 변하고 있다. 다양한 형태의 정보를 적절한 기술을 이용하여 보다 효율적으로 수집하고 이를 신속하고 정확하게 분석하여 합리적인 의사결정을 하여야 하는데 사회변화의 속도가 급변함에 따라 당면한 문제들의 해결과 미래의 정보 수요에 부응하기 위한 핵심 기술로서 GIS는 정보화시대에서 무엇보다 정보시스템의 구축을 위한 계획 수립이 절실하게 되었다. 이러한 지리정보시스템에 동영상데이터의 연계기능을 더하여 영상을 기반으로 직접 사용자와 상호작용을 하며 데이터를 분석, 관리, 출력하는 동영상지리정보시스템(Video Geographic Information System: Video GIS)이 GIS 분야에 있어 새로운 연구 분야로 떠오르고 있다. 본 연구에서는 사회변화의 속도가 급변하는 도시기반시설물들을 효율적으로 개발, 관리하고 비행선촬영시스템을 통하여 취득된 동영상 자료를 객체추적 알고리즘에 의해 데이터의 양을 줄였다. 수치지도와 동영상데이터의 공간정보를 연계시켜 도시지역에 존재하는 각종 시설물을 관리할 수 있는 동영상 정보시스템을 Prototype으로 구축하여 그 가능성을 제시하였다.

• The Journal of Korean Philosophical History
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• no.42
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• pp.133-164
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• 2014

In "Lu's Spring and Autumn", the ideas of all the schools before Qin Dynasty were compiled and the diagram of the Trinity of heaven, earth and man using the category of Yin-yang and the five elements of the universe since the ancient times was established. This can be assessed to be the blueprint for a unified empire closely connecting time and space, and objects in heaven and on earth centered around human beings. In specific, Yin-yang and the five elements of the universe were combined to categorize and schematize all things in the universe, and connect them to human affairs at the same time. Its contents convert almost all academic fields including politics, economics, society, military, astronomy, geography, medical science, education and history. Particularly, the documents popular during the age of civil wars and the ideas of Jikha scholars were synthesized and specified. Yet, it went beyond simple collection of the thoughts and documents since the ancient times in terms of contents and forms, and the method of 12 months for 1 year was selected and prescript was expanded to the various fields of politics and the society. In the Twelve principle, Yin-yang and the five elements, and the ten celestial stems and the earthly ones were combined, the contradiction from the process was solved, and the Rules of Four Seasons Thought was completed. Therefore, even though some parts of the idea of Yin-yang and the five elements in "Lu's Spring and Autumn" is found here and there from other documents, the unificative systematization of the whole has an important meaning in the history of thought. In summary, it has been proved that the Rules of Four Seasons Thought in "Lu's Spring and Autumn" was not limited to the physical unity of Yin-yang and the five elements of the universe, but qualitatively specified particularly in the aspects of agriculture from the people's side and politics from a leader's position.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.12
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• pp.429-437
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to development of North Korea tour product. From 10 years ago, Kumgangsan tour started with peace unikorea. But only south korea and north korea is uncertain on political issue also always tour is influenced. Kumgangsan, Gaesung and baekdusan tour is going to renew. So North Korea tour product is continuos of space connection of adjoining land under Kumgangsan, Gaesung and baekdusan tour product.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.02b
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• pp.462-467
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• 2006

이 연구는, 대중매체를 미술에 도입한 미디어아트가 대중에게 긍정적인 평가를 받고 있고 콘텐츠의 범위가 증대되고 있는 시점에서 총체적 의미의 사회자본이 된다는 가능성의 연구이다. 이러한 가정 하에 현시점의 미디어아트와 대중의 유대관계, 그 커뮤니케이션의 변화 양상에 대해 몇 가지 사례를 중심으로 살펴보고자 한다. 미디어아트가 사회자본으로서 영향을 미치기 위한 전제를 세가지로 분류하였다. 첫 번째, 사회 참여적인 미디어 장치로서 저널리즘의 속성을 가진 미디어아트, 두 번째는 다양한 문화활동의 프로토타입이 되는 미디어아트, 세 번째로는 일상공간에서의 미디어아트이다. 대중매체의 이용이 사회자본의 구성 요소인 신뢰와 사회적 연계 망에 미치는 효과에 대해서는 기존에 발표된 연구들과 2003년 수행된 대규모 매체 이용행태 자료에서 이미 검증되었다. 디지털미디어아트가 사회자본의 하위구성 요소인 신뢰와 정치참여, 문화적 아이콘으로서의 역할 및 예술생산품으로서의 기능에 대해서는 현재 국내에서 대중과의 소통을 위한 미디어아트의 시도가 점차 증가되고 있는 추세이다. 웹 아티스트, 미디어 아티스트로 알려진 '장영혜중공업' 은 온라인미디어를 통해 현대사회의 정치적, 사회적 이슈와 화두들을 강력하게 표현하고 있고, 대중매체의 조명을 받고 있는 아티스트 '낸시랭' 은 'SSAMZIE' 브랜드를 통해 예술의 문화적, 경제적 활동에 새로운 모델을 제시하였다. 사용자에게 총체적인 경험을 제공하는 일상 생활공간 속에서의 미디어아트는 예술의 대중화를 실현하고 있으며, 일상에서의 경험으로 인하여 대중에게 시각적, 과학적, 심미적 즐거움을 주고 있다. 이처럼 디지털미디어를 이용한 예술은 인터넷을 비롯한 대중매체를 통해 디지털미디어아트의 공적 신뢰를 확대시키고 콘텐트의 범위와 가치를 증대 시키며, 사용자경험의 폭을 확대시켜 점차 새로운 가치체계를 형성해 나갈 것이다. 이는 디지털미디어아트가 사회자본으로서 아직은 미약하지만 사용자의 조작과 참여의 경험으로 인해 디지털 세대에게 적합한 문화아이콘을 만들어 나가며, 사회의 새로운 이용자 패턴, 참여 의식의 확대, 예술의 대중화로 인하여 미래 우리의 삶을 구성하는 사회자본이 될 것으로 그 가능성을 전망해본다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.456-467
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• 2018

This study analyzed the repeated causes of policy failure focusing on Yangyang International Airport cases. Yangyang International Airport, which opened in 2002, was built with about 360 billion won, but it is considered as a representative example of policy failure of local airports. According to the policy failure theory, the failure factors of Yangyang International Airport are anlyzed by rationalistic, political, and environmental complexity viewpoint. The results are as follows. First, from a rationalist point of view, Yangyang Airport failed to achieve the policy goal of securing passengers and revitalizing local economy, This is due to the pressure of politics and the lack of geographical infrastructure. Second, the failure of the stakeholders to resolve conflicts in the flow of politics can be seen as the conflict between the airline and the airport, and the failure to reconcile conflicts between the government and the airports on the low cost airline permits and subsidies. Third, from the viewpoint of environmental complexity, Yangyang International Airport can be regarded as a failure to adapt to environmental changes such as the opening of nearby expressways and railway lines, and the sharp decline of Chinese tourists. This study sugeests the establishment of an independent organization that can prevent unreasonable business promotion by politics in the case of large scale national projects, the linkage with the surrounding infrastructure and related businesses in the case of transportation facilities such as airports and railways, and institutionalization of cooperative governance for coordinating conflict among stakeholders.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.35-51
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• 2000

International trade flows have been determined by social, cultural and political environment around the world as well as economic elements. The environment of international trade has changed rapidly as the world has globalized. Significant changes have been generated in the international trade flows. This study investigates the influences of economic globalization on the international trade flows. The changes in international trade flows examined comprehensively by integrating trade with industrial locations, investment, and the various trade related environments. The focus laid on the integration of world economies, such as widening and intensifying international linkages in economic, political and social relation. Special concerns are laid on the impacts of Foreign Direct Investments (FDI) by Trans National Corporations (TNCs), which affect the supply-demand distributions of commodities by industrial relocations, and the expansion of intra-firm trade flows on the international trade flow patterns. The geographical characteristics of tile origins and destinations of FDI flows analyzed, since the spatial patterns of the intra-firm trade flows are determined by them. The FDI and intra-firm trade flow patterns have changed significantly over time.