• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.849-859
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• 2011

Before 2010, assignments proposed by government caused inconvenience of users(operation institutions & customers) as performing that National research organization suggested requirements from private organizations to special institutes, but now the institution of assignments is improving to reflect opinions from the present users. This is a study on methods for drawing a task of Rolling stock's core parts & enhancing of Urban Railway/Light Railway Transit. The definition of multiple stakeholders(local government, operation institution, research organization, academic world, the industrial world, etc.) related to rolling stock of urban railway/Light railway transit, experts in rolling stock and the application for designing of question items verified and designed through Delphi technique for objectivity, justness and fairness. Also, it is to draw a conclusion of assignments through a study on methods for drawing a task of Rolling stock's core parts & enhancing of Urban Railway/Light Railway Transit as sharing a process of assignments and integrating opinions of each stakeholder of urban railway/light railway transit.

• Journal of Satellite, Information and Communications
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.51-55
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• 2006

Digital satellite communication systems are usually integrated with terrestrial systems to provide various services. In these cases, they should satisfy the performance objectives defined by the terrestrial systems. Recommendation ITU-R S.1062 specifies the error performance objectives of digital satellite communication systems operating below 15 GHz. The error performance are given in terms of bit error probability divided by the number of the average bit errors in the burst ($\alpha$). This paper presents a theoretical method to estimate $\alpha$ that is a very important parameter in the satellite communication systems to analyze the error performance objectives. We show performance estimation result of DVB-RCS turbo code using the presented method, and verify them by comparing to the simulation results.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 1997

When a ferroelastic domain of ${\beta}-Tb_2(MoO_4)_3$ single crystal is switched from $S_k$ state to $S_p$ state by external force, the formulae that can calculate relativistic displacement of the lattice point and distribution of ferroelastic switching force were derived by this study. The formulae that can calculate threshold switching force in any direction were derived from the conservation law of enthalpy and measured value of threshold switching force in specific direction. Theoretical values of threshold switching force were in accord with measured values at (${\theta}=90^{\circ}$, ${\phi}=15^{\circ}$), (${\theta}=90^{\circ}$, ${\phi}=30^{\circ}$), (${\theta}=90^{\circ}$, ${\phi}=45^{\circ}$), (${\theta}=90^{\circ}$, ${\phi}=60^{\circ}$), (${\theta}=90^{\circ}$, ${\phi}=75^{\circ}$).

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.471-485
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• 2010

VaR is used extensively as a tool for risk management by financial institutions. For convenience, the normal distribution is usually assumed for the measurement of VaR, but recently the method using extreme value theory is attracted for more accurate VaR estimation. So far, GEV and GPD models are used for probability models of EVT for the VaR estimation. In this paper, the PP model is suggested for improved VaR estimation as compared to the traditonal EV models such as GEV and GPD models. In view of the stochastic process, the PP model is regarded as a generalized model which include GEV and GPD models. In the empirical analysis, the PP model is shown to be superior to GEV and GPD models for the performance of VaR estimation.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.8 no.11
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• pp.63-69
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• 2017

The middleware in the IoT system is software that acts as a messenger to connect and exchange data between humans and objects, objects and objects. IoT middleware exists in various forms in all areas, including hardware, protocol, and communication of different kinds, which are different in form and purpose. However, IoT middleware exists in various forms across different areas, including hardware, protocol, and communication of different types and purposes. Therefore, even if the system is designed differently for each role, it is necessary to strengthen the security in common. In this paper, we analyze the structure of IoT middleware using Service Oriented Architecture(SOA) approach and design system security requirements based on it. It was defined: Target Of Evaluation(TOE) existing system development method and the object is evaluated by Common Criteria(CC) for verification based otherwise. The proposed middleware system will be correlated with the security problem definition and the security purpose, which will be the basis for implementing the security enhanced IoT system.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.422-426
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• 2006

Productivity is one of the very important index that measures efficiency of production activities in industry, enterprises and the building industry as well. None the less, the concept of construction productivity is not so clear that productivity management in the building industry have been performed by experience or intuition, productivity related data have not been analyzed through effective productivity management, because structured definition and classification of factors influencing construction productivity did not exist so that it has not been known what information explain each of them. In order to solve this problem, at first construction productivity and factors influencing construction productivity are defined and classified into three groups; (1)Project factors influencing construction productivity (2)Management factors influencing construction productivity (3)Activity factors influencing construction productivity. To find out relation between construction productivity and factors influencing construction productivity, a questionnaire survey for construction managers in the building industry has been conducted.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.1243-1246
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• 1998

The contents of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) of 36 commercial dairy products (15 fluid milks, 16 yogurts, 5 cheeses) were determined. The CLA contents of fluid milk and cheeses were in the range of 2.24 to 4.10 mg/g and 3.69 to 5.78 mg/g of lipid, respectively. However, the yogurt products showed a large variation ($0.13{\sim}4.54\;mg/g$ of lipid) of CLA content because the yogurts prepared from skim milk contained lower CLA than those prepared from whole milk. Multiple linear regression test showed good correlations between CLA contents and the contents of selected fatty acids (oleic, linoleic and linolenic acids) of fluid milk and yogurt products.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.137-144
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• 2009

This study aims to develop a 3D map which allows users to better understand the overall topography and to memorize the general concepts of the current location for tourists. The Map also utilizes different forms and color codes of the block units in the panoramic view. First, in preparation for making the road block unit, 28 types of roads presented in common map were defined. Based on the definitions, 12 dominant groups were formed. In designing each form, visual correlation was considered. Second, 42 types of terrain features presented in normal maps were defined for making the panoramic block unit. Then, 2 dominant groups, each contains 5 subgroups, were made according to the assemble pattern and the size of area. On the basis of the grouped units, the panoramic block units were produced with 3D pole line graphics maintaining integration. Lastly, each panoramic block units were categorized by color classes such as blue, green, gray and brown class. The overall color combination of the work was evaluated as well harmonized since the Moon&Spencer's Aesthetic measure value exceeds 0.5.

• Korean Journal of Crystallography
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.141-157
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• 1995

Single crystals of TeO2 with large diameter were grown by Czochralski technique with auto-diameter control system. The ratio of crystal to crucible was 60-70%. The effect of critical pulling and rotation rate on the crystal quality was studied. Optimum growth parameters for high quality crystal pulling rate was less than 1.2 mm/hr. The solid-liquid interface was convex at the rotation rate of 10-23 rpm and concave at the rotation rate of more than 25 rpm, depending on the size of crystal and crucible. The platinum concentration in the melts is one of the main factors of the constitutional supercooling and thus the bubble entrapment in the growing crystal. Growth axis was confirmed to {110} direction during the whole growth procedure. Infrared spectrometric study and dislocation density measurment by chemical etching method on the grown crystal were performed. Finally, the reasons of cooperation of striations, inclusions, and optical inhomogeneities were discussed.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.1155-1163
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• 2010

An algorithm of the conventional wavelet shift keying is carried out that the scaling function and wavelet are encoded to 1(mark) and 0(space) for the input binary data, respectively. Two bit modulation technique which uses four carrier frequencies is existed. Four carrier frequencies are defined as scaling function, inversed scaling function, wavelet, and inversed wavelet, which are encoded to 10, 11, 00 and 01, respectively. In this paper, we defined 4-ary SWSK (4-ary scaling wavelet shift keying) which is two bit modulation, and it is derived to the probability of bit error and symbol error of the defined system from QPSK. In order to analyze to the performance of 4-ary SWSK, we are obtained in terms of the probability of bit error and symbol error for QPSK (quadrature phase shift keying), MFSK(M-ary frequency shift keying) and proposed method. As a results of simulation, we confirmed that the proposed method was superior to the performance in terms of the probability of bit error and symbol error.