• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.82-108
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• 1995

인력은 한 사회에 있어서 자본을 축적하며 자연자원을 개발하고 사회 경제 정치적 조직을 성장시키는 변화요인으로, 인간을 중심으로 하는 사회경제적 자원을 종합적으로 지칭하는 말이다. 이렇게 국가 사회가 필요로 하는 인력을 정부가 적절히 계획하여, 형성시키며, 배분 및 활용하는 문제를 논리적이고 일관성 있게 다루는 것을 인력정책이라 한다. 이러한 거시적이고 대 사회적인 정부의 인력정책은 국민의 건강과 생명을 보호하기 위한 보건의료 서비스를 제공해야 하는 의료인력을 대상으로 하는 경우 그 중요성이 더욱 특별하다 할 것이다. 국민에 대한 보건의료 서비스는 훈련된 보건 인력에 의해서 제공되며, 국가의 인력정책의 결과로 나타나는 보건의료인력 공급의 적합성은 인력의 불균형이라는 개념들을 통해서 검토될 수 있다. 의료인력의 불균형이라 함은 의료인력의 수, 종류, 기능, 분포, 질 등과 의료서비스에 대한 국민의 전체적 요구에 대응하여 정부가 생산하여 채용, 지원, 유시할 수 있는 정부 능력의 한계를 의미한다. 다시 말해서 국민에 대한 의료서비스의 적정화는 잘 훈련된(well qualified) 의료인력이 충분히 공급되어야(adequately supplied) 하고, 또한 적절히 분포되어야(well distributed) 한다는 양적, 질적, 그리고 분포의 세 가지 측면에서 살펴볼 수 있다. 질적, 양적, 그리고 분포의 불균형이라는 범주를 통하여 살펴본 치과기공사 분야의 인력정책에 대한 연구 결과와 개선방안은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 수적 불균형의 면에서 치과기공사의 인력은 1970년대 중반이래 계속 과잉 공급되어 왔으며, 이에 대해 정부는 그동안 소극적으로 대처하므로 과잉공급을 가속시켜왔다. 따라서 이러한 과잉공급을 최소하기 위해서는 치과이용에 대한 수요의 확장, 무면허자의 취업규제단속 및 대학의 치과기공학과 정원 축소 등을 생각해 볼 수 있다. 이러한 외형상의 과잉공급에도 불구하고 현업에 종사하는 실제인력은 수용에 비해 부족한 과소 공급현상을 빚고 있다는 점이 문제이다. 이러한 역설적인 현상을 타파하기 위하여 무면허자의 적발을 위시한 제도적 장치가 마련되어야 한다. 둘째, 질적 불균형은 수적 과잉공급에 의한 취업률 저하로 인한 실력 있는 전문인력 확보의 어려움과 전문 교육인력 및 교육시설의 열악한 조건이 원인으로 지적될 수 있으며, 이에 대한 해결방안으로 적절한 인력수요의 조절과 교육인력 및 시설 여건의 향상이 요망된다. 예컨대 3년제로 되어있는 학제를 4년제로 상향조정하는 방안을 고려할 수 있다. 세째, 치과기공사 분야의 인력분포 불균형은 그다지 심각하지는 않은 것으로 나타난다. 그러나 변화하는 소득수준과 사회환경은 의료인력과 균등한 지역적 분포에 대해 지속적인 관심을 가질것을 요청한다고 할 것이다. 이를 위하여 현재의 공중보건의 제도처럼 치기공 분야의 인력을 무의촌지역에 배치하여 공익요원으로 봉사케 하는 제도를 생각해 볼 수 있다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.8
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• pp.345-355
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• 2015

This article attempted to find out the moderating effects of social support in the relationship between perceived stigma, depression of student with disabilities(SWD) and their adjustment of campus life. For the purpose of the reason the data were collected from 108 SWD from questionaries in Busan city and Kyungnam province. The results were as follows. It was revealed that the factors, grade and gender, had significant difference in the level of adjusting campus life of SWD. Perceived stigma and depression of SWD had positive impact on the adjustment of campus life. Social support of SWD also had positive impact on the adjustment of campus life. This study demonstrated that social support of SWD had moderating effect in the relationship between perceived stigma, depression of SWD and their adjustment of campus life. This study verified that for the purpose of improving the adjusting level in college life of SWD, it was as important to make social support to be delivered at SWD as decreasing the perceived stigma and depression of SWD. Finally, the authors suggested some direction to solve the problem related this study question and remarked the limitation of this study.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.138-149
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• 2015

In order to search for the reasonable planning directions for representing traditional landscape, this study conducted the comparative analysis of the designs on the panels and their constructions from both winners of "The Landscape Design Competitions for City Infrastructure of Minlak(2) District in Uijeongbu" and "The Design Competition for Dongtan(2) District Land Development Phase 1". The representing targets and views, the composition and placement of representing space, the design of representing facilities and landscape planting were examined based on the text, master plans, elevations and cross sections, diagrams, images, and perspective drawings proposed from the competition panels. Then, the landscape constructions were reviewed. The results are as follows: First, the types of the representing targets and views are the agricultural landscape, as the local landscape of target area, which are divided into the life space of a traditional village, the traditional water space, and the traditional culture. Second, as to the composition and placement of representing space, the traditional theme spaces are formulated considering the surrounding land use and the local cultural heritage. However, some spaces were changed to the exercise space or convenient facility spaces required in a neighborhood park. Third, in the case of the representing facilities, a round island in the square pond, a traditional pavilion and Hwagye(terraced flower bed) were made without the facilities designed creatively. Fourth, the application of traditional planting techniques was focused on planting trees in the village forest on an island in the square pond and on Hwagye. Fifth, the traditional representing work has gradually advanced with the selection of subject and experimental facility designs based on the professional references. Sixth, the choice of the realizable subject, the expertise for information analysis and the creative design of the traditional facility are required in the future.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.215-222
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• 2014

In this paper, parafoil airdrop system has been designed and analyzed. 6-degrees of freedom (6-DOF) model of the parafoil system is set up. Nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC) and Proportion integration differentiation (PID) methods were separately applied to adjust the flap yaw angle. Compared the results of setting time and overshoot time of yaw angle, it is found that the of yaw angle is more stable by using PID method. Then, trajectory following controller was designed based on the simulation results of trajectory following effects, which was carried out by using MATLAB. The lateral offset error of parafoil trajectory can be eliminated by its lateral deviation control. The later offset deviation reference was obtained by the interpolation of the current planning path. Moreover, using the designed trajectory, the trajectory following system was simulated by adding the wind disturbances. It is found that the simulation result is highly agreed with the designed trajectory, which means that wind disturbances have been eliminated with the change of yaw angle controlled by PID method.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.241-249
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• 2015

As radiation therapy is one of three major cancer treatment methods, many cancer patients get radiation therapy. To exposure as much radiation to cancer while normal tissues near tumor get little radiation, medical physicists make a radiotherapy plan treatment and perform quality assurance before patient treatment. Despite these efforts, unintended medical accidents can occur by some errors. In order to solve the problem, patient internal dose reconstruction methods by measuring transit dose are suggested. As feasibility study for development of patient dose verification system, inverse square law, percentage depth dose and scatter factor are used to calculate dose in the water-equivalent homogeneous phantom. As a calibration results of ionization chamber and glass dosimeter to transit radiation, signals of glass dosimeter are 0.824 times at 6 MV and 0.736 times at 10 MV compared to dose measured by ionization chamber. Average scatter factor is 1.4 and Mayneord F factor was used to apply percentage depth dose data. When we verified the algorithm using the water-equivalent homogeneous phantom, maximum error was 1.65%.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.51-60
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• 2018

This study was conducted to observe the effects of gravity and infra-gravity wave of detached submerged breakwater in the coast of Yeongnang-dong, Sokcho, as analyzing continuous wave data by performing field observations on the front area (W0) and rear area (W1, W2). Wave transmission coefficient ($K_t$) of submerged breakwater was analyzed in two parts, short-period wave (gravity wave) and infra-gravity wave. The wave energy reduction effect was analyzed and compared with the value of the design. In case of above wave height 2.0 m at the front area (W0) of the submerged breakwater, the short-period wave height at point W1 is reduced by about 65% and the short-period wave height at point W2 is reduced by about 59%. The depth of crest of submerged breakwater conducted in a sea area differs from the design, and the wave energy reduction effect is analyzed to be smaller than the design plan. The infra-gravity waves were amplified to 2.11 and 1.71 at the W1 and W2 points, respectively, and the wave height at W2 point was smaller than that at W1 point.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.201-206
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• 1998

IMRT optimization method on multiple slice has been developed by using gradient based algorithm. On about 10-30 CT slices including treatment region of a patient, dose optimization has been performed slice by slice to meet the condition that each organ should be exposed below maximum tolerable doses and that the tumor dose within the range of 100$\pm$5 %. Field size was limited to 8$\times$8 cm$^2$ and in this condition, beam divergence was not taken into account to calculate dose distribution. Total dose distribution was calculated by superposing each beamlet whose dose distribution had been precalculated. In order to investigate beam number dependency, dose optimization was performed for one, three, five, seven, and nine coplanar beams and then each optimization index was evaluated. It is found that optimization time was proportional to number of slices to be optimized, and the most efficient plan was obtained from the case of three-to-seven incident beams with respect to calculation time and optimization index. In conclusion, dose optimization of multiple slice was able to be obtained by repeating dose optimization of single slice under condition that the beam size is not too large to ignore beam divergence. And it turns out that result of dose optimization was so sensitive to the position of isocenter that some method to optimize isocenter position is needed to improve it.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.232-244
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• 2000

Domestic market of mass catering establishments has been increased greatly since early 90's with the emergence of professional mass catering business and the expansion of school food service. Because of the characteristics of mass catering establishment, feeding many people at a time, there is always a high potential of foodborne outbreak which requires special sanitary management to prevent. Large-scale outbreaks occurred last few years in Korea revealed the necessity of establishing strong safety measures for the sanitary management of mass catering establishments. Currently, many catering businesses are interested in Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points(HACCP), a new sanitary management system, and are trying to implement HACCP for their food services. Korean government is also undertaking model projects for mass catering establishments. Accordingly, numerous efforts are being given to dove op HACCP plans by the academia and industry, however, there has been no report on generic HACCP model which can be used directly for mass catering establishments dealing with numerous menus. Therefore, this study suggested a methodology to develop HACCP plans for domestic mass catering establishments and a generic HACCP model which can be applied to most Korean mass catering establishments hoping to implement HACCP system.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.247-253
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the outcomes of the specialized elective course program to be designed to help dental hygiene student to pursue the career by providing the opportunities of attendance to the diverse social settings. Students participating the specialized elective course were required to attend one of the related dental or dental hygiene institutes of their own choice during 2 weeks. After that to evaluate satisfaction of the specialized elective course, 70 of 103 students who have graduated dental hygiene school in Yonsei University responded questionnaire that consist of satisfaction on the specialized elective course, influence on career, change of attitude for career etc. The most students satisfied the specialized elective course(very good 21.4%, good 47.1%, and neutral 24.3%) and satisfaction on this program was significant among related dental institutes. The majority of students(87.1%) responded the specialized elective course to have Influence on their career. Aspect to change of attitude for career, 63 percent of students started serious consideration making a decision on career. This findings indicate that the most students satisfy the specialized elective course, and this program providing the opportunity of attendance to the diverse social settings seems to help dental hygiene student to pursue the career.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.123-129
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• 2012

Recently, interests on cleaning robots workable in pipes (termed as in-pipe cleaning robot) are increasing because Garbage Automatic Collection Facilities (i.e, GACF) are widely being installed in Seoul metropolitan area of Korea. So far research on in-pipe robot has been focused on inspection rather than cleaning. In GACF, when garbage is moving, the impurities which are stuck to the inner face of the pipe are removed (diameter: 300 mm or 400 mm). Thus, in this paper, by using TRIZ (Inventive Theory of Problem Solving in Russian abbreviation), an in-pipe cleaning robot of GACF with the 6-link sliding mechanism will be proposed, which can be adjusted to fit into the inner face of pipe using pneumatic pressure(not spring). The proposed in-pipe cleaning robot for GACF can have forward/backward movement itself as well as rotation of brush in cleaning. The robot body should have the limited size suitable for the smaller pipe with diameter of 300 mm. In addition, for the pipe with diameter of 400 mm, the links of robot should stretch to fit into the diameter of the pipe by using the sliding mechanism. Based on the conceptual design using TRIZ, we will set up the initial design of the robot in collaboration with a field engineer of Robot Valley, Inc. in Korea. For the optimal design of in-pipe cleaning robot, the maximum impulsive force of collision between the robot and the inner face of pipe is simulated by using RecurDyn(R) when the link of sliding mechanism is stretched to fit into the 400 mm diameter of the pipe. The stresses exerted on the 6 links of sliding mechanism by the maximum impulsive force will be simulated by using ANSYS$^{(R)}$ Workbench based on the Design Of Experiment(in short DOE). Finally the optimal dimensions including thicknesses of 4 links will be decided in order to have the best safety factor as 2 in this paper as well as having the minimum mass of 4 links. It will be verified that the optimal design of 4 links has the best safety factor close to 2 as well as having the minimum mass of 4 links, compared with the initial design performed by the expert of Robot Valley, Inc. In addition, the prototype of in-pipe cleaning robot will be stated with further research.