• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.72-78
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• 1999

This study was aimed to investigate the nature of functional impairment in social phobia and the correlation between the functional impairment and the duration of the disease, and the severity of the symptoms. In 66 patients with social phobia, the functional impairments were assessed with the SDS(Sheehan's disability scale) and the LSRDS(Liebowitz self-rated disability scale), and the severity of the symptoms was assessed with the SPS(social phobia scale). The results were summarized as follow : 1) Most of the social phobic patients reported moderate to severe impairment in their lives in areas of education, employment, family relationships, romantic relationships, social networks, and other interests, etc. 2) There was a significant correlation between the severity of the symptoms and the disability in their lives. 3) The offensive social phobic patients reported that they had more disability in their lives and more severe symptoms than non-offensive patients did. 4) There was no significant correlation between the duration of disease and the disability in their lives. Conclusively, we confirmed that social phobia was associated with the functional impairment in most areas of their lives.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.79-84
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• 1998

Authors report a case of poststroke bipolar disorder that occurs much less frequently than poststroke depression(PSD). A MRI study performed to identify the etiology of a secondary manic episode in a patient with preceded PSD after left basal ganglia infarction revealed newly developed right basal ganglia infarction associated with poststroke bipolar disorder. It is interesting to note that (1) the temporal relationship was found between the occurrence of PSD after left hemisphere stroke and the occurrence of poststroke bipolar disorder following right hemisphere stroke, and that (2) the occurrence of PSD and the occurrence of poststroke bipolar disorder are associated with lesion location respectively. It has been reported that bipolar disorders were associated with subcortical lesions of the right hemisphere, whereas right-cortical lesions led to unipolar mania and that risk factors for mania included a family history of psychiatric disorders and mild subcortical atrophy. In this case, MR image shows subcortical lesions of the right hemisphere and mild subcortical atrophy. The investigation of the relationships among stroke lesion locations and potstroke mood disorders and risk factors for poststroke bipolar disorder may contribute to understanding the neurobiology of primary mood disorder. A clinical implication is that the risk of secondary bipolar disorder after cerebral infarction should be highlighted.

• 월간산업보건
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• s.282
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• pp.60-64
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• 2011

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.99-105
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• 2007

Objectives : The purpose of present study was to investigate the effect, safety and tolerability of risperdal sachet(oral solution) with lorazepam tablet versus intramuscular haloperidol and lorazepam injection for management of acute psychotic symptom in the elderly with organic mental disorder. Methods : Total 37 patients who have dementia, medical or physical diseases, associated with acute psychotic symptom were randomly assigned to oral treatment with 1mg of risperdal sachet(oral solution) plus 1mg of lorazepam(N=17) or to intramuscular treatment with 2.5mg of haloperidol plus 2mg of lorazepam (N=20). The change of CGI scores was used for the evaluation of efficacy. Results : Mean score improvements at 15, 30, 60, and 120 minutes after treatment were statistically significant at each time point in both groups(p<0.001) and were similar in both groups(p=0.189). Conclusion : A single oral dose of risperdal sachet(oral solution) plus lorazepam was as effective and tolerable as parenterally administered haloperidol plus lorazepam for the rapid control of acute psychotic symptom in the elderly with organic mental disorder.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.7-14
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• 2024

Objectives We conducted a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials to investigate the therapeutic effects of mindfulness-based interventions on depressive symptoms in patients with major depressive disorder. Methods In February 2021, we searched Embase, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and AMED. Under the guidance of the corresponding author, two evaluators independently reviewed and selected articles based on predetermined selection criteria. Results Based on the selection criteria, we systematically screened and included a total of 12 randomized controlled trials comprising 720 cases for the final analysis. Utilizing a random-effects model for data analysis, we determined the Hedges' g value to be 0.787, indicating a medium-sized effect according to Cohen's interpretation. The 95% confidence interval for the effect size ranged from 0.414 to 1.160 (p-value < 0.0001). Conclusions This study reveals the potential effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions in treating depressive symptoms among patients with major depressive disorder.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.112-122
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• 2003

Objectives：Considerable data indicate that diminished serotonergic activity is related to aggressive behavior. In order to understand the biological etiology in conduct disorder, we studied the relationships of plasma serotonin and 5-HIAA levels in conduct disorders to measures of aggression, violation of rules and oppositional defiant behavior. Methods：Subjects were selected from inpatients and outpatients department of the Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry of Seoul National University Hospital. 41 conduct disorders(18 childhoodonset type, 23 adolescent-onset type) and 23 normal controls were included in this study. For the assessment of aggression, rule violation and oppositional behavior, parents completed the rating scale for conduct disorder and oppositional behavior based on the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria. Plasma serotonin and 5-HIAA levels were determined by HPLC with electrochemical detection. Results：1) Plasma 5-HT and 5-HIAA levels were not significantly different among childhood-onset conduct disorder, adolescent-onset conduct disorder and normal control subjects. 2) No significant correlations were found between plasma 5-HT levels and aggression or rule violation. 3) Plasma 5-HT levels showed significant positive correlations with oppositional behavior both in childhood-onset conduct disorder and adolescent-onset conduct disorder. 4) Age-related changes were not found in plasma 5-HT and 5-HIAA levles. Conclusion：Our findings do not support the hypothesis that dysregulation of serotonergic function may be associated with aggresson. Instead, our data suggest that serotonergic function is more closely related with oppositional behavior than aggression.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.55-60
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• 2002

Central pontine myelinolysis(CPM) and Extrapontine myelinolysis(EPM) are uncommon neurologic disorders associated with osmotic inequality between the extracellular fluid compartment and intracellular fluid compartment in the brain. Myelinolysis can occur in hyponatremia and after rapid correction of hyponatremia. It may be caused by various metabolic disturbances such as chronic alcoholism, malnourishment, cancer, chronic renal failure and organ transplantation. The authors reported a 43-year-old male patient who have received a kidney transplantation because of chronic renal failure due to diabetic nephropathy. The patient manifested psychotic symptoms such as delusion, loosened association, hallucination, inappropriate affect and aggressiveness as a sequele of CPM and EPM. He also showed neurocognitive impairment such as disorientation, memory impairment, decresed intelligence and aphasia. These manifestations are rare in CPM and EPM. We discuss the clinical features, diagnosis, course and management of the patient which may be clinically significant in the neuropsychiatric aspect especially at the consultation-liaison field.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.136-141
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• 2014

Objectives : The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between internet game addiction and psychiatric symptoms. Methods : A total of 447 adolescents who were recruited from a child and adolescent psychiatric clinic of university hospital completed a self-report questionnaire consisting of Korean Internet Addiction Self-scale (K-scale), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Korean-Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Rating Scale (K-ARS), and Adolescent Happiness Index (AHI). They were classified into three internet user groups, non-addicted group (below or equal to 94), potential risk group (95 to 107) and high risk group (above or equal to 108) according to K-scale total score. Results : Significant mean differences in BDI, BAI, K-ARS, and AHI scores were observed among the three groups. The BDI, BAI and K-ARS scores showed positive correlation with K-score. The AHI score showed negative correlation with K-score. Conclusion : Findings of this study suggest that depression, anxiety, inattention, hyperactivity/impulsivity, and happiness are associated with internet game addiction.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.155-160
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• 2020

Objectives : This study investigate to identify the stability of temperament and personality characteristics of patients including Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) patients. Methods : The number of subjects was 102, of which 33 were PTSD patients and 69 were non-PTSD patients. To demonstrate the change in individual temperament and personality characteristics, Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) were administered repeatedly on the subjects. Repeated measures ANOVA and simple main effects analysis were conducted. Results : When analysed by dividing the subjects into PTSD groups and non-PTSD groups, the differences between the primary and secondary tests did not appear in the non-PTSD groups, but the differences between the primary and secondary tests were significant in Harm Avoidance (HA), Reward Dependence (RD), Self-Directedness (SD), Cooperativeness (C). In addition, it was noted that the time and group interaction effects of HA, RD, SD and C were significant, and that the main effects of time of HA, RD, SD and C were significant. Conclusions : This study is meaningful in that in the course of experience and recovery of traumatic events, we have clinically confirmed that changes in the temperament, known as stable variables, are possible.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.3-26
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• 1993

Leo Kanner (1943)의 자폐증에 관한 획기적 논문발표 50주년을 맞아, 자폐증의 개념변천, 분류, 의학, 원인설 및 자폐증의 본질을 문헌고찰을 통해 살펴 보았다. 초기에 자폐증을 정신병의 아형으로 보다가 1980년 (DMS-III)을 기점으로 전반적 발달장애로의 개념 변천이 일어났다 원인설도, 초기의 심리${\cdot}$환경설은 지지 받지 못하고 1960년대에는 신경${\cdot}$생물학적 이상이 자폐병리의 기저를 이룸이 분명해 졌고 1970년대에는 지각과 운동, 감각과 인지 통합의 결함, 심각한 언어, 인지의 장해가 일차적인 결함으로 생각 되었다 최근 1980년 후반기 부터 상징적${\cdot}$표상적 인지의 결함, 타인의 감정과 생각의 이해 결함, 사회적${\cdot}$정감적 표현의 결함등 사회${\cdot}$정서발달의 이상이 자폐의 근본적 결함이라는 비교 관찰 연구가 많이 보고되어, 자폐증의 근본적이고 일차적인 결함이 정감적 접촉의 선천적 장애라는 Kanner의 놀라운 임상적 통찰을 증명해 주고 있다. 저자는 이상의 광범위한 문헌 고찰을 통해 자폐장애를 일차성 애착장애로 개념화하고 앞으로 치료, 교육의 방향도 일차적으로 사회${\cdot}$정서발달에 촛점을 두어야 하며, 특히 어머니와의 애착증진 치료가 필요함을 제안하고 있다.