• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.103-116
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• 2017

The objective of this study is to examine the effect of the serve employee which is thought as important but has not been studied almost on the response actions to the customer and organization. we tried provide the administrative implications for the black consumer management. This study built a exploratory empirical model that there is causal relationship of the service sector employee on the attitude to the customer and organization on the base of the exploratory consideration. To test hypotheses empirically, the questionnaire data were collected from 262 members of service sector in Busan and was analyzed by using Regression Analysis. Results of empirical analysis are as follow. 1) perceived black consumer behavior which service sector employee has the significant positive effect on the misbehavior to the customer. looking in detail, repetitiveness, insistence, deception, excessiveness are significant positive effect on the misbehavior to the customer. 2) perceived black consumer behavior which service sector employee has the significant positive effect on the misbehavior to the organization. looking in detail, excessiveness only have a positive effect on the misbehavior to the organization. 3) The significance of this study indicates that encourage plays a role as moderating variable influencing the relationship between perceived black consumer behavior and employee misbehavior. Specifically, The significance of this study indicates that encourage plays a role as moderating variable influencing the relationship between perceived excessiveness which the demension of the black consumer behavior and employee misbehavior. Lastly, this study suggested the implication of the result, the limitation and the direction of future study. The results of this study provide suggestion to the company.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.277-289
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• 2017

This research was psychological convergence research for job satisfaction improvement of emotional worker, and verified the effects of jobscape on psychological welfare and moderating effects of ego-resilience through the relation between jobscape and psychological welfare. Research hypothesis was verified by SPSS 20.0 program based on surveys from workers in travel agency in Seoul. As a result, jobscape that includes physical, emotional and social environment has a positive effect on psychological well-being and has a negative effect on psychological burnout. Moreover, ego-resilience plays a moderating role in relation among these factors. Based on the result, this study suggests that jobscape is an important factor in psychological welfare of the employees in tourism industry and emphasizes the importance of role of the employees' ego-resilience by revealing ego-resilience as an important moderating variable.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.592-601
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of individual emotional characteristics (empathetic concern and emotional contagion) on emotional labor (frequency of emotional display, intensity and variety of emotional display, surface acting, and deep acting) of school dietitians. Data was collected through a questionnaire survey of 309 school dietitians and then analyzed statistically by SPSS 18.0 package program. The results of this study were as follows: empathetic concern (3.93) occurred more often than emotional contagion (3.22) in school dietitians. The older (p < 0.001) and more experienced (p < 0.01) they were, the higher empathetic concern they had. It showed that married dieticians (p < 0.001), nutrition teachers (p < 0.01), and dieticians who were working in elementary schools (p < 0.01) had a higher rate of empathetic concern than single dieticians, non-nutrition teachers, and dieticians who were working in middle and high schools, respectively. Their level of emotional labor was the highest in deep acting (3.32), followed by surface acting (3.28), frequency (3.12), intensity and variety (3.09). According to multiple regression analysis, emotional contagion proved to be strongly significant and positively related to frequency of emotional display (${\beta}=0.257$, p < 0.001). Both empathetic concern (${\beta}=0.117$, p < 0.05) and emotional contagion (${\beta}=0.162$, p < 0.01) were positively related to intensity and variety of emotional display, and empathetic concern (${\beta}=0.173$, p < 0.01) had also an effect on deep acting. These results suggested that the emotional labor of school dietitians should be managed on the organizational viewpoint, not a personal matter.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.537-547
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of emotional labor, somatic symptoms, and emotional support on quality of life among middle-aged women workers. Methods: The study design was a descriptive survey research. Data were collected from October 2013 to January 2014 in Korea. A self-reported questionnaire was administerd in a convenience sample of 264 middle aged women in various working places. The survey included socio-demographic and job-related factors, and the questionnaires about emotional labor, somatic symptoms, emotional support, and quality of life. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, pearson's correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression. Results: Stepwise multiple regression showed that somatic symptoms had the greatest effect on quality of life (${\beta}=-1.65$, p<.001), followed by emotional support (${\beta}=0.67$, p<.001), and job satisfaction (${\beta}=3.98$, p<.001). And these variables accounted for 52% of quality of life among middle-aged women workers (F=97.14, p<.001). Conclusion: These results suggest for clinical nurses to take somatic symptoms, emotional support, and job satisfaction into special account in order to improve the middle aged women worker's quality of life. Ultimately, a health promotion program focusing on these influential variables in workplace need to be developed for the given population.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.66
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• pp.103-128
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• 2017

Slaves have been investigated around diaries or slave ownership papers of nobilities up to now. While slaves were described in tales or stories on loyal slaves or historic tales, slaves were not sufficiently examined. This paper analyzed the actual awareness on slaves through the description on slaves in Chinese poem. It was generally very difficult to deal with young slaves because young slaves were included in the lowest class without education and not an adult. The fugitive slaves were loss of labor and brought the emotional betrayal. There were spells to make fugitive slaves return. The sense of loss was nearly same in the death of slaves as in the death of family members. The longer the slaves lived with owners, the greater the sense of loss was. However, the difference of awareness on slaves per period was not identified in this paper. It can be identified only by fully examining more data on slaves. It will be the theme of further study.

• (The) Research of the performance art and culture
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• no.42
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• pp.257-290
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• 2021

The Wonju Nongyo (agricultural work song) is geographically classified as eastern minyo (folk song) which has many distinctive, regional features such as tunes, forms and the use of a melodic line. There has been growing attention to the transmission value of the nongyo including the Wonju Eorirang of the Wonju Origol Nongyo and its region of origin. The Wonju Nongyo is of great value and worthy of preservation in the western part of Gangwon Province. For this reason, it seems fairer to say that a focus should be directed towards establishing the identity of the song and increasing the contextualisation of transmission. At the same time, the preservation association's efforts in passing the traditional song down and education activities fairly deserve equal attention. In addition to the way the folk songs are handed down, a discussion on the facilitation of their use will be required. An in-depth discussion about the restoration and use of the song will be encouraged in a multifaceted manner. Unfortunately, few of the previous literatures on nongyo has gone so far as to investigate Arirang as a separate research topic. In fact, the Wonju Origol Nongyo should be viewed as an intangible cultural asset that paved the way for performance artistry of the Korean agricultural work songs to be seen at a national folk art festival. From the perspective of regional characteristics (traditionally termed "tori"), the Wonju Eorirang represents the cultural value of the manners and customs of our locals which constitute unwritten and neglected literary property and musicality of the song. Particularly, a more attention should be paid to making a record of woodcutters and diversity of farmers' small cooperative groups. The existence of the Wonju Eorirang indicates that the melodies to which the song are sung in Nongyo are of infinite variety. A minyo-singer unfolds various journeys of life through various modes and structure of epic chants, ranging from first encounter, love to marriage, realistic problems to relationship with husband's family and death. The epic chant of the Wonju Origol Nongyo contains a rich variety of regional sentiments about life. In particular, the epic chants of the Galtteukgisor and Ssoeltteukgisori are a genius example of sexual satire and a sense of humor. In the past, the agricultural work songs were rhythmic songs served to synchronize physical movements in groups, coordinating tasks in upland farming and rice paddy with the usage of catchy, repetitive verses easy to pass down. The Wonju Origol Nongyo is a precursor of the work songs which took the farming activities a notch higher to be part of the excitement and festivals. In the context of transmission, a festival serves to demonstrate the value of history and life. The value of the Wonju Eorirang should be appreciated and a concerted effort should be made to find a way to facilitate the transmission of the folk song. A folk-singer is a traditional oral poet and a storyteller of minyo and the forms and species of melody solely depend on the signer. The combination of performance and witticism is shown by the singer freely expressing himself. The Origol Nongyo symbolizes ethnic arts cleverly combining playful effects such as tune, rhythm and old agricultural work of the region. It is to be hoped that much of the efforts is directed to designating such folk songs as the archetype of a cultural heritage. In terms of the foundation on which the folk songs are transmitted, the usage(Performance Content) of a community would be an alternative.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.5-33
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• 2018

A self-sufficiency service has worked as a typical workfare policy combined with public assistance in Korea since 2000. Despite of its long history, three core pillars in administrating the self-sufficiency service, policy, research, and practice, have respectively understood the meaning of self-sufficiency in terms of their own interests. As a result, the self-sufficiency service has recently faced with its own identity issues by showing failures to its environmental changes. The current situation makes it necessary to reconceptualize the definition of self-sufficiency by exploring its in-depth understanding perceived by service providers. Specifically, we analyzed practical reflections on 35 service providers' experiences which were collected via focus group interviews for two hours. The study findings presented that service providers had two antithetical approaches towards self-sufficiency. While a dominant approach to self-sufficiency has been concentrated on improving clients' economic outcomes such as employment, job retention, the escape from welfare trap, and increasing earnings and assets, the other approach has been extended to empower clients and achieve their well-being and quality of life. Yet, these contrary perspectives have led to suffer from their role confusions and identity crisis between the work-ready process and the employment-oriented outcomes. Specifically, they described self-sufficiency in terms of psychological, social, and integrated aspects. The psychological aspect included a process of developing inner strengths, intensifying job motivation, and coping with barriers of employment. The social aspect meant a path toward social integration through recovering human relationships. The integrated aspect covered more comprehensive support for their recovery of daily life and autonomy to make a decision for their own life. In conclusion, the study findings suggest that self-sufficiency should be more extensively considered as a stepwise process towards work-ready preparations beyond ultimate economic outcomes. Such an extended concept of self-sufficiency could contribute to restructuring the whole practice of self-sufficiency including organizational and program changes in the fields.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.1-18
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• 2012

This study investigated the mate selection preferences of single female teachers by investigating the desired traits in socioeconomic, physical attractions, psychological traits and family roles of their prospected marital partner, in order to explore the current trends in homogamous marriage. A questionnaire was distributed to 295 unmarried female teachers selected by convenience sampling from the various cities. The teachers pursued homogeneity in age, educational attainment, religion, and occupation while they preferred partners with higher income level. In terms of physical assets, the attraction that the teachers felt towards the partner was the most important physical appearances. The respondents preferred partners who are masculine and an androgynous partner. The teachers held high expectations towards their future spouses in that they desired to share the roles of emotional, financial support, child care and kin keeping. A partner who shared modern sex role attitudes was preferred over someone who held traditional one. The pursuit for overall homogeneity reflects that the teachers seek for equality in their relationships with prospected marital partners by exchanging similar characteristic.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.34
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• pp.197-217
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• 2014

The 1920s and 1930s ushered in "the golden age" of Chinese comics when the comics flourished. Satirical cartoons in modern Chinese comics were popular due to emotional instability and war caused by foreign powers. Among many popular comics, this paper analyzes in the 1920s and in the 1930s which were made into films and dramas. Chapter Two shows that China in the Republican era of China expanded its consumer culture into some sectors like films, novels, magazines and fashion in the 1920s and 1930s. However, more than any other things, this chapter considers from the historical perspective "the golden age" of comics including comic magazine in the 1930s and a history of comic magazines that gained popularity with conventional and common story. Chapter Three explains that social satire cartoons were in vogue since the May Fourth Movement and anti-imperialistic and semi-feudalistic stories in the 1920s were realized in life. It also says that comics that describes the negative sides of its society were popular. Ye QianYu, a cartoonist, portrayed many facets of Shanghai through : the daily life of the middle and lower classes, bureaucratic corruption and sympathy for the working class. drawn by Zhang LePing describes the unfair social system between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat and the gap between the rich and poor through the main character, the powerless and poor orphan. and lampooned the reality of its time in an objective, witty and humorous way in terms of ethics and economy respectively. The researcher chooses to study and which are very familiar to us, because good cartoons, animations and movies stimulate the feelings about our surroundings.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.10
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• pp.222-230
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• 2020

This study verified the effect size of related factors through meta-analysis based on master's theses and doctoral dissertations and academic journal papers studied in Korea for the past 10years in relation to the resilience of childcare teachers. The verification results are as follows. First, the overall effect size of the protection factors was large. In addition, the personality factor group was the largest among the protection factor groups, followed by the job characteristic factor group and the organizational attribute factor group. Second, among the protection factors, all the sub-factors except the organizational characteristic factor group-ledger leadership and job characteristic factor group-emotional labor, which showed the medium effect size, showed a large effect size. Third, the overall effect size of the risk factor showed a large effect size. The organizational characteristic factor group-burnout showed a larger effect size than the job characteristic factor group-job stress. In conclusion, this study is meaningful in that it attempted a quantitative integration to examine objective results by integrating the previous studies in relation to the resilience of childcare teachers over the past 20 years. In addition, it is significant that it provided basic data for the development of policies and policy developments to improve the resilience of childcare teachers.