• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.12
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• pp.453-460
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• 2015

This study aims to investigate the effect of walking exercise on the improvement of housewives' Self-esteem, Stress, or Depression. Among 35-45 year-old housewives 24 subjects were divided into experimental and control groups of 12. Total of 45 experiments on walking exercise program were conducted three times a week, for 15 weeks, lasted over 30 min to 10,000 steps. The result is as follows. About the improvement of Self-esteem, Stress, Depression, there was significant difference of not only the main effect between the groups but also the main effect between prior and post. And there was significant difference of the interaction effects between groups and periods. From the results, we can know walking exercise have a positive effect on the improvement of Self-esteem, Stress, or Depression for housewives of no sustained exercise. As regular physical activity, regarding convergence, is good for emotional development, we suggest housewives may have to join in physical activities consistently.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.7
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• pp.309-315
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• 2018

As the participation in marine sports activities has increased according to the increased national income, changes in lifestyle, etc., this study explored various values and possibilities towards a sport for all, which are inherent in marine sports, through the literature research with respect to leisure activities, sport for all, and marine sports. As a result of study, marine sports include the functional values, such as leisure satisfaction and welfare function, as a tool to improve the quality of life, which the sport for all may have, and not only have a positive impact on individual lives, but further, can also contribute to raising the level of social well-being. Marine sports are directly experienced physical activities utilizing nature and importantly functioning in human beings' understanding nature; especially, it could be found that they have the high emotion-educational value which could make the right personality formed for the adolescents in modern society, whose unrealistic leisure activities account for the most part of their leisure time. These results suggest that marine sports contain sufficient positive values and possibilities as a sport for all, and the value as a sport for all could be realized which marine sports may have through active participation.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.11
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• pp.692-710
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• 2021

This study aimed to validate the Awareness of Age-Related Change (AARC) scale developed by Brothers et al. (2019) for the Korean elderly. This study took the elderly people in Seoul (over 65 years old) as participants to examine the aging perception of the elderly themselves. For this purpose, we conducted exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses (EFA, CFA) with two samples (sample 1: N = 185; sample 2: N = 215). EFA revealed and CFA confirmed a two-factor structure consisting of awareness of gains and awareness of losses. Specifically, the awareness of losses had two subfactors consisting of awareness of losses in health and awareness of losses in non-health, while the awareness of gains had no subfactor. Finally, we examined the relationship between AARC, attitudes toward own aging, and emotions then discussed the implication, limitations of this study, and future direction.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.99-130
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• 2012

Service failure and a poor service recovery may lead loyal customers to try to aggressively punish the service firm. We use perceived betrayal and desire for vengeance as the key constructs to understand customer retaliation. Perceived betrayal is defined as a customer's belief that a firm has intentionally violated what is normative in the context of their relationship. And the desire for vengeance is defined as the retaliatory feelings that consumers feel toward a firm, such as the desire to exert harm on the firm. The perceived betrayal and the desire for vengeance are key antecedents of retaliatory behaviors such as vindictive complaining, negative WOM and third-party complaining for publicity. The empirical results suggest that betrayal is a key motivational factor that lead customers to restore fairness by making use of all means, including retaliation. We also find that relationship quality has effect on a customer's response to a failure in service recovery. As the levels of relationship increases, a violation of the proper fairness has a stronger effect on the sense of betrayal experienced by customers. Considerable research has investigated consumer responses to dissatisfaction. But our study examine the response of outraged and highly frustrated consumers. We focus on emotional and behavioral processes that have not been covered by previous dissatisfaction researches and which are unique to outraged consumers caused by extremely dissatisfied purchase experience. It has recently been pointed out by various mass media that the customers not only have positive effects on the company performance but also put the company in crisis. It has often been reported that one customer's dissatisfaction, for example, never ends as it is, and it tends to grow for retaliating upon the company, depending on the level of seriousness of the dissatisfaction. This sometimes leads to a lawsuit against the company. Our study focuses on the customers' emotional and behavioral responses induced by their extreme dissatisfactions. We divided the customer groups into the customers with high relationship quality and the customers with low relationship quality, and the difference between two groups is examined. The objective of this study is to comprehend the causal relationship between the feeling of betrayal caused by the service failure and the retaliatory behavior triggered by the desire of revenge. Our study is divided into three parts. First, a causal relationship between perceived unfairness and the perceived betrayal and desire for revenge. Second, the effect of the perceived betrayal and desire for revenge on the retaliatory behavior is investigated. Finally, the moderating role of relationship quality in the causal relationship between the unfairness in service recovery and the perceived betrayal is analyzed. This study finds the following empirical results. The distributive unfairness, procedural unfairness and interactional unfairness had significant effects on the perceived betrayal. Especially, the perceived distributive unfairness results in the highest perceived betrayal. When the service company does not provide customers proper and sufficient compensation for the failure, they feel the strong sense of betrayal. And in the causal relationship between the perceived betrayal, desire for revenge and retaliatory behavior, the perceived betrayal has significant effects on e desire for revenge. In addition desire for revenge has significant effects on negative word of mouth, retaliatory complaining behavior and publicity of complaints through third group. Therefore the perceived unfairness has effects on retaliatory behavior through the mediation of the perceived betrayal and desire for revenge. Finally the moderating role of relationship quality was examined in the relationship between the unfairness and perceived betrayal. If the customers experienced the perceived unfairness in the process of service recovery, the customers with high relationship quality feel the stronger perceived betrayal than the customers with low relationship quality do. When they experience the double service failure, the customer group with high relationship quality accumulating the sense of trust feel the more perceived betrayal than the customer with low relationship quality who do not have strong trust. The contribution of this study is to find the effect of the service failure on the retaliatory behavior with the moderating roles of relationship quality. The dimensions of unfairness in service recovery is found to have differential effects on the perceived betrayal, desire for revenge. And these differential effect is moderated by the level of relationship quality.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.157-180
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• 2012

The purposes of this study are to design and apply an experienced-based reading program using picture books for the struggling readers to improve their reading ability; and to analyze and verify how this program influences their self-esteem. The final objects of this study are 53 struggling readers who are 1-4th graders in 8 elementary schools. For this, the specific goals are set up as follows: First, an experience-based reading program using ADDIE teaching design model and Kolb's experience learning cycle are planned and developed to improve reading abilities and self-esteem of the struggling readers. Second, it also aimed to clarify how the experience-based reading program using picture books influence the struggling readers' self-esteem in affective ones. As a result, this experience-based reading program using picture books is effective on improving the struggling readers' self-esteem, generally. Although the degree of improvement is different from each of the subordinate factors, the overall scores of self-esteem are raised. This study suggests that an experience-based reading program using picture books is appropriate for improving the affective characteristics of the struggling readers. And it is also needed to produce a research manual to get the same test condition that prescribes the methods of pre-test and post-test.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.10
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• pp.236-246
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• 2018

This study aimed to analyse the effects of a self-regulation group counselling program on self-esteem and self-control in adolescents on probation. In respect to sub-areas of the effects the self-regulation group counselling program had on self-esteem in adolescents, there were statistically significant differences in general self-esteem, social self-esteem and family self-esteem. Also, there were statistically significant differences in all the areas including impulse control and emotional control as sub-areas of self-control. Such results experimentally showed that the self-regulation group counselling program had a significant effect on self-esteem and self-control in adolescents on probation. Therefore, it is expected that the probability of repeating their crimes will decrease greatly if the subjects have self-esteem and self-control enhanced through the group counselling program. It is suggested further studies on the self-regulation group counselling program and its practical use are needed to enhance self-esteem and self-control in adolescents on probation.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.87-94
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to explore the essential meaning of Deokhu's culture in adolescent as a play space on Cyber. A phenomenological research method guided data collection and analysis. Qualitative research methods collected from 18 in - depth interviews using semistructured question types for 13 to 17 year - old adolescents living in Seoul Jamsil. As a result, As a result, adolescent's Deokhu culture started by stress and social and emotional desire, and especially it was utilized as a play space on the cyber of purchase activity of fandom and goods around SNS activities. This has a positive effect on self-awareness as well as self-identity formation. Above all, the shortage of play time due to heavy school entrance and the lack of socially provided play space make the cyber space as another play space for the adolescents.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.1-27
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to show the reading aloud has good influence on students from $3^{rd}$ to $5^{th}$ grade to improve their reading attitude and self-esteem. For performing the study, the experiment group consists of children of 10 groups in 10 elementary schools from 7 regions, while the control group is made up the class of certain grade in participation school. Students in experimental groups are respectively read 5 books assigned from each group on total 13 times-for 60 minutes once a week. For measuring the reading attitude and self-esteem of students, we use modified questionnaires. The result in here statistically presents reading aloud activity have a meaningful effect to improve the overall reading attitude which includes subordinate areas such as awareness, behavior, emotional area of elementary students. Also, this activity gives elementary students the positive effect to develop their self-esteem, but it does not mean statistically except self-esteem of social-peers. As a result, the reading aloud activity provides the schoolchild with enjoyable reading experience.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.02c
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• pp.194-198
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• 2007

본 연구의 주제는 텍스트를 어떻게 회화적이미지로 전환시킬 수 있을까?에 대한 것이다. 오늘날 디지털 환경 속에 있는 우리는 이미지 중심의 세계 속에 살고 있다. 과거 텍스트가 해왔던 정보의 생산과 전달 그리고 저장의 역할을 오늘날은 상당부분 이미지가 하게 되었다. 하지만 그럼에도 불구하고 아날로그 방식과 정서는 여전히 우리 곁에 남아있는 것도 사실이다. "Yesterday to Today"는 문자의 최소 단위인 알파벳을 통하여 이미지를 재현하려는 작품이다. 이 작품은 크게 두 가지 Idea로 이루어지는데 하나는 복수개의 실시간 영상 소스를 이용하여 이미지를 구성해내는 것과, 다른 하나는 텍스트에 의한 이미지의 변환이다. 복수개의 실시간 영상 소스는 프로그램이 작동하는 컴퓨터와 직/간접적으로 연결되어 전달되는데, 직접적으로 연결되어 근거리의 특정한 지점으로부터 영상 소스를 받을 수 있고, 또 하나의 방법은 인터넷을 통한하나 이상의 원거리 지점으로부터 보내어지는 영상을 조합하여 받을 수 있다. 프로그램 구현 개념은 픽셀 소스 카메라에서 캡쳐된 최초 이미지를 명도, 색상, 채도로 분류하고, 이것의 각각을 26개의 구간-자판의 개수에 의하여 정해짐-으로 나누고, 다시 그 각각의 구간을 26단계로 나눈다. 이렇게 나누어진 구간들은 알파벳과 1:1로 대응시켜 결과이미지의 해당 부분을 수치대로 재현하도록 프로그램 시킨다. 이미지의 부분들을 지정하기 위하여 특정한 텍스트로부터 알파벳의 빈도수를 조사했는데, 이 조사를 바탕으로 빈도수의 많고 적음에 따라 이미지부분들이 26개 구간으로 정해졌다. 이미지 재현 방법은 사용자가 모니터 위의 Result Image Cam을 통하여 얻고자 하는 이미지를 캡쳐한 후, 특정한 텍스트를 타이핑하면 이미지를 재현할 수 있는데, -입력된 텍스트의 알파벳은 프로그램이 지정한 HSI 컬러 모델의 영역과 1:1로 대응하게 하였다-이 이미지는 특정 장소에 실시간으로 받아진 영상을 데이터화 한 소스에 의하여 만들어진다. 이미지를 재현할 때 텍스트에 따라 알파벳 빈도수는 달라질 수 있으므로 비록 최초 이미지가 동일할지라도 얻고자하는 결과 이미지가 달라진다. 그러므로 사용자는다양한 창조적 경험을 할 수 있다.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.52
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• pp.171-212
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• 2017

Music has been created and played in various environments over a long time, with each piece having distinct sentiments and stories. Different people can have varying interpretations of one song depending on their viewpoints shaped by personal experiences and attitudes. In fact, the audience's understanding may differ greatly from the songwriter's intended message. Knowing this, music can serve as a reflection of one's contemporary sentiment. In the works of art such as music, the creator's intention becomes the background of the work or, sometimes, the main meaning. However, given that popular music is often under the control of companies and distributors and influenced by "capital," creators are required to adjust to mainstream preferences and, therefore, cannot fully express themselves in their music. On the other hand, indie music allows creators to pursue their own music given its "independence" from capital. With this, this study aims to collect and analyze data on the activities that Korean indie bands carry out, and examine their meaning and significance in society.