• Convergence Security Journal
• /
• v.16 no.6_1
• /
• pp.67-74
• /
• 2016

The development of weapon systems that look only be introduced as a huge budget directly related to combat rea diness. If we develop the expensive equipment it will not be the same state or have to wait a lot of time in mainten ance facilities for maintenance, which will have a profound impact on the exercise Efficiency. In order to solve this problem, the operation and use state of the weapon system requires effort to successfully p erform the duties held by the defined and assigned, Further analysis should be conducted RAM in order to reduce m aintenance manpower and logistic support costs. The role of business is to increase the RAM system reliability by L ee to Fig system failure rate from the development and maintenance, and reduced life cycle costs. Therefore, the present study was to determine the RAM to perform analysis procedures and methods and limita tions of each element, such as to maximize the effectiveness of comprehensive logistics support and help to study to become an effective logistics support.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
• /
• v.11 no.3
• /
• pp.3-12
• /
• 2010

Recently, workers on construction sites can hardly understand their tasks and the process of the tasks because the construction projects are becoming large and complex. Due to the complexity, workers need a tool that can help them understand their works and some paper-based manuals exist to support them. However, the existing paperbased manuals are not actively used by workers due to the low credibility of information on the manual. In particular, paper-based manual can not be updated frequently because those manuals have to be manually updated by experts. Thus, the credibility of information is decreased and the decrease let the users distrust information of the paper-based manual. Therefore, this research analyzed the feature of wiki-based system and suggested an wiki-based IETM(Interactive Electronic Technical Manual) system model that can be modified by users, and then conducted a survey through a prototype based on urban regeneration project. The result of the survey indicated that wikibased IETM can improve the stakeholder communication by reinforcing the process of creating knowledge as well as knowledge itself.

• Information and Communications Magazine
• /
• v.11 no.10
• /
• pp.120-138
• /
• 1994

최근에 정보 고속도로 사업계획과 관련하여 세계 여러나라들이 실시하거나 실시 예정인 VOD 시험서비스에 많은 관심이 일고 있다. VOD서비스와 같은 대화형 TV 서비스(I-TV, Interactive-TV Service)는 컴퓨터, 통신 가전업체 그리고 영화 제작사등이 함께 참여하고 있다. 본 기고에서는 차세대 통합 멀티미디어 사업이라는 대화형 TV서비스의 개요와 요소기술, 그리고 서비스의 동향 및 전망을 알아보기로 한다. 1. 대화형 TV 서비스(Interactive TV Service)의 개요 현재까지 대부분의 TV 시청자들은 방송국으로부터 송신되는 공중파나 CATV서비스를 통해 프로그램 서비스를 받아보는 방송(broadcasting)방식 형태의 서비스를 이용해 왔다. 그러나 이러한 일방적인 수신방식은 최근 미국의 클린턴 행정부가 미국의 차세대 기반 통신망 구축 정책(정보 고속도로 사업; Information Super High-way)의 일환으로, CATV 사업자뿐만 아니라 지역 전화회사까지도 참여하고 있는 VOD(Video On Demand) 시험서비스가 시행됨에 따라서 미국은 물론, 우리나라를 비롯한 여러나라에서 대화형식의 TV서비스를 시행하려는 움직임이 일어나고 있다. 이러한 움직임은 지난 ‘92년 7월 16일 미 연방통신위원회(FCC. Federal Communication Committee)가 그동안 전화회사에 대해 CATV 시업진출을 금지하였던 정책을 바꿔서, CATV에 대항한 경쟁도입과 기반 정보통신망 정비를 목표로 하여 비디오 다이얼톤(VDT(주), Video Dial Tone)이라는 이름하에 공중통신 사업자에게도 영상신호를 전송을 인가함에 따라 시작되었다. VOD서비스와 같은 대화형 TV서비스는 가입자가 원하는 서비스를 시간에 관계없이 댁내의 통신회선(일반전화망, 케이블망, 광화이버망, 위성망)을 통해서 요구 즉시 실시간에 서비스를 받아볼 수 있는 멀키미디어의 통합서비스 방식이다. 도한 이 서비스는 음성통신과 방송의 통합형 서비스로서, 방송국, 전화회사 혹은 서비스 제공업자(ISP ; Information Service Provider)에 의해 제공된 디지탈 영상 및 일반 데이터 등을 압축하여 서버에 저장한 후, 소비자의 요청이 있을 경우에 통신회선을 통해 즉시 서비스 해준다. 이와 같은 대화형 TV 서비스의 구성요소로는 다양한 영상정보 및 데이타를 보유하고 있는 정보제공자, 전화선이나 CATV 또는 위성방송과 연결해 주는 지역별 비디오 서버 및 교환장치, 통신회선을 통해 전송된 서비스를 영상정보로 만들어주고 또한 가입자의 요구를 즉시 정보제공자에게 알려줄 수 있는 가정용 단말기 (STB. Set Top Box)로 이루어진다. 여기서, 비디오 서버는 다양한 대화형 TV 서비스를 제공해 주는 중계자로서, 영화, 홈쇼핑, 홈뱅킹, 대화형 교육, 비디오 게임 등을 가정에서도 가능하게 해 줄 뿐 아니라, 가입자를 관리하는 기능을 가지고 있어서 가입자 정보는 물론, 각종 서비스 사용료, 개인 통계자료 분석 등도 집계할 수 있는 기능을 가지고 있다.(그림1) 본 기고에서는 이러한 대화형 TV서비스 중에 대표적 응용서비스인 VOD 서비스에 사용되는 기술요소와 각국에서 진행되고 있는 VOD 서비스 동향 및 전망에 대해 알아보고자 한다. (주) VDT(Video Dial Tone) : FCC가 ‘92년 7월 16일에 인가한 지역 전화회사에 의한 가정용 영상 전송서비스 및 CATV에 대항한 경쟁도입과 Infrastructure의 정비를 목표로 하여 결정한 내용은 다음과 같다. 지역 전화회사에 대하여 (1) 공중통신사업자에 대하여 서비스 제공자에 대한 영상신호의 전송을 인가(기본서비스), (2) Video Gateway 서비스, 비디오 기기 제공, 서비스 제공사업자에 대한 과금, 요금징수 대행을 인가(고도서비스), (3) 프로그램 제공자에 대하여 자본출자율을 5%로 높이는 외에 (종래는 1%) 업무 관계의 확대(합병회사 설립 및 consultant 계약 등)를 인가. (4) Rural 지역(영업지역의회의 지방)에 대한 직접 프로그램 제공의 특별인가(주민이 1만세데 미만의 지방 공공 단체만 가능, 영업지역내에서는 제한없음), (5) 지방공공 사업체에 의한 영업면허의 불요(지역 전화회사가 직접 사용자에 서비스를 제공하지 않기 때문에 CATV 서비스로는 보지 않기 때문). (6)의 회로의 권고(케이블 정책법으로 결정되어 있는 통신사업자와 CATV회사 자본의 상호보유 금지의 해제) 등이다.

• Spatial Information Research
• /
• v.20 no.4
• /
• pp.69-82
• /
• 2012

The purpose of this study was to identify structural properties of C.B.D and to provide direction that required for the plan and its development by analyzing land use patterns and its characteristics in the center of the city. In this study, the future planning elements and detailed land use of Seoul was analyzed, in regard to the spatial structural hierarchy and the function of downtown, by investigation of its current urban spatial structure. First, the characteristic of the land-use for merchandising facilities is that it is developed from west to east along the Jong-ro, Myungdong and Namdaemun, it shows high rate of the facilities along the horizontal axis. The large market area on this district would be the reason to the high rate of mechandising facilities. Second, the characteristic of the land-use for business facilities is that it is highly rated on the area passing through the Sejong-ro and Seoul station. The analysis result of our investigation is that the projects executed by Seoul city such as 'downtown maintenance planning' and 'downtown recreation program' strengthened functions of business and merchandising and promoted downtown shopping, leisure, tourism functions resulting activation of nearby market place and evaluated as maintaing the centrality of downtown Seoul well.

• The Journal of the Korean life insurance medical association
• /
• v.24
• /
• pp.79-96
• /
• 2005

1. 연구배경과 문제제기 - 보험시장의 환경변화 : 보험업법 개정, 방카슈랑스 도입, 고(高)보장성 생존급부(CI, LTC)상품의 등장, 통신판매 전문보험회사의 설립 허용 - 현행 언더라이팅 시스템의 문제점 : 위험난이도와 판매 채널별 특성이 고려되지 않고 언더라이터에 전건 배정 되어 업무의 효율성이 낮음 - 보험시장의 환경변화에 맞는 EUS(Expert Underwriting System) 도입으로 언더라이팅의 효율성을 증대하고자함 2. 국내/외 생보사 언더라이팅 시스템 현황 비교 및 개선방안 - 국내 언더라이팅 시스템 현황 : 청약서 입력/스캔 후 진단 및 적부 유무(有無)에 따라 자동으로 언더라이터에게 심사가 배정됨 - 미국 언더라이팅 시스템 현황 : EUS에 의한 1차 전산승낙여부 결정 후(後)언더라이터에게 심사가 배정됨 - 위험난이도의 고저(高低)와 관계없이 언더라이터에 배정되는 심사시스템의 문제점을 극복하고 체계적인 위험평가를 위해 EUS도입이 필요함 3. EUS 선행요건 - 고객정보의 확보 - 국내 생보사의 고객정보 수집원 : 청약서, 모집인 보고서, 건강진단서,적부조사, 보험사고정보조회시스템 (ICPS), 고액보험 및 상해보험 중복가입자에 대한 정보 교환제도 - 북미 생보사의 고객정보 수집원 : 청약서, 모집인 보고서, 의사소견서 및 진료기록서, 건강검진, 적부조사, 정보교환제도( 북미보험사간 의료정보 공유-MIB) - 정확한 고객정보의 확보방안 : 법률/제도의 정비, 청약서 질문 내용의 세분화, 의료정보교환제도의 구축 4. EUS 개요 및 현황 - EUS의 정의: 고객의 정보를 입력하여 청약부터 보험증권 발행 단계까지 One-Stop 서비스를 제공하는 것으로 언더라이터가 청약서를 가지고 언더라이팅 하는 것과 동일한 업무를 할 수 있는 전문가 시스템 - EUS의 장점: (1) 비용절감 및 인력의 효율적 활용 (2) 업무별 시스템화 되는 조직속성에 적합함. (3) 언더라이팅 정책이 경영 환경 변화에 대처하는데 신속함 - 국외 EUS 현황 (예: Cologne Re) 및 사례연구 5. 위험분류 및 EUS 개요현황 (언더라이팅 시스템 도입) - 위험관리 선행요건으로 위험요소별 분류가 체계적으로 수립되어야 함. - 데이터웨어하우스 (의사결정을 목적으로 설계된 조회와 분석이 가능한 통합된 정보저장소) 시스템 사용 - EUS 도입을 통한 언더라이팅 프로세스: 데이터마이닝 과정을 통해 "자동승낙, 언더라이터에게 심사배정, 적부의뢰, 진단의뢰, 텔레 언더라이터, 보완지시"등이 결정됨. 6. 판매채널별 EUS 활용방안 - 대면채널: 효용성 높은 정보제공과 정확한 위험분석이 가능한 시스템으로 고(高)보장, 고(高)위험 상품에 대해 언더라이터가 집중 심사 할 수 있게 함. - 방카슈랑스: 3S(간결, 신속, 서비스)의 특성에 맞는 전과정 무인자동심사시스템 - 비대면채널: 판매상품과 타겟시장을 명확히 한 후 도덕적 위험과 재무적 위험에 대한 평가시스템 및 의사결정 시스템을 도입 7. 결론 - EUS 도입의 기대효과 (1) 심사기일의 단축으로 고객만족 실현 (2) 체계적 과학적 리스크 관리로 위험률차익 증대에 기여 (3) 업무효율의 증대와 언더라이터의 역량강화 (4) CRM 활용증대와 모바일 청약시스템 구축의 근간 - EUS 도입시 경제적 법률적 제도적 문제 극복과 생보 업계 공동의 관심과 노력이 필요함 - EUS를 활용하여 종합적.체계적 리스크 관리가 가능한 금융회사로의 경쟁력 향상에 기여함.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
• /
• v.26 no.4
• /
• pp.135-147
• /
• 2008

One of the efforts both to prevent urban sprawling development patterns and to promote use of public transportation is known as Transit-Oriented Development (TOD), including such planning elements as the density and diversity of land use and pedestrian-friendly urban design around a transit center. The aim of this study is thus to conduct impact analyses of TOD planning elements on transit ridership in the Seoul rail station areas. First, the authors investigate and draw out various actual elements of TOD planning by using GIS-based data and Smart Card data. Then the authors analyze impacts of TOD planning elements on transit ridership for the Seoul rail station areas. After condensing 34 variables presumably influencing transit ridership into seven factors by using factor analyses, the study utilizes multiple regression modeling methods to identify their impacts on transit ridership. The analysis results demonstrate that transit ridership tends to increase more in rail station areas where there is a non-residential high density, mixed use of land and narrow and small-size road network patterns. The implementation of TODs should be a useful method in inducing a Transit-Oriented City through redevelopment and new development.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
• /
• v.19 no.3
• /
• pp.143-152
• /
• 2009

Successful industries that have maintained their competitiveness are characterized by well-established skills framework system. Skills framework establishes the agreed-upon, industry-identified knowledge, skills and abilities required to succeed in the workplace. Skills framework forms a solid foundation for the development of outcomes-based instruction and assessment, thus it benefits industry, students, educators and government. Each group has a major stake in the education of our students and in the efficient development of a productive workforce. Particularly in fast-changing fields like information security, relevant data that accurately reflect current and future knowledge and skills enable timely direction of resources, development and revision of industry-relevant curriculum, and efficient development of career information and job profiles. Skills framework occupies an indispensable position in any dialog concerning education or training in technical fields. In this study, we develop the skills framework for information security professionals.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
• /
• v.29 no.2
• /
• pp.109-134
• /
• 2014

Regulation (EC) No 261/2004 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 February 2004 establishing common rules on compensation of assistance to passengers in the event of denied boarding and of cancellation or long delay of flights (Regulation No 261/2004) provides extra protection to air passengers in circumstances of denied boarding, cancellation and long-delay. The Regulation intends to provide a high level of protection to air passengers by imposing obligations on air carriers and, at the same time, offering extensive rights to air passengers. If denied boarding, cancellation and long-delay are caused by reasons other than extraordinary circumstances, passengers are entitled for compensation under Article 7 of Regulation No 261/2004. In Wallentin-Hermann v Alitalia-Linee Aeree Italiane SpA(Case C-549/07, [2008] ECR I-11061), the Court did, however, emphasize that this does not mean that it is never possible for technical problems to constitute extraordinary circumstances. It cited specific examples of where: an aircraft manufacturer or competent authority revealed that there was a hidden manufacturing defect on an aircraft which impacts on safety; or damage was caused to an aircraft as a result of an act of sabotage or terrorism. Such events are not inherent in the normal exercise of the activity of the air carrier concerned and is beyond the actual control of that carrier on account of its nature or origin. One further point arising out of the court's decision is worth mentioning. It is not just necessary to satisfy the extraordinary circumstances test for the airline to be excused from paying compensation. It must also show that the circumstances could not have been avoided even if all reasonable measures had been taken. It is clear from the language of the Court's decision that this is a tough test to meet: the airline will have to establish that, even if it had deployed all its resources in terms of staff or equipment and the financial means at its disposal, it would clearly not have been able - unless it had made intolerable sacrifices in the light of the capacities of its undertaking at the relevant time - to prevent the extraordinary circumstances with which it was confronted from leading to the cancellation of the flight.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.188-196
• /
• 2021

Korea has invested heavily in projects related to national rivers, but there is no evaluation technique and system to manage river projects that can evaluate the effectiveness of the river projects after they are completed. Their absence leads to the inability of information on river construction sections, analysis of project effects, and benchmarking between projects. This may cause over-budget, overlapping investment problems due to the implementation of similar projects in the same section, and incorrect business elements may be repeatedly utilized. In order to solve this shortcoming, this study developed river project evaluation techniques and a river project (construction) management system. The development of evaluation techniques enables comparison and analysis between projects and can be utilized in establishing maintenance plans. The system can also provide inquiry of construction information, visualization of construction, and management of performance items. In this study, the evaluation techniques developed through prior research were modified and supplemented, and the effectiveness was verified by applying them to national river projects in A river and B river. It is expected that the evaluation techniques and system utilization measures presented will increase the work efficiency of river projects and enhance the efficiency of river projects.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• v.57 no.3
• /
• pp.267-277
• /
• 2014

Objective of this paper is to assess the available data on the pesticide uses and regulations in the golf courses, and provide the nationwide systematic management options. Numbers of golf courses in Korea are rapidly increasing from 2000s and reached at 421 sites by the end of 2011. Accordingly pesticide usage has been increased with years in direct proportion to the increasing number of golf courses. Amounts of pesticide applied in 2011 were 118,669 kg as of an active ingredient and were in the orders of fungicides (54.9%) > insecticides (24.4%) > herbicides (13.3%) > growth regulators (0.1%). Average pesticide usages in 2011 were 280.9 kg per golf course and $5.4kg\;ha^{-1}$. Frequencies of the residual pesticide detections in green and turf were higher than those in fairway and soil, respectively. Residue of highly toxic pesticides was not detected in golf courses. Ministry of Environment in 2010 has developed the 'golf course pesticide monitoring and management system' which is the advanced online registry for kind and amount of pesticides applied in each golf course. This system is intended for monitoring of the pesticide uses and residual levels and protecting the environmental pollution from pesticides in the golf course. In 2009, management of pesticides in the golf courses became the task of Ministry of Environment, being merged from many federal agency and ministries. The protocol for the site-specific best management practices, on which to base results from the risk assessment, should be set for pesticides in the golf to minimize the environmental impacts.