• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.812-823
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is a descriptive study to confirm the relationship between medical infection prevention knowledge, infection control confidence, and standard practice of nursing students and to understand the effect on performance for standard precautions. Data collection was conducted on 160 nursing students located in G Metropolitan City from October 4 to October 12, 2018. As a result of the study, the performance for standard precautions has a positive correlation with 'infection prevention knowledge' (r=.27, p<.001) and infection control confidence (r=.52, p<.001), and infection prevention knowledge was found to have a significant correlation with infection control confidence (r=.27, p=012). Factors affecting the performance for standard precaution of nursing students were in order of infection control confidence (𝛽=.45, p<.001), no skin contact experience (𝛽=.18, p<.004), infection prevention education (𝛽=-2.65, p<.009), infection prevention knowledge (𝛽=.15, p<.019). and the explanatory power of the model was 35%. Based on the results of this study, it is necessary to develop and implement a standard precautions program that can increase infection prevention knowledge and infection management confidence in order to increase the performance for standard precautions of nursing students.

• Journal of KIISE
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• v.42 no.7
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• pp.929-938
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• 2015

In opportunistic networks, each message is delivered to the destination by repeating, storing, carrying, and forwarding the message. Recently, with the vitalization of social networks, a large number of existing articles have shown performance improvement when delivering the message and considering its social relational networks. However, these works only deliver messages when they find nodes, assuming that every node cooperates with each other unconditionally. Moreover, they only consider the number of short-term contacts and local social relations, but have not considered each node's average relation with the destination node. In this paper, we propose novel message sending techniques for opportunistic networks using nodes' social network characteristics. In this scheme, each message is delivered to the destination node with fewer copies by delivering it mostly through nodes that have high intimacy with the destination node. We are showing that our proposed scheme presents a 20% performance increase compared to existing schemes.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.10
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• pp.641-648
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• 2019

South Korea and North Korea, which have been separated for 70 years, are getting closer and closer. This is very good news for Christians in South Korea who have long wanted to contact with the North Koreans. But it is not easy for Christianity to find contact points for North Koreans who have lived in a society that does not accept religion. First of all, it is necessary to grasp their ideological background, to find similarities with the message of Christianity, to search the Bible for cases of contact with Christianity in similar situations, and to appropriately contextualize them according to the present situation of North and South Korea. The ideological background of the North Korean people is the materialism which is the basic philosophy of communism, and the Juche idea based on materialism. Christianity is negative about the world view that spiritual things are good and material things are evil. Some contact points between Materialistic thinking and Christianity can be found in recognizing the material world as an important element of God's creation. The contact between materialism and Christianity also can be found in dialogue with the Greek philosophy in early Christian era, particularly in the conversation between Paul, who were at the forefront of non-Jewish contact, and Athenians.

• Anatomy & Biological Anthropology
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.143-149
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• 2018

Leucocyte extravasation has been known to play an important role in inflammatory reactions including contact dermatitis. Previous studies suggested that CD99 regulates ${\beta}1$ integrin activity and may be a novel therapeutic target molecule for inflammatory diseases. In this study, the effects of CD99-derived peptide, CD99CRIII3, on inflammatory reactions in contact dermatitis mouse model were investigated. CD99CRIII3 decreased ${\beta}1$-integrin activity in human monocytic U937 cells. CD99CRIII3 inhibited the adhesion of U937 monocytes to human umbilical vein endothelial cells and their extravasation through human umbilical vein endothelial cells. CD99CRIII3 reduced inflammation in the phorbol myristate acetate-induced contact dermatitis mice in a dose-dependent manner. These results indicate that CD99CRIII3 suppresses the extravasation of monocytes and inflammatory reactions in the animal model of the contact dermatitis, suggesting that CD99CRIII3 could be a new drug candidate against inflammatory skin diseases.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2013.02a
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• pp.292-292
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• 2013

최근, 자연의 기능성 표면을 모사하여 우리 생활에 응용하기 위한 연구가 활발하다. 초-발수 특성을 가지는 대표적인 예인 연꽃잎은 마이크로-나노 크기의 거친 미세돌기(papillae)를 가지고 있으며 그 위에 낮은 표면 에너지를 가지는 왁스(wax)가 발달 되어 항상 깨끗한 상태를 유지한다. 본 실험에서는 이를 모사하여 RIE (Reactive Ion Etching)방법을 이용하여 기판인 Poly silicon wafer를 Sf6가스를 사용하여 Metal mash로 거칠기를 만들어 주었고, RF-magnetron sputtering 장치를 사용하여 $6{\times}10^{-3}$ Torr의 진공도에서 낮은 표면에너지를 가지는 PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene)를 증착하여 표면 구조와 발수특성에 대하여 조사하였다. SSME(Surface shape measurement equipment)측정결과 0.24~0.36 um RSa 값이 측정되었고, 12 uL의 Di-water로 접촉각을 측정 한 결과 RIE 10분 처리를 한 기판 위에 PTFE를 3분 증착하였을 때 가장 높은 $153^{\circ}$의 초-발수 특성이 나타났으며, 4주의 시간이 지났을 때에도 접촉각이 유지가 되었다. XPS 측정결과 초-발수 표면에서 나타나는 CF2와 CF3 피크 값이 측정되었다. Reactive Ion Etching을 이용한 PTFE 발수 특성은 방수, 스마트 윈도우, 자가세정(Self-Cleaning), 디스플레이 표시장치, 김서림 방지(Anti-Fogging), 대전방지 코팅 등에 다각적으로 응용 가능할 것이라 사료된다.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.73-84
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• 1996

Satisfactory for children's spectacles fitting can only be achieved with the resonable selection and assortment of frames of different pad shapes, size, materials, the general property of sample frame are flexibility for the temple. Loughness for bridge and variety for the length of temple, a selection of the lens is chosen usually by the characteristic of the power, safty, size and so on, it will be comport fit of frame controlled the hight and width of pad and angle of pad between the nose side, frontal angle of pad will be determinded that whether a frame may be capable of providing a comport fit. An important part of the fitting of spectacles is the final adjustment before the wearer takes them away, and also their continued adjustment to maintain the optimum comport and lens efficiency. It is suggested that spectacle adjustment is essentially a practical art that can only be acquired by continual practice.

• 한국사회정책
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.239-275
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to explore what social workers experience and how they experience the needs of Meritocracy in the social welfare organization in the neoliberalism.. Therefore, in-depth interviews were conducted with 18 social workers, and I analyzed Colaizzi(1978) in a phenomenological method through collected research materials. As a result, the analysis is integrated in a total of four essential themes. According to the research results, the meritocracy - oriented phenomenon in the social welfare organization was 'paradox of Meritocracy'. Participants were buried in creating "nominal performance without any effectiveness" based on effectiveness and efficiency. Clients were instrumentalized in performance; moreover, they lost contact points with the field. Above all, there was "a reorganization of practices" that contradicted the original values of practice, in which the quality deterioration of service and the connection between organizations were weakened. In addition, the implementation of accountability of social welfare organization, which was intended by Meritocracy, has become a criterion for external evaluation, and the challenge of uncertain result has left a "rigid accountability without discretion." While participants were devoted to making a nominal performance, they failed to be guaranteed by the distinct characteristics of social welfare group. They experienced lost pride of the practitioner in the reality which contained the value of social welfare. However, in spite of this paradox of Meritocracy, participants demonstrated flexibility in order to preserve the original value and reached "a compromise with reality in the identity conflict." Based on the results of the research, I presented the discussion and policy directions.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.279-294
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• 2008

This study aimed to make an analysis of the occlusion in the state of muscle fatigue produced by excessive mouth opening and clenching during the dental treatment to control the dental pain and to evaluate the sensory nerve in the muscle pain state. Most of the reasons why patients visit the dental office result in pain-either conceivably the dental origin pain or the non-dental origin pain. The dental offices have many therapeutic actions to produce the masticatory muscle fatigue for the treatment. Dental treatment with long minutes of mouth opening can cause some headaches, masticatory muscle pain and mouth opening difficulties. Patients with mastication problems who visits a dental office to alleviate pain run against another unexpected pain with other aspects. This study uses T-scan II system(Tekscan Co., USA) for the evaluation on the occlusal pattern in the experimental muscle fatigue after clenching, opening the mouth excessively and chewing gum. The occlusal contact pattern is analyzed by the contact timing, namely first, intercuspal, maximum and end point of contact. This inspection was performed at frequencies of 2000Hz, 250 Hz and 5 Hz before and after each experimental muscle pain was produced to 24 subjects who had normal occlusion without the orthodontic treatment or a wide range of the prosthesis by using $neurometer^{\circledR}$ CPT/C(Neurotron, Inc. Baltimore, Maryland, USA). The measuring sites were mandibular nerve experimental muscle fatigue respectively. This study could obtain the following results after the assessment of occlusion and sensory nerve of the experimental muscle fatigue. 1. There were the fastest expression after the excessive mouth opening in muscle fatigue and after tooth clenching in muscle pain. In the visual analog scale that records the subjective level, there was the highest scale after the clenching in the muscle fatigue in jumping off the point of pain. 2. Tooth contact time, contact force, relative contact force on the point of the first contact had no difference, and there were decreases in the contact force after the excessive mouth opening on intercuspal position point, after the excessive mouth opening and the gum chewing on the point of the maximum, and in the contact time after all the experimental muscle fatigue state on the point of the end contact. 3. There was no statistic significance in the current perception threshold before and after the experimental muscle fatigue. 4. There was no significant difference in the contact number, the maximal contact number on the point of the first contact, and the contact number after the mouth opening and gum chewing on the point of the intercuspal position and the contact number after the experimental muscle fatigue on the maximum point, and showed significant decreases. In conclusion, it was found that the occlusal pattern can cause the changes on the case of the clinical muscle weakness by intra-external oral events. It was important that the sedulous attention to details is required during dental treatment in case of excessive mouth opening, mastication and clenching.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.149-153
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• 2008

1. 석고를 보관할 때는 건조한 곳에 밀봉하여 보관해야 한다. 따라서 용기 포장을 일단 개봉하면 밀봉용기에 담아 보관하는 것이 바람직하다. 2. 혼수비는 석고의 기계적 성질에 영향을 주기 때문에 정상적인 혼수비를 지켜야 하며, 모형은 경화된 후에도 물과 닿지 않도록 주의한다. 3. rubber인상재의 경우 비눗물을 붓이나 스프레이타입으로 뿌려준 후 흐르는 물에 씻고, 물기를 제거한 후 석고를 주입하면 기포 발생을 줄일 수 있다. 4. 석고를 인상체내에 너무 높이 올려쌓아도 무게로 인해 변형 된다. 5. 석고가 tray밖으로 흘러나가도 변형된다. (공기와 접촉되어 경화된 석고가 아직 경화되지 않은 석고를 잡아당김.) 6. 인상체에서 분리한 모형은 요오드 스프레이를 제조자 설명서에 따라 뿌려 소독한다. 7. 교합기에 모형 부착 시 base끼리 bar나 성냥개비등 다른 고정장치로 고정 시켜야하고, 교합기를 위에서 눌러주어야 한다. 그렇지 않을시 교합관계가 높아질 수 있다. 8. 재료를 구입시 물리적 특성이 많이 기재되어 있는 제품을 선택한다.

• Journal of the korean veterinary medical association
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.315-319
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• 2007

최근 우리나라 소 사육농가에서 육성 및 자우에서 빈번하게 일어나는 세균성 및 바이러스성 설사병은 익히 알려져 있어 주의 깊게 관찰되어 치료와 예방을 잘하고 있으나, 정작 원충성인 콕시듐 설사병에 대해서는 간과하기 십상이다. 따라서 우리 대동물 임상수의사들도 특히 우상바닥 재료로 왕겨를 사용하는 농가들에 대해 관심깊게 봐두어 짚고 넘어가야 하지 않으면 아니되는 질병인 콕시듐증에 대해 정리하여 소개하고자 한다. 소 콕시듐병은 주로 포유기나 이유직후의 어린 소에서 발생하며, 포자층(Sporozoa)류에 속하는 Coccidia 원충(Potozoa)인 아이메리아(Eimeria) 및 Isospora속의 원충에 기인한 접촉성장염으로 장점막의 상피세포 파괴로 인한 급성출혈성 설사, 빈혈을 주 증상으로 하는 질병이며, 만성으로 될 경우는 성장지연과 생산성의 저하를 나타낸다.