• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.2141-2145
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• 2008

Three kind of system composed with buoyant flap hinged at the sea floor are modeled experimentally. The mechanically coupled system provides shelter by reflecting incident waves and by attenuating wave energy through structural and viscous damping. The characteristics of wave reflection, transmission and dynamic angle of the flap oscillation for various conditions were investigated. The structure can minimize wave transmission by attaching offshore wing wall.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.199-205
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• 2004

We have developed a composite grid method for the solution of the radiation problem We divide the domain into two different grids; one is a moving grid system and the other is a fixed grid system. This numerical method is applied to calculation of the radiation forces generated by the submerged plate oscillating near a free surface. The experimental data are compared with the numerical ones obtained by the present method and a linear potential theory. As a result, we can confirm the accuracy of the present method. Finally, Lie have evaluated the effect of nonlinear and viscous damping on the hydrodynamic forces acting on the submerged plate.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers Conference
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• 1993.04a
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• pp.80-84
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• 1993

공기베어링은 기체으 압축성에 의한 평균화 효과로 운전정밀도가 우수하고 기체의 낮은 점도에 의한 효과로 마찰력과 열발생량이 매우 적으며, 사용가능 온도구간이 저온에서 고온까지 넓고 프로세스 계통내의 기체를 윤활제로 사용할 수 있기 때문에 그 경우 불순물에 의한 오염이 문제되지 않는 장점등이 있다. 이와 같은 특성과 더불어 공기베어링은 지지 물체를 완전히 부상시켜 운전하므로써 마찰$\cdot$마모와 온도변화에 다른 열변형이 문제되지 않는다. 이러한 장점으로 인해서 공기베어링은 현재 정밀기기의 미끄럼면, 각종 측정장치의 테이블지지 기구로 많이 사용되고 있다. 반면 공기베어링의 단점으로는 기체의 낮은 점성계수로 인해서 부하능력이 적고 강성, 감쇄계수 또한 적다. 그리고 기체의 압축성으로 인해 뉴메틱 헤머라는 불안정 현상이 생기기도 한다. 본 연구에서는 스퀴즈 효과를 이용한 능동 공기베어링을 설계, 제작하여 실험하였다. 본 연구의 목적은 강성과 감쇄 계수가 작은 공기 베어링의 단점을 보완하기 위해 드러스트베어링을 대상으로 능동베어링을 설계, 제작하여 그 특성을 연구하고 기초 설계자료를 축적하는데 있다.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.173-184
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• 2005

A capillary action-induced tension develops in the tear layer between the contact lens and cornea, which leads to the restoring force due to difference in the layer thickness between either upper and lower or left and right side of the lens when it is displaced off the equilibrium position as a result of blinking. Suppose the lens was displaced a certain distance from the equilibrium position, lens starts to oscillate toward the equilibrium position with the decreasing amplitude due to the restoring force as well as the velocity dependent viscous damping force in the tear layer. A mathematical model which consists of the differential equations and their numerical solution was proposed to analyze the damped oscillations of lenses. The model predicts the time dependence of lenses after the blink varying the various parameters such as Be, diameters, masses and positions displaced from equilibrium. As the Be and mass of lens increases the rate of amplitude reduction decreases, which requires a more time for the lens to return to the equilibrium position. It seems that varying the lens' displacement and diameters affect the lens' motion very little.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.262-266
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• 2001

The magnetic switching volume is known as an important parameter to understand the magnetization reversal process, thermal stability of the written information and media noise. This parameter is influenced significantly by the microstructure of the magnetic layer as well as underlayer. Therefore, we fabricated CoSm/Cr thin films with varying magnetic layer thickness under constant sputtering by using a dc magnetic sputtering machine. The magnetic layer thickness effect on the magnetic switching volume have been studied by the means of magnetic viscosity and dc demagnetization remanence curve mesurements. From these measurements, we found that the switching volumes increased with increasing the magnetic layer thickness, whereas the coercivity showed different behavior. These may be a result of the increased intergranular coupling and the larger volume fraction of the magnetic layer.

• The Korean Journal of Rheology
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.47-55
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• 1991

본 연구에서는 구형기포가 미분형의 upper convected Maxwell 모델을 따르는 유체 내에서 수축할 때의 현상을 이론적으로 해석하였다. 수치해법으로는 Lagrangian 좌표계에서 지배방정식을 유도 사용함으로써 자연스럽게 자유표면을 추적하는 동시에 압력변수도 반복 에 의하지 않고 직접적인 방법으로 계산할 수 있는 Galerkin-유한요소법을 개발사용하였다. 본연구의 결과 유체의 탄성은 변형초기에 충분히 발달치 못하기 때문에 수축을 가속화시키 지만 수축 후기에는 지연시킴을 알 수 있었다. 수축의 속도는 적분형 Maxwell 유체에서 보 다 빠른 것을 알수 있었는데 이는 유체의 정지이력에 의한 것으로 판단되었다, 또한 Maxwell 유체내에서 기포가 수축할 경우 탄성에 의한 반동현상이 나타나며 반동이 점성에 의하여 감쇄될 때의 진폭과 주기는 비례함을 보였다.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.5-13
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• 2008

Purpose: This review article was written to investigate what kind of forces are acting on the contact lens fitted on the cornea and its subsequent motion. Methods: A capillary action-induced force develops in the tear layer between the lens and cornea, which leads to the restoring force due to difference in layer thickness according to lens rotation. The characteristics of the lens movement can be determined by the various factors such as friction between eyelid and lens, acceleration force based on blinking and the restoring force incorporated with the viscous damping force. A mathematical model which consists of the differential equations and their numerical solution was proposed to analyze the damped motion of lenses. The model predicts the time dependence of lenses during and after the blink varying the BC, blink period and eyelid pressure. Results: It was found that both the blink period and lid pressure increases the movement increases because of the enhanced lid friction. As the BC increases the viscous damping reduces due to the lacrimal layer's increase which resulted in the enhanced lens motion. After blink the lens illustrates the damped oscillation because of the restoring force by the increased lacrimal layer thickness and reduced viscous resistance. The time for the lens to return to the equilibrium shortens as the BC increase because of the resistance reduction. Conclusions: The movement of the contact lens is governed by the characteristics of the lacrimal layer between the lens and cornea as well as the lid blink.

• Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.55-66
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• 1999

Eight RC bridge plers have been made on a 1/3.4 scale model and have been tested in a quasi-static cyclic load so as to investigate their seismic performance. The ultimate objective of this experimental study is to investigate the hysteretic behavior of reinforced concrete plers, which have been widely used for urban transportation facilities in Korea. Improtant test parameters are hoop ratio, axial load, load pattern, and etc. And noninear behaviors of test columns have been evaluated through their yield and ultimate strength, energy dissipation, ductility and load-deflection characteristics under quasi-static cyclic loads. From the quasi-static tests on 8 bridge piers, it is concluded that energy dissipation, ultimate strength and curvature for a given displacement factor ${\mu}={\Delta}/{\Delta}_y$ are higher for the seismically designed columns than for the nonseismically designed columns.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.107-115
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• 1997

비성형 동력학계로 모델링된 부유수송체의 동적응답을 조사하고 그 운동의 안정성을 해석하였다. 종동요 모우드의 고유주파수가 횡동요 모우드의 고유주파수의 두배가 되는, 즉, 2:1 내부공진 혹은 자기계수공진인 조건하에서, 이부유수송체는 한 운동 모우드의 직접가진에 의해 간접가진된 다른 모우드가 대진폭 응답을 보일 수 있음을 밝혔다. 또항, 종동요 모우드의 감쇠력은 비교적 넓은 범위의 운동에 대해 선형적임에 반해, 횡동요 모우드의 감쇠력은 점성의 영향이 대단히 커서 비선형성이 대단히 강한 것으로 알려져 왔다. 이 문제를 수학적으로 모델링하기 위하여, 종동요 모우드의 운동방정식에는 선형및 제곱형의 합의 형태인 감쇠력 모형을 사용하였다. 다중척도법을 사용하여 이 두가지 운동 모우드의 주기적 응답및 그의 안정성에 미치는 제곱형 비선형 횡동요 감쇠력의 영향을 밝혔다. 조우주기가 횡동요 모우드의 고유주기와 근사한 경우에 대하여 이 비선형계의 응답을 구하고 주파수-응답 곡선으로 나타내었다.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.17-27
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• 2009

Purpose: This review article was written to determine the effects of parameters characterizing a hard contact lens (RGP included), such as BCs, diameters, edge angles, on the time interval for tight fitted lens to return to the equilibrium when it was decentered from blinking. Methods: A mathematical formulation was established to relate or calculate the restoring forces and thickness of lacrimal layer beneath the cornea with the various lens parameters when the tight fitted lens was decentered from blinking. Based on this formulation the differential equations and their numerical solution program were set up to describe the time dependence of the lens on the position and to estimate the time for the lens's return to the equilibrium after blink. Results: It is found that the time interval for the tight fitted lens to return to the equilibrium decreases as either the BC decreases or the diameter increases because both the reduction in BC and increase in diameter result in the increase in the lacrimal layer thickness between the lens and cornea increase which yielded the lowering of the viscous friction in the lens motion. As the edge angle of tight fitted lens increases the time for recentering decreases due to the increase in restoring force without change in lacrimal thickness beneath the lens. In the case of flat fitted hard lens (RGP included), the lacrimal layer thickness under the lens increases as either BC or diameter increases which results in reduction in viscous friction so that the time for the lens's return to the equilibrium were to decrease. The edge angle of flat fitted lens does not affect the lens motion. Conclusions: The effect of BCs on the lens motion (time to approach the equilibrium) was concluded to be significant with both tight and flat fitted lens where its results are contrary with each other. The edge angle of lens only affects the motion in tight fitted lenses.