• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.87-95
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• 2022

This aimed to species identification and tree-ring dating of wooden elements used in the Myeongjeong-gate of the Changgyeong-palace, Seoul, Korea. Of the 79 wooden elements evaluated, 78 were confirmed to be hard pines and one belonged to Abies spp.. Cores of the wooden elements were collected using a drill for tree-ring dating, and ring-width plots of individual samples were constructed using the TSAP software. The tree-ring dating results for the outermost ring of 58 hard pine wooden elements revealed the following felling dates: early spring of 1604-late fall of 1615, late fall of 1706-early spring of 1707, and late fall of 1828-late fall of 1834. The obtained felling dates of the 1600s and 1800s were found to be consistent with those in the construction and repair records of the Annals of Joseon Dynasty, Gwanghaegun's Diary and Changgyeonggung Yeonggeondogam Uigwe. However, the obtained felling dates of the 1700s were not consistent with those in the construction and repair records. Therefore, additional confirmation of repairs that were not included in the records was possible using tree-ring dating.

• Journal of International Area Studies (JIAS)
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.73-94
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• 2012

Recently, Japanese cultural contents are being evaluated as a worldwide content. Among them, the animation takes an overwhelming place in the world market as a Japanese representative content. We need to understand that Japanese animation is being recognized world wide, because Japanese culture was grafted in to and it's very important to apply that to our situation. Cultural content to dominate the world has a fundamentally characteristics derived from regional culture. Cultural content includes elements of particular culture prototype. To investigate into cultural content that has globally used and is valuable, in-depth and systematic research for local (country) culture prototype showed be carried out. Our research aim to provide basic data so Korean animation can be developed as axis of Korean Wave. This compares and analyzes the Culture prototype from Korea and Japanese modern civilized media animation. Specifically for the animation shown in the culture prototype, we aim to - Analyze the content of culture prototype shown in Korea's animation: 'Hopi and Chadol Bawi', 'Heung-Bu and Nol-Bu', 'A Admiral's Diary', and 'Oseam'. - Analyze the content of culture prototype shown in Japan's animation: 'Genji', 'The Spiriting away of Sen and Chihiro', 'The Princess Mononoke', and 'Raccoon War Pom Poko'. - Compare and analyze the content of culture prototype depending on classifying criteria shown between Korea and Japan. We finally want to provide the basic data to develop the creation material for the global animation content based on these two countries throughout this research.

• Korea Science and Art Forum
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• v.19
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• pp.243-257
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• 2015

The Cultural Heritage Administration has selected Seoul Fortress Wall as the representative heritage of Korea to be applied for being registered as UNESCO World Heritage and announced the plan to restore and organize it, which has increased the interest to the Seoul Fortress Wall, the Historical Site No. 10. The great work to make the heritage value of Walls, 4 Big Gates and 4 Small Gates composing the Seoul Fortress wall with the length of 18.627 km to be recognized worldwide has limits if it is focused only on the physical restoration. It is because the Seoul Fortress Wall represents the long historical and cultural value as the space of life which connects closely the capital city and its vicinity. We need the plan to discover and utilize historical and cultural contents of Seoul Fortress Wall and its vicinity. Especially, Gwangheemun, which is one of the four Small Gates of Seoul Fortress Wall, is a precious cultural heritage which represents the transition of fortification technology of Chosun period as the space representing ordinary people. However, now Gwangheemun and its vicinity does not stand out the charm because of passive accessibility, landscape falling behind and absence of program. This made the lack of domestic and overseas tourists and the convenient space and various contents. This reality is because the value of space has been considered simply as a cultural heritage without considering the traditional, historical and cultural specificity. Therefore, this study is aimed to find the meaning and value of Gwangheemun by discovering its own latent intangible cultural, historical and artistic resource, and to find the way to connect with Gwangheemun, the existing tangible traditional architectural space and the way of vitalizing Gwangheemun as a new space.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.10 no.3 s.27
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• pp.77-91
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• 2001

The study is the analysis on Oe-am village which is designated as a folk-preservation village in 1988 and is included in the fact of the dwelling change through Spot-Survey and Case-Investigation in the last decade from now(2001), The result shows the main change on the stand-up dining room installation, the place with the boiler and bathroom installation, the additional expansion through the combination of the small twice or third space, the using change, the prototype restoration. The reason of this change is shown the following. 1. There is the dual structure that the villager repairs that because the repairing operation is biased the prototype restoration since the government construction. 2. The internal change is come from more at thatched house than at tiled house and the order of the main element's change is Kitchen (35%), main room (30%), living room (24%) and other rest room (11%). 3. The change of the dining room in the internal composition material is the strongest and the change is included in the using change, the installation of the new sub-division in the spot and the expansion of the outside if necessary. The reason of the main change is life-style's. Therefore we can know the change of the dwelling structure and we are able to make a modern-life. Also, If the restoration or repair is necessary, the change element on that must be considered.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.2 no.1 s.3
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• pp.9-24
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• 1993

The objective of this study is to describe more positively and concretely the entity of traditional village through the quantitative and scientific analysis process using positive data. Dan-Gye, a traditional village in San-Cheong, has been populated since more than 500 years ago because of its ideal conditions for settlement. In this study, the fluctuations on the numbers of households in Dan-Gye were analyzed from the first settlement era to the present, and the transformations of housing sites and roads since 1913 were also analyzed. The results are as follows. 1) The village Dan-Gye has a history of more than 500 years, and the first inhabitants were the Ryus. As time went by, the Ryus' power became weak gradually, but the powers of the Kwons and the Parks who had flowed later into this village became prosperous to make up a prominent family village in the late period of Cho-Sun dynasty. Such powers had reached the peak in the early period of Japanese occupation, and although the powers became weak gradually after that time, those two families have overwhelmed other families in population and possession of large houses until now. But as the confucianism in every-day life fell off and the inhabitants moved to cities, the existence of a family community became meaningless. 2) The Kwons and the Parks have possessed the large parts of the village's housing sites. As time went by, the sites have been divided and fields have been changed to housing sites for the increasing families, and such division and change have been made chiefly on perimeter areas. 3) The characteristics of the road in Dan-Gye where traditional roads existed began to be destroyed by Japanese construction of new roads, and such destruction has continued due to the bank construction after a flood and the road constructions after 1970s.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.12 no.10
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• pp.1466-1477
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• 2009

With development of 3D virtual space technology, diverse studies on 3D virtual space are being conducted because virtual space is being recognized as an appropriate technology for the field of urban and architectural design. However, while the process of urban and architectural design is done based on collaboration of various interested parties, there is lack of studies that support such collaboration. Communication within the virtual space must be provided for 3D virtual space to support collaboration, and a quick and direct technique of expressing one's intentions is required. sketch technique is effective. Ambiguous lines of sketch are extremely effective in that the range of thoughts in the idea stage can be broadened. However, such traditional sketch technique alone is difficult to support collaboration in 3D virtual space. That is because diverse shapes of 3D space require input of sketch. Accordingly in this study, sketch annotation that can effectively deliver intentions in 3D space was studied. Annotation technique using sketch-box was examined.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.11 no.3 s.31
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• pp.21-34
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• 2002

This study is to analyse the transformation process of spatial structure of traditional small city structure in Jeollabuk-Do in the process of modern urbanization between 19th century and the year 2000. The small cities, IM-PI, YONG-AN, YEO-SAN, OK-GOO, GO-SAN, MU-JANG, GUM-MA, GO-BU, which have been local administrative center in CHO-SUN dynasty, have role of local administrative center of subdivision of country-myon, except OK-GOO. The method of this study is to investigate the transformation process of spatial structural elements of with the actual field surveys, the analysis of Gunhyun map made in 1872, land registration maps in 1910s and 2000, and various topological maps. The elements of analysis are the topological site and geographical situation conditions, the urbanized areas, the street systems, the function of streets, the focal points of urban land use, the land use systems, and the location of major facilities such as administration facilities, markets, bus terminals. The analytical point of view and the results are as follows. There is strong relationship between the transformation of internal matrix route system and the growth pattern of urbanized areas, Especially on the contrary to the matrix route with East-West direction which has the role of checking the growth of urbanized area, the South-North direction route acts as the leading line of the growth. The focal points structure of urban land use shows transformation process from the point of central space of administrative district in front of Nae-A, to the access point to administrative district or to the access point to housing and neighborhood commercial area. From the point of functional area structure and major facilities location, line-type commercial area is developed along the line of central axis route and access route to administrative district. Especially direction of the growth of commercial area is strongly connected with the interrelationship between the study area and its neighboring cities. Pattern of commercial district development is varied with the direction of matrix route. That is, commercial district, which shows one side development pattern along the East-West direction route, is developed on both sides of street along the South-North direction route.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.105-112
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to analyze characteristics of literature on the residential environments of Korean-Chinese people residing in China. The number of such studies on residential environment is a total of 123, of which 86 (69.9%) are Korean studies and 37 (30.1%) are Chinese studies. Research has been conducted in China since the 1980s, but from 1990s onward, research was conducted in Korea following the establishment of diplomatic ties between the two nations. More studies related to history, society, and tradition have been conducted in China than Korea because China is a multiracial nation and Korean-Chinese people comprise an ethnic minority. In terms of residential environment, the majority of studies are related to architecture and space and are typically focused on villages and housing. Studies on traditional housing of the Korean-Chinese focus on general characteristics of traditional housing, targeting China's three northeast provinces and the Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture of China. Studies on modern housing of the Korean-Chinese have mainly been conducted in Yanji City in China. The reason for this is that 41% of Yanji City's population is Korean-Chinese, a distinct difference can be seen between Yanji City and other areas regarding changes of modern housing, and ondol (the traditional Korean floor heating system) is commonly found in modern housing there.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.8 no.4 s.21
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• pp.39-62
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• 1999

Basic concept of this study is that architectural form as a material at present has meaning for the dweller's life on the past historical plane. Main method to recover history is ethnographic interview to dwellers. Secondary method is to analyze ancestors' writings, buildings in the background of the family photos, and past drawings and then to relate them with architectural form at present. Taxonomy is a starting point: general name of the building by outside researcher is quite different from it by inside dwellers. 'Haengrang-chae', servant quarter, has never been used for servants. Function of the haengrang went outside thatched houses at the front village. Firsthand observation or simple analyses as results of several precedent research are reexamined and criticized through this study. The mansion has moaning when we synthesize with the site location based on farming land and tenant farmer, and decline of the Kyongpo Lake. Territoriality of the mansion is reinterpreted to 'In-Out Structure' by Yin-Yang thinking, Dwellers extend buildings gradually to outside village, surrounding rear hills, the lake, DongHae Sea, and finally goes to imaginative Taoist heaven beyond real nature through the literary life. Confucius principle, known to govern upper class house at Yi Dynasty also affect general composition of the buildings: perpetuation of the family by ancestor worship, elder dominance and male dominance, fraternity love in the extended family, charity display by reception of guests, Taoist scholarly life harmonized with nature. However, the study of the particular life and usage of the dwellers reinforces or corrects general supposition of precedent researches. Unique shape of the house has been formed by convenience of the dwellers' life style, early modernized free thought over the rigid Confucius design principle, and female power in male dominant society.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.14 no.1 s.41
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• pp.123-134
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• 2005

This study is focused on a space for man in upper classes house that is one of appeared characteristics as Korea, China and Japan imported Confucianism become common cultural base in these countries. Because a space for man in these countries has the same nature represented as a typical space in a upper classes house, and this space is differentiated by regional features, a way of thinking, a way of life and social structure as well, these characteristics are compared one another. Import of Confucianism influenced formation of a upper classes house and the spaces of the house are divided by generation, sexuality and classes. A space for man become a center of the house as well as a space for reception in accordance with patriarchism because this space stands for hierarchy of the house. A space for man of each country, Korea, China and Japan, has differences; that is, Chinese Jeongbang is used as a space for family as well as for guests; Korean Sarangchae is for only men and used as a reception space; Japanese Zasiki is used just for reception. These differences among countries are caused by owner's class, a civil officer or a military officer, and this class differentiated the characteristics of reception for guest. Even though the these countries take the space for man for meeting, Chinese is for family, Korean is for ancestors and Japanese is for guests.