• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2023.05a
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• pp.370-370
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• 2023

수자원이란 인간의 생활이나 경제활동 및 자연환경 유지 등을 하는데 이용할 수 있는 자원으로서의 물을 말하며 효율적인 수자원의 활용을 위해서는 수문조사가 필수적이라고 할 수 있다. 수문조사는 강수량, 수위, 유량, 유사량, 증발산량, 토양수분량을 측정, 조사, 분석하는 것이라고 할 수 있으며 이 중 유량은 강우-유출 관계 규명, 이수, 치수 등을 위해 높은 정확도의 관측자료가 필요하다. 그러나 하천유량은 장기간 연속적으로 관측하는 것이 어려우므로 특성 횟수의 유량조사를 통해 수위-유량관계곡선식(Rating curve)을 개발하여 수위로부터 연속적인 유량을 산정하여 활용하고 있어 이를 개선하기 위해 전자파표면유속계를 활용한 자동유량측정장치를 개발하였으며 측정자료 분석 및 알고리즘 고도화를 통해 신뢰도 높은 유량을 산정하고자 하였다. 운동하는 물체에 의하여 산란된 전자파의 주파수가 변하게 되는 현상을 도플러 효과라고 하며 이때의 주파수의 변화량을 도플러 주파수라고 한다. 전자파표면유속계는 하천 수면으로 전자파를 발사한 후 물 표면에서 반사되는 전자파의 도플러 효과를 이용하여 표면유속을 측정하는 것으로 전자파표면유속계를 교량 상류 방향으로 고정시켜 설치하였으며 측정된 자료는 유량관측 시스템에서 저장, 관리되고 물리적, 통계적 방법이 적용된 알고리즘을 통해 유량을 산정한다. 산정된 유량의 정확도 확보를 위해 바람 영향, 최적 환산계수 재산정, 통계분석 등을 통해 시스템의 유량산정 알고리즘 개선 방안을 도출하였으며 개선된 알고리즘이 적용된 유량은 NSE(Nash Sutcliffe Efficiency), PBIAS(Percent Bias), RSR(RMSE-observations standard edviation ratio)을 통해 평가하였다. 바람 영향은 유량 관측 고도화 매뉴얼(일본 토목연구소)의 경험식과 현장에서 관측된 풍향·풍속을 활용하여 분석하였으나 개선효과가 미미한 것으로 나타났으며 자동으로 관측된 유량자료에 포함된 무작위적인 변화량을 감소시키기 위해 경향성 분석을 병행하여 이동평균 방법을 적용하였다. 또한 ADCP 등을 활용한 유량측정성과와 수위-유량관계곡선식과의 비교·분석을 통해 수위별 최적 환산계수를 산정하여 유량산정 알고리즘에 적용한 결과 NSE는 0.980, PBIAS는 1.580, RSR은 0.142로 모두 Very Good(높은 상관성)으로 분석되어 유량자료의 정확도를 확보하였다.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.23 no.10
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• pp.1196-1203
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• 2012

This paper presents a study on the calibration of a C-band HPS(Hongik Polarimetric Scatterometer) system using the DMMCT(Differential Mueller Matrix Calibration Technique). For calibration of the polarimetric scatterometer system, a fully-polarimetric antenna pattern(magnitudes and phase-differences) of the antenna main-beam is measured using a conducting sphere at anechoic chamber. The polarimetric scatterometer system could be accurately calibrated after retrieving its distortions using the DMMCT. Unlike a single-polarimetric system, in a fully-polarimetric system, not only backscattering coefficients but also phase differences are important parameters. This calibrated HPS system can be used to measure accurate Mueller matrices of bare soil surfaces, rice paddies, and vegetation fields. The phase-difference parameters as well as the backscattering coefficients for co- and cross-polarizations can then be obtained. The accuracy of calibration was verified by comparing the measured backscattering coefficients with a scattering model. The measured polarization response of a plowed bare field was also compared with the polarization response which was synthesized using a polarimetric scattering model for verifying the calibration technique.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.9
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• pp.26-44
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• 2011

The Study was carreid out to see whether the intensity of electromagnetic waves in each floor of a building where the sharing base station has been established is harmful to a human body, and to expect the intensity of the waves in the building. The investigate was performed on both of sharing base station either with many scatterers or without any of them. To satisfy the international standard and the domestic TTA standard, rms for each of the electromagnetic wave of every floor in the building with the station was measured from 3 location of 3 heights(1.1m,1.5m, and 1.7m). Max of the measured rsm from the each of the frequencies in the nine location was confirmed to be 48.12%(the rooftop measured value) at most, compared to the human body protection standard. The value was confirmed to satisfy the human body protection standard for each frequency. And the total value of the calculated exposure indexes for each frequency was determined to be more than 7 times lower at most, which was 0.1445, compared to the 1 standard. Since P value in both of 868MHz and 2.14GHz electromagnetic waves intensity for each base station and floor was less than 0.05, it was revealed to be meaningful, and since R-Sq(adj) value showed a value more than 50%, the regression equation was determined to fully absorb the data information. However, although the P value of both of 868MHz and 2.14GHz electromagnetic waves intensities under the integrating terms of the base station data and the floor data was showed to be less than 0,05, since R-Sq(adj) value of 868MHz electromagnetic waves intensity presented a value smaller than 50%(34.15%), it was determined that the 868MHz electromagnetic waves intensity is very much influenced by an environment with a base station. Because the electromagnetic waves intensity of 2.14GHz show R-Sq(adj) value bigger then 50%(51.8%), The regression equation model of 2.14GHz electromagnetic waves intensity was confirmed to be proper. It also turned out not to be effected by the surrounding environment near a building with the base station and the intensity of electromagnetic waves for each floor of such building was expectable by the regression equation.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.200-206
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• 2002

A new wiregrid modeling scheme is proposed for a curvature varying scatterer A 2-dimensional conducting elliptic cylinder is modelled by wires with the different size of radius considering the radius of curvature on the surface. The magnitude of the internal field in the conducting elliptic cylinder is used as an indicator to check the accuracy of solutions between two methods. Numerical results show that this new wiregrid model scheme can be reduced the number of wires and applied to enhance the accuracy of solutions for a curvature varying scatterer.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.27 no.4B
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• pp.379-387
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• 2002

In this paper, we present a procedure to obtain the transient scattering response from three-dimensional arbitrarily shaped and closed conducting bodies using time-domain magnetic field integral equation (TD-MFIE) with triangular patch functions. This approach results in accurate and comparably stable transient responses from conducting scatterers. Detailed mathematical steps are included, and several numerical results are presented and compared with results from a time-domain electric field integral equation (TD-EFIE) and the inverse courier transform solution of the frequency domain results.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.39 no.12
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• pp.566-574
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• 2002

In this paper, the scattered field from a perfectly conducting fractal surface by the Monte-Carlo moment method was computed. An one-dimensional fractal surface was generated by using the fractional Brownian motion model. Back scattering coefficients are calculated with different values of the spectral parameter(S$\_$0/), and fractal dimension(D) which determine characteristics of the fractal surface. The number of surface realization for the computed field, the point number, and the width of surface realization are set to be 80, 2048, and 64L, respectively. In order to verify the computed results these results are compared with those of small perturbation methods, which show good agreement between them.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.201-208
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• 2002

In this paper, we present a new formulation using time-domain electric field integral equation (TD-EFIE) to obtain transient scattering response from arbitrarily shaped three-dimensional conducting bodies. The time derivative of the magnetic vector potential is approximated with a central finite difference and the scalar potential is time averaged by dividing it into two terms. This approach with an implicit method using central difference results in accurate and more stable transient scattering responses from conducting objects. Detailed mathematical steps are included and several numerical results are presented and compared with the inverse discrete Fourier transform (IDFT) of the frequency-domain solution.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.1262-1268
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• 2014

Inverse problem is very interest in the sciences and engineering, in particular for modeling and monitoring applications. By applying inverse problem, it can be widely used to exploration of mineral resources, identification of underground cables and buried pipelines, and diagnostic imaging in medical area. In this paper, we firstly consider 2-dimensional EM scattering problem and present the FDTD method to estimate unknown source. In this case, non-linear CGM technique is used to investigate unknown sources corresponding to measured data obtained from forward problem in near field. The proposed technique for solving the inverse source problem presents a reasonable agreement and can be applied to investigate an internal source signal of embedded security module.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.2468-2478
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• 1994

A hybrid finite element method is presented for a characterization of scattering an radiation properties of microstrip patch and arrays residing in a cavity recessed in a ground plane. The technique combines the finite element and boundary integral methods to formulate a system for the solution of fields at the aperture and the scattering field and radar cross sections at free space. By virture of the finite element method, the proposed technique is applicable to patch antennas and arrays residing on or embeded in a layered dielectric loss/lossless substrate and is also capable of treating various feed configuration. Several numerical results are presented demonstrating the validity, efficiency and capability of the technique.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.28 no.2A
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• pp.63-69
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• 2003

In this paper, the scattered field from a perfectly conducting fractal surface by Finite-Difference Time-Domain(FDTD) method was computed. A one-dimensional fractal surface was generated by using the fractional Brownian motion model. Back scattering coefficients are calculated with different values of the spectral parameter(S0), fractal dimension(D) which determine characteristics of the fractal surface. The number of surface realization for the computed field, the point number, and the width of surface realization are set to be 80, 1024, 16λ, respectively. In order to verify the computed results these results are compared with those of small perturbation methods, which show good agreement between them.