• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.289-308
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• 2014

We analyze the risk factors identified for ex-ante evaluation regarding government R&D programs. In particular, we empirically examined to what extent each risk factor is perceived to be important by the stage of R&D, technology field, researcher's career and experience. The empirical results show that technology risk is perceive to be less important for basic research, while market risk more perceived to be important in the IT field. Political risk is perceived to be less important for the university faculty, while researchers with government R&D project experience gave more value to legal risk factor.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.55-64
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• 2009

Previous research has mainly investigated the characteristics of expertise by using typical and routine tasks. This research to overcome these limitations included non-routine task situations and observed expert and novice pilots' situation awareness (SA) performance in routine and non-routine situations. Additionally, whether the ability to aware or perceive the environmental information in limited time varies with the level of expertise was tested. To this end, $2^*2^*2$ mixed factorial design was employed, including expertise (novice/expert) as a between-subjects variable and normality of fight situation (routine/non-routine) and stimulus display time (long/short) as within-subjects variables. As results, there was no performance difference in routine situations between experts and novices, while experts significantly outperformed novices in non-routine situations. When the display time became shorter, overall SA accuracy was decreased for both experts and novices, whereas experts' performance remained significantly higher than novices in short and long conditions. When we examined the interaction between the normality of fight situation and stimulus display time, there was no difference between experts and novices in routine situations for both short and long conditions. In non-routine situations, however, experts' SA accuracy was significantly higher than novices both in short and long conditions. Overall, non-routineness of flight situation does not have any impact on SA performance of experts, while it has a critical impact on SA performance of novices.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.1-9
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to identify differences of perceptions for gardens and parks between experts and the general public concerning several aspects including scope, scale, publicity, artistic and scientific nature, main materials, practicality and aesthetics, executive and management systems as well as legal understanding of garden and park. The properties of garden and park were derived through literature research, and the concept, similarity, and difference of gardens and the parks were recognized by the experts and the public viewpoint was clarified by questionnaire. As for the difference in the scope of the gardens and the parks, the expert group recognized it more widely than the general public. In general, the space recognized as a garden was the rooftop green space, and urban forests were recognized as a park. In addition, the general public recognized urban forests as gardens the same as they recognized parks, and the distinction was unclear. In the expert group, the perception that gardens were small and the parks were large was more prevalent. It was generally recognized that gardens were private spaces and the parks were public spaces. In the expert group, the gardens were more personal and the parks were more apparent to the public. In the general population, functional and scientific aspects rather than artistic creativity in both gardens and parks. In addition, both the general public and experts found that parks are more complex than gardens. The garden was centered on plant material, and the park was recognized as a center where the sculptural facilities were centered, or the plant material and the sculptural facilities were properly balanced. To the experts the view of the gardens was positive. Expert groups emphasized the aesthetics of the garden, and the parks were more practical, and the general population showed similar perceptions of utility and aesthetics when comparing gardens and parks. In addition, the utility of gardens in the general publics is more emphasized than the aesthetics of the park. Regarding the executive system the park was recognized as the public sector, and the difference was larger in the expert group. As for the management system, both experts and the general public perceive the management of the park or the garden to be carried out by the supporting organization, and it is necessary to discuss the diversification of the management subject. It is found that there is a certain difference in recognition with the mixture of concepts, and there is still a big difference in legal system and perception.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.12
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• pp.1047-1057
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to create design education program for enlightenment of creativity in young child. We studied preschool education professionals for perspective of design education in young child. So the study contents of our paper are design education for enlightenment of creativity in young child. Preschool education professionals recognized that design education work unsystematic manner in present education program. They recognized the important factor for enlightenment of creativity in young chid. They need a relevant and contents for design education issues. Our studies show that they realized an absence of the perception of design education and design education professionals for young child. They could not distinguish between the conventional art activities and design activities. So they required a design teaching aids. We realized that they are respond to the design education in young child positively. Our study states that preschool education professionals need a contents of design education and development of a relevant programs for young child.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.99-109
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to scrutinize and compare the perceptions of Global and Korean HRD Professionals in Workplace Learning and Performance(WLP) competencies in Korea. To answer these questions, the following research methods were employed. A questionnaire, which was modified and translates from the 2004 ASTD model for WLP, was distributed to 319 HRD consultants working in Seoul and Kyounggi-Do. It was sent out directly and by email. Among returned questionnaires, 205 were valid to be examined. The important findings of the study were as follows. First, the role of business partner ranked highest in the level of importance of WLP roles in Korean and the role of special professional ranked highest in global. For the competencies of WLP, effective communication ranked highest both Korean and global. Based on the findings of this study, the conclusion was as follows. First, the perceptions of WLP roles were different between Korean and global HRD professionals. The reason why it's differences is because the size of market are different. Second, the perceptions of WLP competencies were similar between Korean and global HRD professionals. HRD professionals should need to professionalize the communication skills continuously.

• Review of KIISC
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.5-12
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• 2008

ISO/IEC JTC1 SC27은 IT 정보보호 및 보안에 관한 국제표준 제정 활동을 하는 국제기구이다. SC27은 다섯 개의 WG으로 구성되어 있는데, 이들 중 WG3와 WG5에서 총 3건의 바이오인식 관련 정보보호 표준화 작업을 수행하고 있다. 19792 바이오인식 보안 평가(Security Evaluation of Biometrics), 24761 바이오인식 인증 컨텍스트(Authentication Context for Biometrics), 24745 바이오 템플릿 보호(Biometric Template Protection)의 세 건이 바로 그것이다. 바이오인식 관련 전문가들의 활동이 적은 SC27에서 바이오인식 기술에 관한 국제표준화가 함께 진행될 수 있었다는 점은 놀라운 일이며, SC37 바이오인식 관련 국제표준 전문가들의 많은 관심을 통해 SC27에서의 바이오인식 관련 국제표준화 활동이 조속한 결실을 맺을 수 있도록 함께 노력해 나가야 할 시점에 있다 하겠다. 본 고에서는 바이오인식 기술의 관점에서의 SC27 국제표준화 활동 내용을 소개하고 현재까지의 진행상황과 앞으로의 일정 및 추진 방향 등을 분석, 정리하여, 관련 전문가들로 하여금 SC27에서의 바이오인식 관련 표준화 활동에 보다 많은 관심을 가질 수 있도록 하는 계기를 마련하고자 한다.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.61 no.3
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• pp.397-417
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to discuss information literacy in mathematics education by comparatively analyzing mathematics education experts' perception of information processing and information literacy in mathematics education. We collected mathematics education experts' opinions using the modified Delphi method and focus group interviews, then analyzed their responses with an analytic framework through a constant comparative method. Even though we used different methods, we could compare their perceptions under the common themes. The findings are in three-folds. First, most experts focused only on the use of technological tools or statistics as a way of developing information literacy. In addition, even though mathematics education experts recognize the need for information literacy in mathematics education, their definition and meaning of information literacy somehow varied. Secondly, teachers as practitioners emphasized social competency which could be developed through information literacy. Thirdly, they asked for concrete and systematic plans for school practice in order to well develop information literacy in schools. Even though there were some differences in their perception of information literacy in mathematics education in terms of their prior experiences and background, it is very meaningful that there were commonalities among their perceptions which would allow us to find the ways of developing information literacy in mathematics education.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2020.06a
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• pp.7-8
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• 2020

지속가능한 국가 발전을 위한 물관리 정책은 항상 국정 과제의 중심에 있다. 물관리는 수재해예방, 양질의 안정된 물이용, 충분한 식량생산, 수생태계와 물환경의 보호, 효과적 재정투자 등과 같이 다양한 분야에 계층적이면서도 상호연계성 있는 전문성을 요구한다. 동시에 물관리의 효과와 편익은 경제활동의 기반이 되고 환경보전의 원천이므로 정책의 수요는 정부뿐만 아니라 국민과 더불어 자연으로부터 기인한다. 특히 기후변화의 불확실성 또는 감염병 대발생과 국가적 위기에도 지속가능한 국가 발전을 이행하기 위해서는 시의성 있고 유효한 물관리 정책은 필수이다. 그동안 우리나라 물관리 정책의 세분화 또는 파편화는 물관리 전문성 강화의 효과보다는 비효율성의 결과를 더 크게 생산해 왔었다. 특히 부족한 협력과 조정은 과잉·중복 투자, 비일관적 정책, 비효율적 성과라는 왜곡된 통합물관리 정책 순환이 반복되게 하였다. 최근 정부는 국토교통부의 하천수량(홍수 포함) 및 광역상수도 관리 기능을 환경부로 이관하는 물관리일원화를 추진하여 통합물관리의 발판을 마련하는 계기를 달성하였다. 하지만 비록 정부조직법 개정과 물관리기본법 제정으로 통합물관리 정책의 틀은 마련되었으나, 국토교통부가 하천법 상의 일부 사무를 담당하므로서 하천관리 정책의 복잡성과 다원화는 높아졌다. 따라서 하천의 이용 및 관리에 관한 만족도, 관리주체, 미래상, 물관리일원화 후 정책수요, 기후변화에 관한 인식, 하천관리 참여 의향 등을 조사하는 연구는 시급한 실정이며 향후 하천기본계획, 생태하천복원사업, 소하천정비사업 등과 같은 재정사업의 추진 방향에도 매우 중요한 주제라고 할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 현재와 미래 하천의 이용 및 관리, 그리고 정책방향에 대하여 일반 시민(4,500명)과 전문가(168명) 대상의 설문조사를 실시하였으며 인식의 공통점과 차이를 비교분석하였다. 설문조사의 내용은 3가지 부문(하천이용, 하천관리, 하천정책)으로 구분하여 각 부문별로 세부문항으로 구성하였다. 일반 시민과 전문가 간의 인식조사 비교 결과, 공통적으로 시민과 전문가는 하천의 바람직한 미래상으로 '깨끗한 수질의 하천'을 가장 높게 선호하였다. 하천관리 우선순위를 묻는 질문에 대한 시민과 전문가의 응답도 대하천, 도랑이나 개울, 중하천, 소하천 순으로 동일하였지만, 1순위와 2순위의 격차는 시민(26.1%)보다 전문가(1.2%)가 낮았다. 또한 시민과 전문가는 하천관리의 주체로 '물전문기관'을 가장 높게 선호하였지만, 전문가는 '물전문기관' 다음으로 중앙부처(20.2%)를 선호하였지만, 시민은 중앙부처(6.8%)를 가장 선호하지 않는 하천관리 주체로 응답하여 두 집단 간의 큰 인식의 차이를 알 수 있었다. 물관리일원화 후 보다 큰 관심을 가져야할 정책으로는 '건강하고 깨끗한 수질'을 시민(38.9%)과 전문가(47.0%)는 1순위로 선택하였으나, 2순위는 시민은 '생태서식공간'(11.6%)을 전문가는 '안정적 수량확보'(20.2%)를 선택하여 두 집단의 인식 차이가 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• 대한공업교육학회지
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.136-155
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to analysis the recognition of engineering professionals in Primary and middle school education. For the study, survey was proceeded through experts in engineering. The result of research follows. First, experts in engineering recognized that engineering has a significant impact in the national economic development and competitiveness. Experts in engineering, had a recognition consistent to some extent for engineering. and we have found engineering's own characteristics that emphasize "problem solving and design, innovation and creativity, economy optimization". Second, experts in engineering recognized that engineering education in Primary and middle school rarely take place, and also does not provide enough information for students. Third, experts in engineering recognized that engineering education is very needed in Primary and middle school. Through this, students can understand creative design problem-solving process. In addition, Experts of engineering, have a variety of educational demands for School level to the level of engineering education should start, level educational purposes, how to apply effective and so on.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.1-8
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• 2022

Many companies are operating and introducing the research results that corporate counseling contributes to corporate profits and improves the effective welfare of workers. This study was conducted targeting business management experts. As a research question, first, is there a difference in perception among business management experts about business counseling? Second, what is an important marketing 7P mix for revitalizing corporate counseling? Third, there will be differences in the importance of the 7P mix for marketing among business management experts. The results of the quantitative study are as follows. First, business management experts had a positive perception about the intention and necessity of corporate counseling, and marketing was higher than production management by field. The consultation model prefers an external model, and medium-sized enterprises and small and medium-sized enterprises are selected as target companies, and service and manufacturing industries are selected as target industries. The topics are recognized as interpersonal relationships and job stress. Second, price mix, product mix, people mix, and process mix are recognized as important marketing mixes, but companies consider the price mix the most important. Third, there was a difference between corporate management experts in the promotion mix and process, and marketing recognized the promotion mix as important and the process mix was important for financial management. However, there is no difference in the mixes by field except for this, so it can be said that the perception of the marketing mix is similar. Through this study, it is meaningful to present the implications of the marketing mix for awareness and activation of corporate counseling from the corporate point of view.