• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
• /
• v.30 no.7
• /
• pp.396-401
• /
• 2011

In this paper, we propose a novel voice activity detection (VAD) algorithm to effectively distinguish speech from nonspeech in various noisy environments. The presented VAD utilizes the power spectral deviation (PSD) based on Teager energy (TE) instead of the conventional PSD scheme to improve the performance of decision for speech segments. In addition, the speech absence probability (SAP) is derived in each frequency subband to modify the PSD for further VAD. Performances of the proposed VAD algorithm are evaluated by objective test under various environments and better results compared with the conventional methods are obtained.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
• /
• 2019.07a
• /
• pp.195-197
• /
• 2019

자동차용 배터리는 초기 용량의 80% 이하가 되면 교체하게 되며, 근간 폐배터리의 수가 폭발적으로 증가할 것으로 예측되고 있다. 폐배터리의 폐기로 인한 환경 파괴를 방지하고 자원을 재활용하기 위해서 자동차에서 나오는 폐배터리를 에너지저장장치(ESS)로 재사용 하는 것에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있다. 폐배터리를 ESS로 재구성하기 위해서는 폐배터리 모듈의 그레이딩을 통해 비슷한 성능의 모듈끼리 모아서 구성하는 것이 매우 중요하다. 배터리 모듈 간의 불균형은 전체 시스템의 성능을 저하시키며, 따라서 비슷한 성능과 잔존 수명을 가진 모듈을 골라내는 일은 폐배터리의 재사용에 있어서 첫 번째 선결 과제가 된다. 본 연구에서는 폐배터리의 상태 및 잔존수명평가를 위해 배터리 모듈의 임피던스 스펙트럼을 측정할 수 있는 장비를 개발하였다. 폐배터리 모듈에 AC 섭동을 인가하고 이를 측정하여 임피던스 스펙트럼을 계산할 수 있는 하드웨어와 소프트웨어를 개발하였다. 개발 장비는 60V이하의 폐배터리 모듈의 임피던스 스펙트럼을 0.1Hz에서 1kHz까지 측정 가능하며, 측정 결과를 바탕으로 커브 피팅을 통해 등가회로의 파라미터도 계산할 수 있다. SM3에서 얻어진 폐배터리 모듈을 이용하여 측정한 임피던스 스펙트럼을 상용장비인 BIM2로 측정한 결과를 비교하였고, Reduced Chi-Square를 이용한 분석결과 두 데이터가 거의 일치함을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
• /
• v.49 no.3
• /
• pp.89-97
• /
• 2012

In this paper, we propose a novel approach to noise power estimation for speech enhancement in noisy environments. The method based on IMCRA (improved minima controlled recursive averaging) which is widely used in speech enhancement utilizes a rough VAD (voice activity detection) algorithm which excludes speech components during speech periods in order to improves the performance of the noise power estimation by reducing the speech distortion caused by the conventional algorithm based on the minimum power spectrum derived from the noisy speech. However, since the VAD algorithm is not sufficient to distinguish speech from noise at non-stationary noise and low SNRs (signal-to-noise ratios), the speech distortion resulted from the minimum tracking during speech periods still remained. In the proposed method, minimum power estimate obtained by IMCRA is modified by SMT (spectral minima tracking) to reduce the speech distortion derived from the bias of the estimated minimum power. In addition, in order to effectively estimate minimum power by considering the distribution characteristic of the speech and noise spectrum, the presented method combines the minimum estimates provided by IMCRA and SMT depending on the weighting factor based on the subband. Performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated by subjective and objective quality tests under various environments and better results compared with the conventional method are obtained.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
• /
• v.17 no.1 s.104
• /
• pp.81-88
• /
• 2006

In this paper, spectrum use factor as the ratio between used spectrum bandwidth by the existing system and total spectrum resources at specific locations was derived and calculated. Spectrum use factor was also presented as a function of antenna patterns and transmitter power of existing systems. Real spectrum use factor was calculated for fixed radio station as a validity of this paper. With the results of this paper, we can use the spectrum more efficiently because the white space of spectrum space is replaced by the quantificated spectrum space.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
• /
• v.39 no.1
• /
• pp.99-105
• /
• 2016

The noise power spectrum (NPS) is one of the most general methods for measuring the noise amplitude and the quality of an image acquired from a uniform radiation field. The purpose of this study was to compare different NPS methodologies by using megavoltage X-ray energies. The NPS evaluation methods in diagnostic radiation were applied to therapy using the International Electro-technical Commission standard (IEC 62220-1). Various radiation therapy (RT) devices such as TrueBeam$^{TM}$(Varian), BEAMVIEW$^{PLUS}$(Siemens), iViewGT(Elekta) and Clinac$^R$ iX (Varian) were used. In order to measure the region of interest (ROI) of the NPS, we used the following four factors: the overlapping impact, the non-overlapping impact, the flatness and penumbra. As for NPS results, iViewGT(Elekta) had the higher amplitude of noise, compared to BEAMVIEW$^{PLUS}$ (Siemens), TrueBeam$^{TM}$(Varian) flattening filter, Clinac$^{R}$iXaS1000(Varian) and TrueBeam$^{TM}$(Varian) flattening filter free. The present study revealed that various factors could be employed to produce megavoltage imaging (MVI) of the NPS and as a baseline standard for NPS methodologies control in MVI.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
• /
• v.46 no.6
• /
• pp.48-55
• /
• 2009

The feedback interference channels are those made through the multipaths that are built by moving and stationary objects around transmit and receive antennas mounted at the same point. This paper describes the method to measure the feedback interference channels in the rural regions and sides of highways and the analysis on channel characteristic parameters. Using the measured samples, we estimated scattering functions, delay power spectra, and Doppler power spectra, and we analyzed the channels using eight parameters including coherence bandwidth, coherence time, maximum excess delay, average excess delay, rms delay spread, Doppler shift, Doppler spread, and spread factor, and delay and Doppler cumulative distributions. Even though many observations are made, note that the feedback signals of high Doppler frequencies and large energy are observed in the sides of highways due to high speed vehicles while low Doppler frequencies occurred in the rural region due to rare traffic.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
• /
• 2003.11a
• /
• pp.21-30
• /
• 2003

본 연구에서는 변조지수 M이 큰 영역에서는 고조파 스펙트럼의 광대역화 효과가 저하되는 2상 랜덤 중앙 정렬 변조기법 (Random Centered Distribution PWM : RCD)기법의 문제점을 해결하고자 멀티 영벡터 2상 RCD (Multi Zero Vector RCD : MZRCD) 변조기법을 제안하였다. 제안된 2상 MZRCD기법은 변조지수 M=0.7을 기준으로 하여 M이 0.7보다 큰 영역에서는 영벡터를 V(111)로 선택하고, 0.7보다 작은 영역에서는 V(000)을 선택한다. 제안된 방법을 유도모터 구동시스템에 적용해 본 결과, M이 0.7이상인 영역에서도 모터의 전압/전류 및 소음 스펙트럼의 광대역화 특성이 종전의 방법에 비하여 우수함을 확인할 수 있었다.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.19 no.7
• /
• pp.1374-1389
• /
• 1994

In this paper, a novel M-ary orthogonal CDMA scheme which utilizes time hopping codes and binary orthogonal sequences is proposed for personal communication system. Its modulated output signal has the characteristics of greater bandwidth occupancy and lower spectral density level as well. So this scheme is useful for spectrum overlay with existing narrowband communication systems which occupy current radio frequency channels. This paper investigates system characteristics through the analysis of modulated output signal power spectrum, and demonstrates the possibility of spectrum overlay.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
• /
• 2005.07a
• /
• pp.762-765
• /
• 2005

본 연구에서는 유도 진동기의 파워 스펙트럼의 확산을 위한 LF2470 DSP기반 Hybrid Random PWM을 제안하였다. 제안된 방법은 Lead-Lag 랜덤 비트를 발생하기 위한 PRBS (Pseudo-Random Binary Sequence)와 PRBS와 논리적 비교를 위한 삼각파 랜덤 캐리어로 이루어진다. 또한 DSP에 의하여 랜덤 수 및 PRBS 그리고 3상 기준 정현파를 실시간으로 발생하며, DSP외부의 주파수 변조기 MAX038에 의하여 랜덤 주파수의 캐리어를 발생한다. 본 연구의 타당성 검증을 위하여 제안된 기법을 3상 유도전동기 구동장치에 적용하였으며, 종전의 방법과 전압 및 전류 그리고 전동기 소음 스펙트럼을 비교 검토하였다.

• Journal of IKEEE
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.559-563
• /
• 2013

This paper analytically proves the equivalence between two main oscillator phase noise theories, which are based on the ISF, and Floquet vector, respectively. For this purpose, this study obtains the power spectral density matrix from the ISF-based phase noise theory. As a result, one can prove that the power spectral density matrix obtained from the ISF-based phase noise theory is essentially equivalent to the power spectral density matrix presented by the Floquet vector-based phase noise theory, which manifests the equivalence of the two main theories. This study is intended to provide deeper insight into the relations between the two main theories.