• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.286-291
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• 2004

Mediastinum is a very rare primary site of liposarcoma. In general, wide surgical excision with adequate resection margin is the treatment of choice for lipesarcoma. We experienced a case of liposarcoma in a 24 year-old male who complained of dyspnea and chest discomfort. Symptoms had been developed a month before admission, and the intensity had been gradually increased. He visited another general hospital, and there he received left closed thoracostomy because hemothorax was suspected. Afterwards, he was transferred to our hospital without a specific diagnosis, on review of outside chest computed tomography film, mass shadow was detected in the mediastinum. For the further evaluation, we checked the chest sonography and chest magnetic resonance imaging. MRI showed 10 cm sized mass contacted with pulmonary artery trunk and left main pulmonary artery. The radiologist strongly suggested sarcoma. On the 4th day after admission, we performed emergent exploratory left thoracotomy for hematoma evacuation because mediastinal shifting progressed and heart rate was increased. Biopsy confirmed that the evacuated materials were extraskeletal myxoid chondresarcoma, so we performed extrapleural left pneumonectomy including diaphragm and a part of the pericardium. The final pathologic diagnosis was myxoid/round cell liposarcoma. He was discharged without complication and systemic chemotherapy was scheduled to begin 2 month later. During chemotherapy, local recurrence and peritoneal metastasis developed, and he died 10 month after the surgical excision. We report this case with reviewal of literature.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.179-186
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• 2004

Introduction of wave model, considered the effect of shoaling, refraction, diffraction, partial reflection, bottom friction, breaking at the coastal waters of complex bathymetry, is a very important factor for most coastal engineering design and disaster prevention problems. As waves move from deeper waters to shallow coastal waters, the fundamental wave parameters will change and the wave energy is redistributed along wave crests due to the depth variation, the presence of islands, coastal protection structures, irregularities of the enclosing shore boundaries, and other geological features. Moreover, waves undergo severe change inside the surf zone where wave breaking occurs and in the regions where reflected waves from coastline and structural boundaries interact with the incident waves. Therefore, the application of mild-slope equation model in this field would help for understanding of wave transformation mechanism where many other models could not deal with up to now. The purpose of this study is to form a extended mild-slope equation wave model and make comparison and analysis on variation of harbor responses in the vicinities of Pohang Old Harbor and Pohang New Port, etc. due to construction of New Port in Youngil Bay. This type of trial might be a milestone for port development in macroscale, where the induced impact analysis in the existing port due to the developemnt could be easily neglected.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.9 no.7
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• pp.433-438
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• 2015

To evaluate the radiation exposure level based on radiation workers' locations in dental radiography, the radiation dose rate in the radiographic room, lead glass, and operation system was measured. To that end, various devices were used, such as a Standard(Max-GLS, Shinhung), a panorama (PCH-2500, Vatech), a cephalometric radiography (PCH-2500), and a cone beam CT (PHT-30LFO, Vatech), as well as a PM1405 equipment as a radiation meter. Radiography conditions were set the same as the factors used in the clinical setting. As the result, the cone beam CT turned out the highest with 98 uSv and the standard showed the lowest level with 0.4 uSv/h. The panorama was measured to be higher than the Cephalo due to its different focus mode. On the lead glass surface and in the operation stand, the oral radiography device, panoramic, and Cephalo all were measured below the recording level. However, the cone beam CT was measured to have the leakage dose. Thus, radiation involved workers should be equipped with appropriate protection tools and reduce radiography time as much as possible. In addition, the structure of the radiation chamber should be also designed efficiently. Dental radiography has continued to grow in recent years, so it is necessary take appropriate protection measures for patients and radiation workers.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.421-428
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• 2004

Introduction of wave model, considered the effect of shoaling, refraction, diffraction, partial reflection, bottom friction, breaking at the coastal waters of complex bathymetry, is a very important factor for most coastal engineering design and disaster prevention problems. As waves move from deeper waters to shallow coastal waters, the fundamental wave parameters will change and the wave energy is redistributed along wave crests due to the depth variation, the presence of islands, coastal protection structures, irregularities of the enclosing shore boundaries, and other geological features. Moreover, waves undergo severe change inside the surf zone where wave breaking occurs and in the regions where reflected waves from coastline and structural boundaries interact with the incident waves. Therefore, the application of mild-slope equation model in this field would help for understanding of wave transformation mechanism where many other models could not deal with up to now. The purpose of this study is to form a extended mild-slope equation wave model and make comparison and analysis on variation of harbor responses in the vicinities of Pohang Old Harbor and Pohang New Port, etc. due to construction of New Port in Youngil Bay. This type of trial might be a milestone for port development in macroscale, where the induced impact analysis in the existing port due to the development could be easily neglected.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.56 no.2
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• pp.195-213
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to explore and understand the meaning of 'Good Death' that the Korean aged people are generally thinking based on their values and the sentiments. For this purpose, we carried out individual and in-depth interviews with 40 aged persons living in Seoul taking their genders and social-economic status into consideration from March to May 2003. We applied qualitative research method to this study. Eight graduate students were responsible for the interviews. They majored in gerontology or had experiences of field work with old persons. It took an average of one and a half hour and maximum of two hours for each of the interviews. All of the processes of each interview were tape-recorded under the agreement with each interviewee. The main and sub themes from the data can be classified to seven categories according to the Phenomenological Approach designed by Colaizzi(1978). The main theme of good death that most of the interviewees considered was 'Blessed Death', very similar to 'Death Fortune' in the five good fortunes found in Korean tradition and the Confucianism. Also, the main concept is classified to seven sub-themes: (1) Not seeing their children's death; (2) Dying in front of their children; (3) Not to be a burden of their children during their lives; (4) Dying after doing all of their duties as parents; (5) Dying with no pain; (6) Completing the natural span of their lives; and (7) Prepared death. Thus, 'Blessed Death' that Korean aged people consider seems to be very closely related with the lives, health, happiness and success of their children. Based on the findings, we concluded that both social policy makers and social service providers are required to keep in mind the meanings of 'Good death' that most of the Korean aged people consider in order to help them enjoy successful aging during their remaining lives.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.325-331
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• 1994

PGA is formed in a route of CO2 fixation of RuBP catalyzed by RuBPCase, followed by reduction of the PGA by NADH to GAP This reduction is enhanced in an anionic micellar solution(SDS), in which NADH is distributed in the aqueous and the micellar pseudophases in a given ratio. This micellar bounded NADH reacts to PGA, and in higher micellar concentration than $1.25{\times}10^{-2}M$, most of NADH is oxidized to NAD+ by PGA. On the other hand, in the solutions of the positive ionic(CTABr), zwitter ionic(Chaps) and nonionic (Brij and Triton X-100) micelles, the reactions are also enhanced and the concentrations of NADH reach minima with micellar concentrations. Such minima are typical of micellar catalyzed bimolecular reactions, and the fall in concentrations of the reductant followed by a gradual increase is charataristic of reactions of hydrophobic substrates: that is, the reductions of PGA by NADH are sharply enhanced in a range of the lower micellar concentrations, and NADH amounts in ca. $1.25-2.50{\times}10^{-3}M$ micellar solutions are reached to minima, followed by gradual increases of the reductant concentration.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.81-100
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• 2000

Transsynaptic tracer이며 신경친화성 virus인 pseudorabies virus(PRV)를 방광(膀胱), 방광유(膀胱兪), 위중(委中) 및 중추(中極)에 주입(注入)한 후 4일간의 생존기간이 경과한 후 희생시켜 면역조직화학침액법(免疫組織化學染色法)에 의하여 뇌척수에 표지된 공통된 영역들을 비교하여 관찰한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 방광벽(膀胱壁), 방광유(膀胱兪), 위중(委中) 및 중추(中極)에서 척수에 투사된 영역은 흉수(胸髓), 요수(腰髓) 및 천수(薦髓)에 모두 표지되었으며 공통적으로 표지된 부위는 척수(脊髓)의 층판 IV, V, VII, IX, X영역에 표지되었으나 주로 강하게 표지된 공통된 영역은 층판 VII의 중간외측핵, 가슴기둥 및 층판 X영역이었다. 2. 방광벽(膀胱壁), 방광유(膀胱兪), 위중(委中) 및 중추(中極)에서 뇌(腦)에 투사된 공통된 영역은 연수(延髓)에서는 A1 noradrenalin cells/C1 adrenalin cells/caudoventrolateral reticular nucleus에서 양성반응을 나타내었다. 솔기핵의 경우 아핵인 불명솔기핵, 창백솔기핵 및 큰솔기핵에서 양성반응을 보였다. 다리뇌에서는 청색반점, Barrington's nucleus, A5세포군 및 삼차신경운동핵에서 양성반응을 보였고, 중뇌에서는 눈돌림신경핵, 눈돌림신경섬유 및 다리핵에서 양성반응을 보였다. 간뇌에서는 시상하부(視床下部)의 뇌실(腦室)곁핵과 시상의 뇌실곁핵에서 양성반응을 보였고 대뇌(大腦)에서는 septal nucleus, 피질(皮質)의 뒷다리영역, 마루엽, 이마엽에서 양성반응을 보였다. 이상의 결과를 종합하면 방광(膀胱)에서 투사되는 뇌척수의 영역과 방광유(膀胱兪)나 위중(委中)에서 투사되는 공통된 표지영역들은 방광(膀胱)과 족태양방광경(足太陽膀胱經) 그리고 그 경락(經絡)의 경혈(經穴)들이 어떤 상관성(相關性)을 가지고 연결(連結)되어 있다는 사실을 실험적으로 알 수 있었다. 특히 방광(膀胱)과 방광유(膀胱兪), 위중(委中)에서 투사된 공통된 표지영역, 즉 배뇨중추인 Barrington's nucleus에 표지되는 것은 내장(內臟)-경락(經絡)이 central autonomic pathway에 의하여 서로 연결되었음을 입증하는 중요한 결과(結果)라고 사려(思慮)된다.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.261-265
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• 2003

In order to examine the difference in processing quality of potato tubers among localities, chemical properties of soils were analyzed and climatic conditions were investigated. Potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) were grown at seven localities of Korea during two years from 1994 to 1995. Soil samples and tubers were obtained from 2 to 3 commercial farms per locality with 10 days interval from 70 days before harvesting. As the result of that, higher correlation in processing quality was found with organic material content among soil conditions. On the climatic conditions, minimum temperature and sunshine hours during the period from 30 to 11 days before harvesting exhibited highly significant negative correlations with all quality parameters except reducing sugar content. Additionally, regression equations based on the observed level of these factors showed the relatively high coefficients of determination for dry matter content and chip color. To produce higher quality potatoes for processing, therefore, climatic conditions such as minimum temperature and sunshine hour and soil condition such as organic matter content have to be considered before the selection of areas or fields.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.57-65
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• 2007

Shallow water waves are hindcasted from sea wind fields, which include wave transformations such as shoaling, refraction, diffraction, reflection and wave breaking. In case of estimating sea wind field in shallow water, the sea wind revised from free wind obtained by the typhoon model is widely used. However, this method is not able to consider the effect of land topography on the wind field, which will be important factor for shallow water wave forecasting and hindcasting. In this study, therefore, the effect of land topography on sea wind field in shallow water is investigated for shallow water wave forecasting and hindcasting with high accuracy. The 3-D MASCON model is introduced to consider the influence of land topography on the wind field. And, for two areas divided by the topographical characteristics, i.e. shielded and opened coastal areas, sea wind field is examined by comparison between initial wind field by typhoon model and modified wind field by 3-D MASCON model. Finally, applying these sea wind fields to SWAN model, the results of shallow water wave calculated in shielded and opened coastal areas are compared, and, also, the effect of MASCON model on shallow water wave forecasting and hindcasting is discussed.

• Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Korea
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.87-102
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• 2019

Pallancata Ag mine is located at the Ayacucho region 520 km southeast of Lima. The geology of mine area consists of mainly Cenozoic volcanic-intrusive rocks, which are composed of tuff, andesitic lava, andesitic tuff, pyroclastic flow, volcano clasts, rhyolite and quartz monzonite. This mine have about 100 quartz veins in tuff filling regional faults orienting NW, NE and EW directions. The Ag grades in quartz veins are from 40 to 1,000 g/t. Quartz veins vary from 0.1 m to 25 m in thickness and extend to about 3,000 m in strike length. Quartz veins show following textures including zonation, cavity, massive, breccia, crustiform, colloform and comb textures. Wallrock alteration features including silicification, sericitization, pyritization, chloritization and argillitization are obvious. The quartz veins contain calcite, chalcedony, adularia, fluorite, rutile, zircon, apatite, Fe oxide, REE mineral, Cr oxide, Al-Si-O mineral, pyrite, sphalerite, chalcopyrite, galena, electrum, proustite-pyrargyrite, pearceite-polybasite and acanthite. The temperature and sulfur fugacity ($f_{s2}$) of the Ag mineralization estimated from the mineral assemblages and mineral compositions are ranging from 118 to $222^{\circ}C$ and from $10^{-20.8}$ to $10^{-13.2}atm$, respectively. The relatively low temperature and sulfur-oxygen fugacities in the hydrothermal fluids during the Ag mineralization in Pallancata might be due to cooling and/or boiling of Ag-bearing fluids by mixing of meteoric water in the relatively shallow hydrothermal environment. The hydrothermal condition may be corresponding to an intermediate sulfidation epithermal mineralization.