• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.349-357
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• 2001

Purpose : Meningeal hemangiopericytoma(M-HPC), characterized by a high local recurrency and metastatic potential, is a rare neoplasm arising from perivascular pericytes. A retrospective study was performed to identify the recurrence and extraneural metastasis in M-HPC. Materials and Methods : We reviewed the records of 31 M-HPC patients treated from 1982 through 1999 at our institution. The time to recurrence and the various parameters affecting recurrence were determined. Extreneural metastasis was also analyzed. Results : The rate of local recurrency was 38.7%(12/31). The overall average recurrence-free period(RFP) before the first recurrence was 104 months, with overall recurrence-free rates(RFRs) at 5 and 10 years after first surgery of 59.2% and 33.6%, respectively. Of the 12 patients who experienced local recurrence, 4 had recurrences 5 years later after the first surgery. Complete excision at the first operation significantly extended the average time before first recurrence from 43 to 111 months. The 5-year RFRs for the groups of complete excision and incomplete excision were 72.7% and 20.8%, respectively(p=0.0060). Although there was no statistical significance, complete excision followed by adjuvant radiotherapy of more than 50Gy extended the RFP. The 5-year RFRs for the groups of complete excision and complete excision with adjuvant radiotherapy were 70.3% and 100%, respectively(p=0.3359). Four patients(12.9%) presented one or more extraneural metastases that were developed at an average of 107 months after the first operation with the 5- and 10-year metastasis rates of 4.4% and 24.9%, respectively. Conclusions : M-HPC has a propensity to recur either locally or at distant sites after surgical resection. Complete excision is the most important factor to reduce recurrence. However, even with complete excision, adjuvant radiotherapy of more than 50Gy significantly reduces the risk of recurrence. Local and distant recurrences may occur after a prolonged disease-free interval, emphasizing the need for long-term follow-up.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.111-115
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• 2005

Primary malignant melanoma of the vagina is an extremely rare genital neoplasm occurring mainly on postmenopausal women. It has a worse prognosis than cutaneous melanomas, because of the high rate of loco-regional recurrences and rapid systemic dissemination. In the past, radical surgical extirpation as the primary management had been recommended to improve loco-regional control, and possibly overall survival. However, the prognosis was poor In spite of such a radical approache. Recently, more conservative treatment such as wide local excision combined with adjuvant high-dose fraction radiotherapy seems to have premising results. Primary radiation therapy could be served as an alternative to surgery for patients with lesion less than 3 cm in diameter. We report 2 cases of primary vaginal malignant melanoma treated with radiotherapy.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2009.04a
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• pp.9-15
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 암적 지형에서의 모의 연소실험을 통한 뒷불 재발화에 대한 연구를 하였으며, 연구를 통해 얻어진 데이터로 암반층 재발화로 인한 산불확산과 산림연료의 종류, 함수율에 따른 산불 재발화의 관계를 분석하고 산불 재발화의 기초 데이터로 제공하여 연소특성 및 진화관리 기술을 연구 하였다

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.374-382
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• 1999

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate etiologic factor, treatment, prognosis of spontaneous pneumothorax (SP). Material and Methods: The medical records of 225 cases of SP experienced at Kyungpook University Hospital from Jan. 1996 to Dec. 1997 were retrospectively analyzed. Results: The patients were 128 primary SP and 97 secondary SP. The mean age was $30{\pm}15.5$ years in primary SP and $51{\pm}7.4$ years in secondary SP. The ratio of male to female was 8:1 in primary SP and 5.5:1 in secondary SP. Smoker was more common in seconday SP (71.1 %) than primary SP (34.4%). About 70% of patients with primary and secondary SP was underweighted. The previous history of SP was present in 28.9% and 25.8% of primary and secondary SP, respectively. The main underlying lung diseases in secondary SP were inactive tuberculosis (68%), active tuberculosis (12.4%) and COPD (11.3%). Tube thoracostomy was performed in 96.8% and 97.9% of primary and secondary SP, respectively. The duration of chest tube insertion was longer in seconday SP ($18.2{\pm}19.59$ days) than primary SP ($7.5{\pm}6.57$ days). The open thoracotomy were performed in 22.7% and 10.3% of primary and secondary SP, respectively. The most com- mon indication of open thoracotomy was recurrence in primary SP and persistent air leak in secondary SP. During following-up of $17{\pm}7.8$ months, the recurrence rate in patients with conservative treatment was 16.5% and 11.8% of primary and secondary SP, respectively. The recurrence was most common within 1 month after discharge. Conclusion: Greater attention and research about SP are necessary for more efficient patient care.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.40 no.10
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• pp.680-684
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• 2007

Background: Complete surgical resection is the most effective treatment for stage IB non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Recurrence accounts for the disappointing survival rates after resection. There has been renewed interest in adjuvant therapy after complete resection. Appropriate selection of effective adjuvant therapy will depend on the prognostic factors for recurrence. Material and Method: The study included 114 patients with completely resected stage IB NSCLC. The variables selected for the study were gender, age, the type of resection, cell type, the degree of differentiation, the tumor size and the presence of visceral pleura invasion. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate the survival and disease-free survival rate. The results were compared using the log rank test. Multivariate analysis was performed by Cox's proportional hazard model. Two-sided p-valves < 0.05 were considered to be statistically significant. Result: The 3-year overall survival and the disease-free survival rates were 87.0% and 79.4%, respectively. The degree of differentiation showed a significant influence on disease-free survival according to the univariate analysis. According to the multivariate analysis, a poor grade of differentiation was a significant poor prognostic factor. Conclusion: These results demonstrate that poor differentiation may be a poor prognostic factor for patients with completely resected IB NSCLC. Therefore, the patients with a poor grade of differentiation may require adjuvant therapies.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.164-170
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• 2006

[ $\underline{Purpose}$ ]: This study identified the result of postoperative radiation therapy and the prognostic factors to affect survival rates in cancer patients. $\underline{Materials\;and\;Methods}$: One hundred and thirty three patients with cervical cancer who were treated with postoperative radiation therapy following surgery at our institution between June 1985 and November 2002 were retrospectively analyzed. One hundred and thirteen patients had stage IB disease, and 20 patients had stage IIA disease. Histological examination revealed 118 squamous cell carcinoma patients and 15 adenocarcinoma patients. Sixty seven patients were noted to have stromal invasion greater than 10 mm, and 45 patients were noted to have stromal Invasion 10 mm or less. Positive lymphovascular invasion was found in 24 patients, and positive pelvic lymph nodes were noted in 39 patients. Positive vaginal resection margin was documented in 8 patients. All of the patients were treated with external beam radiation therapy to encompass whole pelvis and primary surgical tumor bed. Intracavitary radiation therapy was added to 19 patients who had positive or close surgical margins. $\underline{Results}$: Actuarial overall and disease-free survival rates for entire group of the patients were 88% and 84% at 5 years, respectively. Five-year disease-free survival rates for patients with stromal invasion greater than 10 mm and 10 mm or less were 76% and 97%, respectively (p<0.05). Also there was a significantly lower survival in patients with positive pelvic lymph nodes compared with patients with negative pelvic lymph nodes (p<0.05). However, lymphovascular invasion, positive vaginal resection margins were not statistically significant prognostic factors. Addition of neoadjuvant chemotherapy or type of surgery did not affect disease-free survival. $\underline{Conclusion}$: Postoperative radiation therapy appears to achieve satisfactory local control with limited morbidity in cervical cancer patients with high pathologic risk factors. Distant metastasis was a dominant failure pattern to affect survival in cervical cancer patients after radical surgery and radiation and more effective systemic treatment should be investigated in these high-risk patients.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.277-283
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• 2006

Purpose: The way in which the resection margin distance for gastric cancer patients who undergo a gastric resection influences the recurrence rate, aspects of recurrence, and the prognosis according to the characteristic of the tumor is not known. We aim to find a standard for tailor-made treatment after selecting patients in this point of view who need a more sufficient resection margin. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was done on 1,472 patients who underwent a gastrectomy due to gastric cancer at our hospital from 1992 to 2005. The median follow-up period was 37 months. Results: There were no significant differences in the recurrence rate, the aspects of recurrence, and the 5-year survival rate between early gastric cancer (EGC) patients with a resection margin distance of less than 2 cm compared with EGC patients with a resection margin distance of greater than 2 cm. However, significant differences in the survival rate were found in advanced gastric cancer (AGC) patients when the patients were classified into groups with resection margin distances less than or greater than 3 cm (P=0.02). Significant differences were noted especially in cases of diffuse histologic-type tumors located in the lower third of the stomach and in cases with Borrmann type-3 and -4 tumors. Conclusion: The distance between the tumor resection margin and the proximal gastric resection margin has no significant influence on the survival rate in EGC patients if the resection margin is negative. However, to improve a patient's survival rate, it is important to guarantee a resection margin of more than 3 cm in AGC patients, especially when the tumor is a diffuse histologic type located in the lower third of the stomach or a Borrmann type 3 and 4.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.469-475
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• 1998

Purpose : To determine the role of Pelvic irradiation in stage I or IIA cervical carcinoma with pelvic nodal metastasis after hysterectomy and bilateral pelvic lymphadenectomy. Materials and Methods : This is a retrospective study of 68 cervical carcinoma patients who were found to have pelvic nodal metastasis at hysterectomy and received pelvic irradiation from 1983 to 1996 at Inje University Seoul Paik Hospital. External beam radiation therapy to pelvis was delivered using 4 MeV Linac and intracavitary irradiation was given via vaginal ovoids or cylinders. Five-year survival and disease-free survival were estimated by Kaplan-Meier Method and prognostic factors related to survival were analysed by log-rank test and Cox proportional hazards regression model. Results : Median length of follow-up was 52months. Five-year overall survival and disease-free survival (DFS) were 81.8$\%$ and 81.7$\%$ respectively. Patients with endometrial invasion had a 57.1$\%$ 5-year DFS compared to 87.5$\%$ for those without endometrial invasion (p=0.0074). Multivariate analysis revealed endometrial invasion as an only statistically significant prognostic factor for 5-year DFS. Among total 15 (22$\%$) recurrences. pelvic recurrences occurred in 4 cases and distant metastases occurred in 13 cases. Conclusion : We have been able to confirm previous results demonstrating marked decrease in local recurrence after pelvic irradiation. In view of the high proportion of distant metastasis found in this study, a trial of aggressive adjuvant systemic therapy and irradiation in early stage cervical carcinoma patients with pelvic nodal metastasis, especially with endometrial invasion, appears to be warranted.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.148-153
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• 2008

Purpose: Malignant bowel obstruction caused by recurrent gastric cancer must be treated appropriately to improve the effects of treatment and to prolong survival. We reviewed the surgical treatments for malignant bowel obstruction caused by recurrent gastric cancer. Materials and Methods: The subjects were patients with malignant bowel obstruction caused by recurrent gastric cancer and these patients were treated by surgical procedures at our hospital from 1998 to 2008. The patients were treated by resection, ostomy or bypass. The success of treatment was decided when the patients were able to tolerate more than a liquid diet. Results: 42 patients were treated 46 times by surgical procedures. Resection was done12 times, ostomy was done 24 times and bypass was done 10 times. The hospital stay and the period to liquid diet after the operation were shorter in the ostomy group. The post operative morbidity rate was 21.7% and the post operative death rate was 8.7%. There was no significant difference in survival according to the type of surgery. Conclusion: Ostomy is good choice for selected patients because it has a shorter hospital stay and period to liquid diet. There was no significant difference in survival according to the type of surgery because curative resection is difficult to perform in patients with malignant bowel obstruction.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.30-36
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• 1998

Purpose: It is well known that duodenal ulcer disease does not relapse if H. pylori is cleared from the gastric mucosa. Little is known about the recurrence of duodenal ulcer in children. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the eradication of H. pylori in duodenal ulcer in children upon the duodenal ulcer recurrence. Methods: 105 patients (M:F=78:27) diagnosed as duodenal ulcer by endoscopy in 1987~1995 were reviewed clinically, and were parted into two groups. The two treatment groups were ranitidine/antacid (RAN/ANT) and ranitidine/amoxicillin/denol (RAN/AMX/D). The latter was for H. pylori-positive children with duodenal ulcer who were diagnosed by serology and/or antral biopsies for histology, culture, and urease testing. The recurrence rates were compared between the two groups. Results: 1) 30 patients with primary duodenal ulcer underwent endoscopy for H. pylori and 27 (90.0%) of them were positive for H. pylori. 2) 27 of H. pylori-positive children received RAN/AMX/D. 23(85.2%) of them showed cure of duodenal ulcer and eradication of H. pylori. 3) The duodenal ulcer recurrence rate in RAN/ANT group was 65.3% and the rate in RAN/AMX/D was 4.3% by a year. Conclusions: There is a strong correlation between the duodenal ulceration and H. pylori infection in children, and the eradication of H. pylori in duodenal ulcer patients reduces the recurrence of the ulcer. Because of the low incidence of duodenal ulcers in children, a multicenter prospective study is required to determine the effect of treating H. pylori infetion on the long term natural history of duodenal ulcer disease.