• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.561-584
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• 2021

This study was conducted to classify 601 Korean adults into latent classes according to their love types and identify the differences in depression and find variables that affect the latent classes classification. As a result of the latent class analysis, the latent group for love types of Korean adults were classified into the L-H (7.7%) group, which showed the highest level of all three factors of intimacy, passion, and commitment, and the L-MH (33.6%) group, which all three factors were higher than the average, the L-M (39.8%) group with the mean of all three factors, the L-ML (14.6%) group with all three factors lower than the mean, and the L-L (4.3%) group with the lowest all three factors. Also, as a result of ANOVA, the L-MH group was psychologically healthier and more adaptive than the L-ML group. As a result of multinomial logistic analysis, females were more likely to belong to L-M, L-ML and L-L groups than males. In addition, singles were more likely to belong to the L-M and L-ML groups than those who were married. Also, the higher the anxiety attachment level, the higher the likelihood of belonging to the L-M, L-ML, and L-L groups than the L-H and L-MH groups, the L-ML and L-L groups than the L-M groups, and the L-L group rather than the L-ML groups. However, age, neuroticism, and emotional regulation did not affect the classification of latent classes. This study is meaningful in that it identified the various latent classes for the love types of Korean adults more three-dimensionally and suggested the possibility of differential interventions according to the characteristics of each group.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.303-314
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• 1991

Hypoxic bottom $(\leq2.0ml/l),\;40\%\;oxygen\;saturation)$ is formed in the semi-closed Wonmun bay during summer and autumn early. This study was carried out to know seasonal distribution of marine bacteria and the role of marine bacteria for forming the hypoxic bottom at Wonmun bay during summer and autumn early, 1990. During the study periods, 170 bacterial strains were isolated from sea water and sediment. Viable cell counts were ranged between $10^5-10^7\;cells/ml$. The dominant species were Acinetobacter spp. in spring, Flavobacerium spp. in summer, Pseudomonas spp. in autumn, Serratia spp. in winter. Because ETSA(Electron Transport System Activity) reveals potential consumption of oxygen in the aquatic microorganisms, the ETSA was used as potential consumption of oxygen in this study. The potential consumption of oxygen was in the range of $232.4-637.5{\mu}l/O_2/l/day$ by marine organism and $142.6-432.4{\mu}l/O_2/l/day$ by marine bacteria during the study periods. The ratio of potential oxygen consumption of marine bacteria to total marine microorganism was 0.54. The potential consumption of oxygen by marine bacteria closely related with the number of viable cells. Consequently, bacteria play an important role to form Hypoxic bottom at marine environment.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.27 no.7
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• pp.1077-1095
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• 2014

Unlike randomized trial, statistical strategies for inferring the unbiased causal relationship are required in the observational studies. Recently, new methods for the causal inference in the observational studies have been proposed such as the matching with the propensity score or the inverse probability treatment weighting. They have focused on how to control the confounders and how to evaluate the effect of the treatment on the result variable. However, these conventional methods are valid only when the treatment variable is categorical and both of the treatment and the result variables are directly observable. Research on the causal inference can be challenging in part because it may not be possible to directly observe the treatment and/or the result variable. To address this difficulty, we propose a method for estimating the average causal effect when both of the treatment and the result variables are latent. The latent class analysis has been applied to calculate the propensity score for the latent treatment variable in order to estimate the causal effect on the latent result variable. In this work, we investigate the causal effect of adolescents delinquency on their substance use using data from the 'National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health'.

• Proceedings of the Korean Statistical Society Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.59-64
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• 2005

유배우율과 생명표의 작성기법을 응용하여 작성된 결혼생명표를 이용하여 1960${\sim}$2000년까지의 연령별 유배우율의 추이, 평균적으로 부부가 함께 생활하는 기간인 유배우 기대여명의 변화, 유배우 잠재 기대여명과 유배우 기대여명의 관계 등을 알아보았다.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.192-203
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• 2011

The CERES-Barley crop simulation model was used to assess the impacts of climate change on the potential yield of winter naked barley in Korea. Fifty six sites over the southern part of the Korean Peninsula were selected to compare the climate change impacts in various climatic conditions. Based on the A1B climate change scenarios of Korea, the present climatological normal (1971-2000) and the three future ones (2011-2040, 2041-2070, and 2071-2100) were considered in this study. The three future normals were divided by three environmental conditions with changes in: (1) temperature only, (2) carbon dioxide concentration only, and (3) both temperature and carbon dioxide concentration. The agreement between the observed and simulated outcomes was reasonable with the coefficient of determination of grain yield to be 0.78. We concluded that the CERES-Barley model was suitable for predicting climate change impacts on the potential yield of winter naked barley. The effect of the increased temperature only with the climate change scenario was negative to the potential yield of winter naked barley, which ranges from -34 to -9% for the three future normals. However, the effect of the elevated carbon dioxide concentration only on the potential yield of winter naked barley was positive, ranging from 6 to 31% for the three future normals. For the elevated conditions of both temperature and carbon dioxide concentration, the potential yields increased by 8, 15, and 13% for the 2011-2040, 2041-2070, and 2071-2100 normals, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.67 no.3
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• pp.31-55
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to identify the effect of verbal violence experience by employees on turnover intention and the mediating effect of customer-member exchange(CMX) and job satisfaction in local healthy family support center(HFSC). Additionally, the multi-group analysis and latent mean analysis showed varying results across working for general service and child-care service. For the purpose, study conducted a survey among all the employees at 56 local HFSC in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do Province. Of a total of questionnaires distributed, 319 were returned and analysed. The result of this study were as follows First, verbal violence experience by employees effected on CMX, CMX effected on job satisfaction, job satisfaction effected on turnover intention. Second, CMX and job satisfaction acceptance have statistically significant mediating effects between verbal violence experience and turnover intention. Third, as result of multi-group analysis, the structural relationship were no significant differences found in job position. In the latent means analysis, working for child-care service showed significantly higher latent mean values in verbal violence experience and CMX than general service. Based on the results, policy and practice implications of this study were discussed intervention with considerations given to the difference of the job position.

• 한국경영정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.377-382
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• 2008

몽골은 우리나라에 중요한 시장이자 교역국이다. 본 연구는 몽골인들의 인터넷 사용실태를 분석해 보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 울란바타르에 거주하는 몽골대학생461명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 그 결과 그들은 인터넷을 평균 4.3년 정도 사용하였고, 일주일에 평균 4.6회 인터넷에 접속하며, 하루 평균 2시간 정도 사용하는 것으로 나타났다. 인터넷은 주로 인터넷카페에서 이메일, 정보탐색, 채팅 목적으로 사용하는 빈도가 높았다. 현재 인터넷사용의가장 큰 문제점으로 느린속도(53.6%)를 다음으로, 비싼 사용료(20.8%)를 지적하였다. 전체응답자의 72%가 인터넷 쇼핑을 해본 경험이 없었다. 이러한 결과는 남녀별로, 연령별로, 월평균 용돈 수준별로 약간의 차이를 보였다. 결론적으로 몽골의 young age group의 인터넷 사용은 매우 보편화되어 있으며, 앞으로 인프라가 구축되는 대로 다양한 인터넷 서비스의 잠재고객이 될 것으로 보인다.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.672-679
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• 2018

This study was conducted to predict the potential distribution and risk of invasive alien plant, Amaranthus patulus, in an agricultural area of South Korea. We collected 254 presence localities of A. patulus using field survey and literature search and stimulated the potential distribution area of A. patulus using maximum entropy modeling (MaxEnt) with six climatic variables. Two different kinds of agricultural risk index, raster risk index and regional risk index, were estimated. The 'raster risk index' was calculated by multiplying the potential distribution by the field area in $1{\times}1km$ and 'regional risk index' was calculated by multiplying the potential distribution by field area proportion in the total field of South Korea. The predicted potential distribution of A. patulus was almost matched with actual presence data. The annual mean temperature had the highest contribution for distribution modeling of A. patulus. Area under curve (AUC) value of the model was 0.711. The highest regions were Gwangju for potential distribution, Jeju for 'raster risk index' and Gyeongbuk for 'regional risk index'. This different ranks among the index showed the importance about the development of various risk index for evaluating invasive plant risk.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.166-173
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• 2007

This study analyzed the valuation of stock market for marketability of mobile contents. We investigated, during the period of 2002 to 2005, the anormal returns of each firms which announced the launching of new mobile contents. As a result, we found statistically significant average abnormal return(AAR) at launching day of new mobile contents. And the meaningful average cumulative abnormal returns(ACAR) are observed during event period. Which means that the launching announcement of new mobile contents leads to statistically significant positive abnormal returns at stock market. Therefore, we concluded that stock market react immediately to new mobile contents, and which valuate only specific value but also implied value of contents.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.98 no.3
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• pp.311-318
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• 2009

This study purposed to construct supply and demand potential map of forest bioenergy with a GIS-based decision support system. The target areas of this study were a part of the forests in Yongdong region, Gangwondo, and most types of forests were pinus densiflora, pinus koreaiansis, and Oak. Data about forest type, age classes, the number of households, regional silviculture planning was stored in GIS to define the potential areas for supplying potential bioenergy from the forests, and to assess biomass available for a household. Theoretical potential biomass energy based on silviculture plan was estimated in average 3,144 Tcal, and this quantity will be enough to supply the quantity of demand of households in that area. However, if it assumed that average collecting rates of Kangwon province were 10%, the available quantity of biomass will be between 6% and 15% of demand. If the collecting rates were 60%, the supply of biomass could exceed the quantity of demand in certain cities.