• Analytical Science and Technology
• /
• v.21 no.3
• /
• pp.212-221
• /
• 2008

In order to investigate the information for effective detection and developing of latent fingerprints, we identified fatty acids composition of latent fingerprints on non-porous evidence surface and the chemical changes of latent fingerprint residue after print deposition during 7 months. Fingerprints from eight Korean male donors (aged 29-50 years) and one female donor (aged 36 years) were collected. All fingerprints were found to contain lauric acid (C12:0), myristic acid (C14:0), palmitic acid (C16:0), stearic acid (C18:0), elaidic acid (C18:1n9t), oleic acid (C18:1n9c), linoleic acid (C18:2n6c), arachidic acid (C20:0), linolenic acid (C18:3n3), erucic acid (C22:1n9) and docosadienoic acid (C22:2) and primarily palmitic acid (35.45-48.37%), oleic acid (14.84-28.49%), stearic acid (9.71-24.96%) and linoleic acid (7.68-18.8%) occupied 75% of total fatty acids. When the fingerprints were deposited at dark room for 7 months, total fatty acids components decreased about 12-25%. It can be explained that significant degradation of long-chain fatty acids such as elaidic acid (C18:1n9t), arachidic acid (C20:0), linolenic acid (C18:3n3), erucic acid (C22:1n9), and docosadienoic acid (C22:2) resulted in the generation of myristic acid (C14:0), myristoleic acid (C14:1) and pentadecanoic acid (C15:0).

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.22 no.10
• /
• pp.733-741
• /
• 2022

Among the various evidence found in maritime crimes, fingerprints and DNA are very important in that they can identify a suspect. In this study, 5 types of non-porous surfaces (plastic, stainless, glass, ceramic, FRP), which are often found as evidence in the actual marine environment, were selected, and latent and blood fingerprints were passed down and immersed at the Donghae Maritime Police Station's exclusive pier for about 7 days. After that, DNA extraction, quantification, and STR profile were analyzed after fingerprint developing CA fumming method and 4 powder methods (Swedish black powder, Concentrated black powder, Supranano red powder, Dazzle orange powder). Among the fingerprint developing methods, when Supranano red powder was applied, a relatively high amount of DNA was found. As a result of STR profile analysis, an average of 16.8 to 9 loci were secured, and all 20 were confirmed in glass and ceramic materials. As a result of the study, it was possible to secure the STR profile by extracting and quantifying DNA after applying the fingerprint developing method to virtual evidence immersed for about 7 days, and further research is needed to secure the STR profile by analyzing DNA after applying various fingerprint developing methods such as VMD and SPR.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.21 no.12
• /
• pp.331-336
• /
• 2021

Vacuum metal deposition(VMD) using gold and zinc is known as a very sensitive technique of developing latent fingerprints on nonporous surfaces by excellent malleability and ductility of gold. However, VMD produces empty print which cannot be identified. There is only presumption about the cause of occurrence of empty print, the exact cause is not known. In this study, we experiment on the freshness of fingerprints and sensitivity of techniques that are estimated as the factors causing empty print, based on this, we suggest cyanoacrylate fuming is effective to redevelop empty print.

• Analytical Science and Technology
• /
• v.36 no.6
• /
• pp.324-331
• /
• 2023

Latent fingerprints on wet paper cannot be developed using amino acid reaction reagents. Therefore, physical developer (PD) or lipid staining reagents like oil red O (ORO) should be utilized. However, ORO is not very effective in developing fingerprints that are older than approximately 4 weeks. On the other hand, PD performs well in developing older fingerprints, but it cannot do so for relatively fresh fingerprints. Additionally, PD has the disadvantage of taking a long time to develop fingerprints. In this study, in order to overcome the limitations of PD, we attempted to increase its reactivity by applying Ag-PD, which involves depositing silver onto paper using vacuum metal deposition (VMD), and compared this with fingerprints developed using ORO and PD. As a result, Ag-PD showed superior fingerprint development compared to ORO and PD on wet paper stored for 2~8 weeks, and the fingerprint development time for PD was significantly reduced to 90~150 seconds.

• Analytical Science and Technology
• /
• v.34 no.3
• /
• pp.122-127
• /
• 2021

A mixture of polyvinylpyrrolidone and 1,2-indanedione (PVP-IND) is known to be the best reagent for developing latent fingerprints deposited on the surface of a thermal paper. However, no study has evaluated whether PVP-IND could enhance fingerprints in blood deposited on the surface of thermal paper. Therefore, in this study, the ability of PVP-IND to enhance the fingerprints in blood was investigated. Furthermore, aqueous amido black solution, which is known to be the best reagent for enhancing fingerprints in blood deposited on the surface of thermal paper, was used for comparison with PVP-IND. Therefore, while enhancing the fingerprints in diluted blood, PVP-IND enhanced the quality of fingerprints compared to aqueous amido black solution. The ridge diffused when the undiluted fingerprints in blood were enhanced with PVP-IND because PVP reacted with amino acids in blood; however, amido black solution yielded better results. When treated with PVP-IND, it is presumed that the ridge diffused due to the reaction of PVP and amino acids contained in the blood.

• Analytical Science and Technology
• /
• v.29 no.3
• /
• pp.142-153
• /
• 2016

In crime scene investigation, fingerprint identification is regarded to be one of the most important techniques for personal identification. However, objective and unbiased evaluation methods that would compare the fingerprints with diverse available and developing methods are currently lacking. To develop an objective and quantitative method to improve fingerprint evaluation, a preliminary study was performed to extract useful research information from the analysis with densitometric image analysis (CP Atlas 2.0) and the Automated Fingerprint Identification System (AFIS) for the developed fingerprints on porous surfaces. First, inked fingerprints obtained by varying pressure (kg.f) and pressing time (sec.) to find optimal conditions for obtaining fingerprint samples were analyzed, because they could provide fingerprints of a relatively uniform quality. The extracted number of minutiae from the analysis with AFIS was compared with the calculated areas of friction ridge peaks from the image analysis. Inked fingerprints with a pressing pressure of 1.0 kg.f for 5 seconds provided the most visually clear fingerprints, the highest number of minutiae points, and the largest average area of the peaks of the friction ridge. In addition, the images of the developed latent fingerprints on thermal paper with the iodine fuming method were analyzed. Fingerprinting condition of 1.0 kg.f/5 sec was also found to be optimal when generating highest minutiae number and the largest average area of peaks of ridges. Additionally, when the concentration of ninhydrin solution (0.5 % vs. 5 %) was used to compare the developed latent fingerprints on print paper, the best fingerprinting condition was 2.0 kg.f/5 sec and 5 % of ninhydrin concentration. It was confirmed that the larger the average area of the peaks generated by the image analysis, the higher the number of minutiae points was found. With additional tests for fingerprint evaluation using the densitometric image analysis, this method can prove to be a new quantitative and objective assessment method for fingerprint development.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.14 no.11
• /
• pp.964-971
• /
• 2014

It is impossible to use general latent fingerprint developing reagents with thermal paper because it is very sensitive to change its color when exposed to heat and polarized solvents. The present study set up the applicapable ratio of 1,2-Indanedione solution demonstrating the effect of zinc chloride. There is no difference in results and the term of validity in solution containing under 3% of polarized solvent. And the solution without zinc chloride has better result in fluorescence.

• Analytical Science and Technology
• /
• v.33 no.3
• /
• pp.159-166
• /
• 2020

Vacuum metal deposition (VMD) is effective to develop latent fingerprints on non-porous and semi-porous surfaces. VMD can be used in cases when fingerprints that can not be developed by generalized techniques or deposited on difficult surfaces. The recommended surfaces for VMD techniques include vinyl, polymer bills, magnetic coated tickets, etc. In this study, the minimum amount of gold input was explored for developing fingerprints from at least 12 hours to up to 28 days after deposit fingerprint on the pink high density polyethylene envelope (HDPE) and low density polyethylene envelope (LDPE), which are mainly used as delivery envelopes. And the results were compared with the effects of black powder and fluorescent powder. In addition, delivery envelopes used for delivery were collected, then classified as HDPE and LDPE and pseudo-operation test was performed. As a result, VMD method developed good quality of fingerprints.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.16 no.8
• /
• pp.209-216
• /
• 2016

Latent fingerprint left on the adhesive sides of tapes can be easily found at a crime scene. Small Particle Reagents(SPR) based on iron oxide($Fe_3O_4$) is a technique for the detection of a latent fingerprint adhesive surface. In this study, found out that the causes affecting the quality of the fingerprints developed when used SPR based on iron oxide. To a suspension of 0.5g of iron oxide in 100ml of distilled water, 0.5ml or more surfactant were added can be developed latent fingerprints of good quality. In addition, using surfactants HLB(hydrophile-lipophile balance) value of 11~18 showed good contrast to the background and latent fingerprint.

• Analytical Science and Technology
• /
• v.34 no.6
• /
• pp.251-258
• /
• 2021

Knives are most frequently used as weapons in violent crimes. Criminals leave behind knife sheaths made of paper and tape at crime scenes. It is difficult to develop fingerprints using tape attached to a porous surface, resulting in the need to explore effective techniques for identifying fingerprints as well as the distribution of fingerprints on each surface, when evidence such as paper knife sheaths are found. In this study, 50 knife sheaths were prepared. The cyanoacrylate fuming (CA fuming) method was applied to develop fingerprints on the non-adhesive side of the tape, and a dual-purpose 1,2-indanedione/Zn (1,2-IND/Zn) reagent was used to separate tape from paper while simultaneously developing fingerprints on the paper. The fingerprints on the adhesive side of the tape were developed using Wet Powder Black^®. Using the R statistical analysis program (The R Foundation for Statistical Computing), we used a heat map to indicate the location of fingerprints developed from each surface. More fingerprints were detected at the ends than in the center of the adhesive side of the tape, and although the non-adhesive sides of tape and paper did not present clear distribution patterns, many fingerprints were developed that had sufficient clarity for personal identification. The results of this study may be applicable for processing evidence when paper sheaths are found at crime scenes.