• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Postharvest Science and Technology of Agricultural Products Conference
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• 1994.07a
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• pp.23-24
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• 1994

본 연구는 성숙과의 저장중에 세포벽분해효소가 세포벽을 분해해서 물성의 변화를 유발함으로 일어나는 과실의 연과가 품질과 저장성의 저하 뿐만 아니라 영양적, 경제적 손실을 초래한다는 점을 고려하여 대추의 성숙중에 일어나는 연화현상을 연구하고자 성숙에 따른 경도, 세포벽분해효소의 활성, 세포벽 다당류 pectin질, 비섬유성 중성당 및 조직의 변화를 조사하였다. 경도는 대추의 숙성에 따라 감소하였고, polygalacturonase와 $\beta$-galactosidase의 활성은 각각 변색기와 완숙기에 나타난 이후 급격히 증가하였다. 세포벽 다당류인 pectin질과 알칼리 지용성 hemicellulose는 완숙기가지 증가햐였으나 cellulose는 완숙기에 산가용성 hemicellulose와 cellulose를 제외한 세포벽 다당류의 함량은 다소 감소하였다. 대추의 세포벽 비섬유성 중성당으로 rhamnose, arabinose, xylose, mannose, galactose, glucose가 동정되었고, 성숙동안에 pectin질에서는 arabinose, mannose, galactose와 총 비섬유성 중성당의 함량이 감소하였고, 산가용성 hemicellulose에서는 xylose와 mannose가 뚜렸하게 증가하였으나 중성당은 변화없었으며, 알칼리 가용성 hemicellulose에서는 성숙에 따른 변화가 거의 없었다. pectin질의 경우 수용성 pectin, EDTA 용해성 pectin 및 총 pectin은 성숙중에 증가하는 경향이있으나 불용성 pectin은 감소하는 경향이였으며 과숙기에는 불용성 psctin EDTA용해성 pectin 및 총 pectin의 함량은 모두 현저히 감소하였다. 대추의 성숙중 조직에서는 pectin질로 구성된 중충의 붕괴현상이 뚜렸하게 나타났다.발이 절실히 필요한 실정이다. 이러한 배경으로 본 강연에서는 효소적갈변 저해제의 개발과 그들의 식품가공에의 적용 현환 및 화장품, 의약품으로의 응용에 대해 설명하고자 한다.L주에 비해 S주는 수정후 용과가 더 심하다. 9) 화분관의 행동은 수정력과 완전히 일치된다. 즉 L-selfing, $L{\times}L$, S-selfing, $S{\times}S$등의 부적법 수분에서는 화분관은 화주의 미중에서 정지되지만 $L{\times}S$, $S{\times}L$,에서는 수분 약 40-50분 후이면 화분관은 자방까지 도달된다. 10) S주는 웅본으로 오인되어 있지만 인위적법수분을 하면 수정력이나 화분관의 행동은 L주에서와 동일하다. 11) S화분은 완전하지만 L화분은 약 70%가 내용공허한 Adortive pollen 이다. 12) L화분중 나머지 30%도 S화분에 비해서 염색도가 낮은것이 많고 S화분 같이 농염되는 것은 극히 소수이다. 13) 본장물은 분화가 고도로 진행된 전형적인 이형예작물이여 마치 Dimorphism 에서 Dioecious 에로 이행되는 수가 있다는 것을 표시하는 증거가 되는 것 같다. 다소 높은 산소농도 3%~5% 이산화탄소 농도 5~8%에서 저장하는 것이 효과적일 것으로 판단되었다.철쭉군목으로 대표되나 군단이 하의 군목들은 다소 차이를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 중간상인이론의 수정이 필요하다고 본다.가\ulcorner 본 논문에서는 표면적 형태에도 불구하고 [-wh]의미의 겹의문사는 병렬적 관계의 합성어가 아니라 내부구조를 지니지 않은 단순한 단어(minimal $X^{0}$ elements)로 가정한다. 즉, [+wh] 의미의 겹의문사는 동일한 구성요 소를 지닌 병렬적 합성어([

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.293-302
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• 2010

Taxa of Artemisia collected in Korea were constructed by molecular phylogenetic analysis based on the internal transcribed spacer(ITS) regions of nrDNA. The length of the ITS sequences aligned using the clustal X program was 636~643 bp, and the lengths of the ITS1 and ITS2 regions were 251~255 bp and 217~222 bp, respectively. The total number of variable sites was 95 for the entire sequence, and a parsimony- informative site represented an efficacious site in ITS1 rather than in ITS2. The maximum parsimony tree as calculated by the MEGA 4 program was clustered into five clades. The taxa(A. capillaris, A. japonica var. japonica, A. japonica var. hallaisanensis, A. japonica subsp. littoricora) degenerated ovary of clade 1 was supported as the subgenus Dracunculus by Ling's classification system. The results show that A. nakaii and A. fukudo were quite similar genetically(Boostrap 99%) and that the scientific name of Korean A. dubia should be reconsidered. A. sp. distributed in Ganghwa province was grouped with A. argyi(Boostrap 89%). These results suggest that the molecular techniques used in this study could be useful for the phylogenetic analysis of Korean Artemisia herbs having variations in their morphological characteristics.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.91-98
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• 1999

The content of taxol and related compounds in needle and stem tissues of exotic yews growing in the Chollipo Arboretum which located in the West Sea of Korea were determined by HPLC. A considerable variation in contents of taxol and the related compounds within species and among cultivars were observed. The content of taxol was much higher in the needles than those in the young stem tissues except T. X media cv. Vermuleun, T. baccata cv. Washingtonii, and T. X cuspidata cv. Nana, and the content of 10-deacetyl baccatin III(10-DAB III) was also slightly higher in the needle. The needle of T. cuspidata cv. Nigra collected from April was contained the high amount of taxol(1,027 ${\mu}g$ per g dry weight) and also contained high quantity in 10-DAB III(267 ${\mu}g$ per g dry weight). Concentration of taxol in needle was significantly greater than those of meristemic and ovary tissues, Exotic yews growing at the Chollipo Arboretum containing T. cuspidata cv. Nigra could be suitable materials as a source for the tissue and cell cultures for production of taxol.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.277-282
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• 1996

This study was carried out to understand the flowering and pollination characteristics in Bupleurum falcatum. Estimated total node numbers of primary branches were 106.6, and the total numbers of florets were theoretically 9,622 until secondary branches flower. In the sizes of floral organs according to the branch order, all of ray, pedicel, petal, pistil, stamen, ovary surface, and sepals have a tendancy to be smaller as this order: main stem> 1st branch> 2nd branch. As the branch development proceeds, the size of florets was getting smaller. Each flowering periods, especially stamen emergence, in different branch positons and in intra-branch were clearly divided. In case of florets, umbellets, and compound umbels enveloped in the gauze and paper, they showed 0% fertilization rate. However, the plants which were entirely enveloped in gauze led to the partial fertilization. Consequently, it was admitted that B. falcatum was a partly allogamous plant, fertilized in the way of entomophily. In respect of pol­linatability according to the steps of floral organs maturation, this plant was able to bear fruit after 8 days (Pistil maturation). It was at maturity stages, especially 11 through 13 days, that the maximum fer­tilization rate appeared.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.104 no.2
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• pp.179-186
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• 2015

This study was conducted to understand the characteristics of flowering and the factors affecting fruiting grades of Acer pictum subsp. mono(APSM), We examined the characteristics of flowering and fruiting in various natural APSM forest, and investigated annual fruiting grade, DBH, tree height, number of APSM trees within 30 m on 29 selected trees in the natural broadleaved forest in Mt. Jungwang in Gangwon-do, from 2009 to 2014. APSM has heterodichogamous sexual system consist of protoandry and protogyny. Eight trees have changed their sex morphs; 3 trees change the sex morph PA to PG, and 5 trees does the sex morph PG to PA. Early fall of young ovary is concentrated until early July. Initially, the small samaras are common, and was gradually increased the samaras suffered insect damage. Most flowers of APSM are pollinated by Andrenidae sp., Syrphidae sp. and Tachinidae sp.. Number of early fall samaras and the status of fallen samaras showed a significant difference by the year and region. Corymbose panicle and young leaves developed on the top of APSM twigs. Newly grown opposite twigs of APSM did not grow sufficiently and had no floral buds. The highest fruiting grade of tree was 9.0, and the mean values was only 3.8. The highest fruiting grade of year was 4.55 in 2013, and the lowest did 0.07 in 2014. Highly significantly correlated and regressed between mean of annual fruiting rates and rates of crown under sun light. This results would imply that thinning for tree growth through improved light absorption might be a method to enhance seed production of APSM in the seed production forest.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.173-176
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• 2016

This research was performed to breed new columnar-typed apple variety for pollinator in apple orchard. We cross-fertilized 'Hongro' that was an ovary parent and 'Maypole' a pollen parent in 2003. We gathered seeds in 2003 and sowed after breaking of dormancy in 2004. Seedlings was been growth and development till flowering. After fruit setting, We investigated characteristics of growth and fruit including mating compatibility from 2010 to 2012, then finally selected '03-2-95' named 'Tinkerbell' in 2012, registered as new variety on Korea Seed & Variety Service in 2015. The full bloom stage of 'Tinkerbell' was later 2 days then of 'Maypole'. Tree habit of 'Tinkerbell' was alike to of 'Maypole', for example weak tree vigor, columnar type. But there were many different characteristics between 'Tinkerbell' and 'Maypole'. Fruit shape of 'Tinkerbell' was ovoid whereas of 'Maypole' was ellipsoid. Fruit of 'Tinkerbell' was bigger, smoother skin, no waxy bloom than of 'Maypole'. Fruit of 'Tinkerbell' was more delicious than of 'Maypole' because of having higher soluble sugar content and lower titratable acidity. 'Tinkerbell' was excellent pollinator in apple orchard. Because of having high fruit setting rate with major apple varieties and a narrow tree width that was advantageous as pollinator in apple high density system.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.433-458
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• 2008

This study were examined for their external morphological characters such as root, leaf, inflorescenses, flower, stamen, pistil, and fruit as to Korean Thalictrum L. and discussed taxanomic value of characters, and made out a new key. This study confirmed that specialized stems and roots type were divided into fibrous type, fibrous having a tuber type, long fusiform tuberous type, tuberoid type, rhizome type and stolon type. The stem were divided into two types based on existence and nonexistence of striate or pubescent. Leaves were usually 2-3-ternately and was divided into three types based on leaf apex, leaf base and number of lobe. Inflorescenses were divided into two type; corymb, panicle. Flower is bisexual, and don't have petal. It was divided from existence and nonexistence of calyx when it flowering. Especially, the stamens were divided from anther shape and apex shape, degree of dilation of filament, epidermic shape of filament etc., and the pistils were divided from glandular on ovary, length of carpel stipe etc.. The fruit is a achene and it was divided from achene shape, achene rib or wings, achene stipe length. This study suggest that useful characters for identifying section are degree of dilation of filament, anther shape, achene rib and wings, degree of dilation of achene. Also, roots, leaf shape, stamen and pistil shape, achene beak and achene length, achene and leaf hair appear to be useful characters for identifying species.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.555-566
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• 1987

Fifty ancient Korean coins originated in Yi Dynasty have been determined for 9 elements such as Sn, Fe, As, Ag, Co, Sb, Ir, Ru and Ni by instrumental neutron activation analysis and for 3 elements such as Cu, Pb, and Zn by atomic absorption spectrometry. Bronze coins originated in early days of the dynasty contain as major constituents Cu, Pb and Sn approximately in the ratio 90 : 4 : 3, whereas, those in latter days contain in ratio 7 : 2 : 0. Brass coins which had begun in 17 century contain as major constituents Cu, Zn and Pb approximately in the ratio 7 : 1 : 1. The multivariate data have been analyzed for the relation among elemental contents through the variance-covariance matrix. The data have been further analyzed by a principal component mapping method. As the results training set of 8 class have been chosen, based on the spread of sample points in an eigen vector plot and archaeological data such as age and the office of minting. The training set and test set of samples have finally been analyzed for the assignment to certain classes or outliers through the statistical isolinear multiple component analysis (SIMCA).

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.230-247
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• 2018

We conducted principal component analyses using the quantitative characteristics of the genus Sorbaria to investigate and explore morphological variation and diagnostic characteristics. The genus Sorbaria was divided into two groups based on erect or pendulous inflorescence, the existence of hairs on the ovary and follicle surfaces, the number of stamens, and the shape of the sepal. As a result of our investigation and of a morphometric analysis, these two groups could be also classified using quantitative characteristics, in this case the number of leaflets, the size of the leaflets, the width of the inflorescence, the size of the sepal, the petal, and the follicles and seeds. In the Sorbifolia group (S. grandiflora and S. sorbifolia complex), the size of lateral leaflets, number of veins, gland and stellate density on the abaxial surface of leaflets, and the petal and follicle size were found to be useful identification characteristics. The terminal and lateral leaflet size and the gland and stellate density on the abaxial surface of the leaflets were found to be characters of taxonomic value for the Kirilowii group (S. arborea complex, S. kirilowii, and S. tomentosa complex). The results of the numerical analysis conducted here can provide valuable information to those reconsidering and delimiting a taxonomic revision of the genus Sorbaria.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.218-224
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• 2008

This study was conducted to obtain the basic data for using the Artemisia genetic resources as a medicinal crop. 24 taxa including Artemisia capillaris Thunb. were analyzed by principal component analysis of 25 characters and cluster analysis for classification. In Principal components analysis of individuals of taxa using 25 morphological characters of reproductive organ, the first, the second, the third and the fourth components contributed 44.73%, 16.86%, 8.88%, and 7.07% of the variations, respectively. The cumulative contribution from the first to the fourth principal components was 77.56%. In cluster analysis, taxa of Artemisia L. was seperated 3 group by 25 morphological characters of reproductive organ, but it didn't completely coincident with Kitamura classification.