• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.35 no.10
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• pp.1025-1031
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• 2011

Autoignition characteristic is an important parameter for designing diesel or PCCI engines. In particular, diesel spray flames are lifted from the nozzle and the initial flame is formed by an autoignition phenomenon. The lifted nature of diesel spray flames influences soot formation, since air will be entrained into the spray core by the entrainment of air between the nozzle region and the lifted flame base. The objective of the present study was to identify the effect of heat loss on the ignition delay time by adopting a coflow jet as a model problem. Methane ($CH_4$), ethylene ($C_2H_4$), ethane ($C_2H_6$), propene ($C_3H_6$), propane ($C_3H_8$), and normal butane (n-$C_4H_{10}$) fuels were injected into high temperature air, and the liftoff height was measured experimentally. As the result, a correlation was determined between the liftoff height of the autoignited lifted flame and the ignition delay time considering the heat loss to the atmosphere.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.639-646
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• 2012

The characteristics of autoignited lifted flames in laminar jets of carbon monoxide/hydrogen fuels have been investigated experimentally in heated coflow air. In result, as the jet velocity increased, the blowoff was directly occurred from the nozzle-attached flame without experiencing a stabilized lifted flame, in the non-autoignited regime. In the autoignited regime, the autoignited lifted flame of carbon monoxide diluted by nitrogen was affected by the water vapor content in the compressed air oxidizer, as evidenced by the variation of the ignition delay time estimated by numerical calculation. In particular, in the autoignition regime at low temperatures with added hydrogen, the liftoff height of the autoignited lifted flames decreased and then increased as the jet velocity increased. Based on the mechanism in which the autoignited laminar lifted flame is stabilized by ignition delay time, the liftoff height can be influenced not only by the heat loss, but also by the preferential diffusion between momentum and mass diffusion in fuel jets during the autoignition process.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.75-81
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• 2012

Autoignited lifted flames in laminar jets with hydrogen-enriched methane fuels have been investigated experimentally in heated coflow air. The results showed that the autoignited lifted flame of the methane/hydrogen mixture, which had an initial temperature over 920 K, the threshold temperature for autoignition in methane jets, exhibited features typical of either a tribrachial edge or mild combustion depending on fuel mole fraction and the liftoff height increased with jet velocity. The liftoff height in the hydrogen-assisted autoignition regime was dependent on the square of the adiabatic ignition delay time for the addition of small amounts of hydrogen, as was the case for pure methane jets. When the initial temperature was below 920 K, where the methane fuel did not show autoignition behavior, the flame was autoignited by the addition of hydrogen, which is an ignition improver. The liftoff height demonstrated a unique feature in that it decreased nonlinearly as the jet velocity increased. The differential diffusion of hydrogen is expected to play a crucial role in the decrease in the liftoff height with increasing jet velocity.

• Aerospace Engineering and Technology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.122-128
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• 2012

Many of the liquid rocket engines use a hypergolic igniter with rupture disc ends located in the combustion chamber ignition line. In this study, the flow coefficient tests of the igniter, which have a solenoid valve upstream, were performed. The tension-type rupture discs for radial and circumferential scores and the igniter with them were tested using water at room temperature. The effects of the score, flow rate, the disc thickness, gas pocket and the solenoid valve on the coefficient were analyzed.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2012.04a
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• pp.247-248
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• 2012

Unidentified self-ignitions were reported when the high-pressure hydrogen gas suddenly leaked out. This paper presents a flow visualization study to investigate the self-ignition mechanism in a test tube how the ignition process is initiated and the flame propagates with measurement of a number of pressure and light sensors installed in the tube supported the analysis of the self-ignition. The test result showed the location of the self-ignition taken place and critical static pressure at the boundary layer for self-ignition.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.113-119
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• 2007

The auto-ignition characteristics and combustion behaviors of one-dimensional array of water-in-fuel droplets suspended in a high temperature chamber have been investigated experimentally with various droplet spacing and number of droplets. The fuels used were pure n-decane and emulsified n-decane with water contents varied from 10% to 30%. All experiments have been performed at 920 K under the atmospheric pressure. The number of droplets in an array were fixed as 3 or 5 and its spacing was varied from 3 mm to 7 mm by 1mm interval. The imaging technique with a high-speed camera has been adopted to measure the ignition delay and flame life time. The micro-explosion behaviors were also observed. As the droplet array sparing increased, the ignition delay also increased regardless of water contents. However, the life time of droplet array decreased as the droplet spacing increased. The full combustion time in array of 3 droplets was found to be longer than that for 5 droplets case due to the longer ignition delay.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.44-49
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• 2001

Reduced chemical kinetics mechanism has been derived, which can be applicable for autoignition model of hydrocarbon fuels, and contains 23 reactions and 18 species. The present model is validated with the experimental data, where the ignition delays of several hydrocarbon fuels, such as n-heptane, i-octane, n-decane and DME(dimethylether) are measured as equivalence ratios are varied. Especially, the effects of different fuels on ignition delays can be explained by changing the rate constants of three reactions among the present model. As a result, the proposed model can be applicable to two stage ignition model of Diesel combustion.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.334-337
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• 2008

Three-dimensional unsteady reacting flowfield generated by transverse hydrogen injection into a supersonic mainstream are numerically investigated using DES and finite-rate chemistry model. Comparisons are made with experimental results to investigate the turbulent reacting flow physics. The numerical OH distribution describes well the experimental OH-PLIF result, while the numerical ignition delay time shows some disparity due to the restricted available experimental data.

• Journal of ILASS-Korea
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.90-95
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• 2018

The goal of this study is to experimentally observe the autoignition phenomena of a diesel/1-butanol mixture droplet in ambient pressure and $700^{\circ}C$ condition. A volume ratio of 1-butanol in the fuel was set to 25, 50 and 75%. A single droplet was installed at the tip of fine thermocouple, and the electric furnace dropped down to make elevated temperature condition. Droplet behavior during the experiment could be divided into 3 stages including droplet heating, puffing and autoignition/combustion. Puffing process intensively observed for the case of 1-butanol volume ratio of 25 and 50%, but did not occur at 75%. Increase of 1-butanol volume ratio hindered rise of the droplet temperature and delayed ignition. In addition, puffing process also affected on autoignition, so the ignition delay of 1-butanol volume ratio of 50% was became longer than that of 75% case.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.49-55
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• 2007

The characteristics of auto-ignition and combustion process of a single droplet of emulsified fuel suspended in a high-temperature air chamber have been investigated experimentally with various droplet sizes, surrounding temperatures, and water contents. The used fuels was n-Decane and it was emulsified with varied water contents whose maximum is 30%. The high-speed camera has been adopted to measure the ignition delay and flame life time. It was also applied to observe micro-explosion behaviors. The increase of droplet size and chamber temperature cause the decrease of the ignition delay time and flame life-time. As the water contents increases, the ignition delay time increases and the micro-explosion behaviors are strengthened. The starting timings of micro-explosion and fuel puffing are compared for different droplet sizes and the amount of water contents.