• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.73-76
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• 2003

A girl aged 21 months with $Henoch-Sch\"{o}nlein$ purpura(HSP) developed heavy proteinuria with hematuria 8 days after the appearance of purpuric rash, swelling and tenderness of both ankle joints. Her clinical and laboratory features demonstrated nephrotic and nephritic syndrome. The percutaneous renal biopsy revealed diffuse mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis. Unlike usual HSP nephritis, immunoglobulin A deposition was not detected in the mesangium or the capillary of the glomeruli. Instead, numerous subepithelial electron-dense deposits('humps') mimicking acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis were found.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.821-825
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• 2005

A boy who was eight years old visited the Dept. of Oriental Medical Ophthamology & Otolaryngology & Dermatology Hospital, Dongeui University with allergic purpura. He was suffering from the purpuric rash occurring on the lower extremities and the edema of leg. We treated a patient with only Oriental Medicine(a internal use of the herbal medicine, Dangguisusangamibang and a acupuncture). After four days or so, the symptom of the skin disease was recovered remarkably. The second case, a different boy who was ten years old visited the same hospital with allergic purpura. He was suffering from the purpuric rash occurring on the lower extremities, too. We also treated a patient with only Oriental Medicine(internal use of the herbal medicine, Dangguisusangamibang and a acupuncture). After one weeks or so, the symptom of the skin disease was improved remarkably, we think that these are good cases to treat with Oriental Medicine, Dangguisusangamibang. We suggest that the Oriental Herb medicine, Dangguisusangamibang have an effect with allergic purpura which means Podoyug in Oriental medicine.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.45-49
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• 2000

Henoch-Sch$\ddot{o}$nlein purpura is a systemic vasculitis of unknown etiology that is probably related to an autoimmune phenomenon. Henoch-Sch$\ddot{o}$nlein purpura is characterized by a purpuric rash, arthralgia, nephritis, and gastrointestinal manifestations. We reviewed 169 children hospitalized with a diagnosis of Henoch-Sch$\ddot{o}$nlein purpura between 1989 and 1998. One-hundred thirty-nine (82.2 %) had gastrointestinal findings including abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting and gastrointestinal bleeding. Surgical consultations were obtained for ten children, and laparotomy was performed in five. Three children suspected of having appendicitis underwent appendectomy. None had appendicitis. One child thought to have been intestinal strangulation was found to have hemorrhagic edema of the proximal jejunum and of the distal ileum. Another child underwent resection for an hemorrhagic infarct of the distal ileum. A high index of suspicion of this disease entity in the differential diagnosis of abdominal pain in children can avoid unnecessary laparotomy in most cases. However, life-threatening gastrointestinal complications may occur in low percentage of cases. Prompt recognition and adequate radiologic evaluation of the abdominal manifestation of this entity is necessary for early surgical intervention.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.48-53
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• 2022

The current SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been a particular challenge for diabetes patients. Since these patients are at a higher risk of COVID-19, they have been prioritized for vaccination. In this report, we describe the case of a patient scheduled for diabetic foot amputation who received the first dose of ChAdOx1 nCov-19 vaccine and subsequently developed severe purpura in his genitalia and both of his hands and feet, accompanied by acute renal failure. The operation had to be postponed as severe limb purpura appeared just before the operation. With adequate management for acute renal failure and topical steroid application for the severe purpura lesions, a successful outcome could be obtained after the delayed first ray amputation. We recommend that COVID-19 vaccination should be carefully administered in patients with a diabetic foot requiring amputation.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.81-84
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• 2005

Henoch-$Sch{\ddot{o}}nlein$ purpura (HSP) is a systemic disorder characterized by leukocytoclastic vasculitis that can affect multiple organs predominantly the skin, joints, gastrointestinal tract and kidney. Although the specific pathogenesis of HSP is not known, there are several hypotheses. Although the importance of the complement activation in glomerular injury in HSP has been suggested, the complement levels and the blood pressure in those patients are usually normal and massive proteinuria is not common. And pathologic renal changes also have been reported to show a large variety of glomerular changes. However, to our knowledge, a membranoproliferative glomerulo-nephritis (MPGN) is a rare renal clinicopathologic manifestation of HSP. We report a 6-year-old boy with HSP who developed MPGN with hypertension, massive proteinuria, and hypo-complementemia revealed activation of the classical complement pathway, although we could not exclude the possibility of other hypocomplementemic glomerulonephritis including post-streptococcal acute glomerulonephritis.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.318-324
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• 2016

This study was aimed to verify anti-inflammatory activity of fermented Sargassum siliquanstrum with lactic acid bacteria. Anti-inflammatory activities were compared by measuring the amount of nitric oxide (NO) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages and suppressive effect on inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression in stably transfected RAW 264.7 cells. Inhibitory activities of NO production and iNOS expression were measured after confirmation of NO radical scavenging activities. Fermentation increased NO radical scavenging activities from 7.6% to 15.2% compared to non-fermented condition, and fermentation with Lactobacillus sp. SH-1 was the most efficient. Fermentation without algal debris showed better NO radical scavenging activities than that with debris. Fermentation with Lactobacillus sp. SH-1 also showed the highest NO production inhibitory activity (64.1%) in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. LPS-induced iNOS expression was diminished to 28.6, 35.6, 49.4 and 58.5 at 50, 100, 500 and 1,000 μg/ml, respectively, by fermentation with Lactobacillus sp. SH-1. According to MTT assay, fermented S. siliquanstrum did not influence the cell viability at all concentrations tested, meaning no or less cytotoxicity. These results suggest that S. siliquanstrum has NO radical scavenging activity and anti-inflammatory activity. Thus biological activities of S. siliquanstrum were upgraded by fermentation, which could be used for the development of functional foods.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.112-119
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• 2015

The anti-inflammatory effect of Sargassum coreanum ethanolic extract (SCEE) was investigated using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory responses in this study. It was shown that there was no cytotoxicity in the viability of macrophages treated with SCEE when compared to the control. The production of NO was considerably suppressed by SCEE, approximately up to 50% at 100 μg/ml. This significantly decreased levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β. In addition, the expression of iNOS, COX-2, NF-κB was suppressed by SCEE treatment. In in vivo testing, the croton oil-induced mouse ear edema was attenuated by SCEE and there were no mortalities in mice administered with 5000 mg/kg body weight of SCEE over a 2 week observation period. From these results, SCEE inhibits the release of LPS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines and mediators, suggesting that SCEE could be a potential agent for anti-inflammatory therapies.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.181-190
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• 2001

Purpose: The aim of this study is to investigate the usefulness of intestinal ultrasonography (US) and upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in the early diagnosis of Henoch-Sch$\"{o}$nlein purpura (HSP) with the gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms preceding the emergence of the skin lesion. Methods: The clinical, intestinal US and upper gastrointestinal endoscopic records of 85 patients (88 cases) with GI symptoms relating to HSP presenting between January 1999 and April 2001 were reviewed. Results: 1) GI symptoms were observed in 52 cases (59%) and skin, joint, renal and scrotal manifestations were observed in 88 (100%), 64 (73%), 15 (17%), 3 cases (3%) respectively. 2) Out of 52 cases with GI symptoms, abdominal pain was observed in all cases (100%). Positive stool occult blood, nausea and vomiting, abdominal tenderness, melena or tarry stool, diarrhea, hematemesis, rebound tenderness and rigidity were observed in 28 (50%), 17 (33%), 17 (33%), 12 (23%), 6 (12%), 4 (8%), 1 (2%) and 1 case (2%) respectively in order of frequency. 3) Intestinal US examination was performed in 27 cases with HSP and GI symptoms (52 cases). Out of 27 sonographic examinations 22 showed abnormal findings. Thickening of the duodeno-jejunal wall was observed in 16 cases (73%). Free peritoneal fluid, enlarged mesenteric lymph node, ileus and abnormal gall bladder were seen in 8 (36%), 8 (36%), 4 (18%) and 1 case (5%) respectively. In three cases of HSP without GI symptoms, those changes were absent. 4) In all of five cases with HSP and GI symptoms, endoscopic study showed mucosal edema and multiple hemorrhagic erosions especially at the second portion of the duodenum. Biopsy specimens from the duodenum of 2 cases out of 5 endoscopic examinations showed acute inflammatory infiltrates in the mucosa with hemorrhage. 5) Both intestinal US and endoscopic studies were performed in 4 cases with HSP and GI symptoms simultaneously. Out of 4 those cases, 3 cases showed the thickened duodeno-jejunal wall on the intestinal US, which suggested erosive hemorrhagic duodenitis by endoscopic findings. Conclusion: The typical but nonpathognomonic intestinal US findings including the thickening of the duodeno-jejunal wall and upper gastrointestinal endoscopic findings including hemorrhagicerosive duodenitis, in children with GI symptoms, should be considered a manifestation of HSP, even in the absence of skin lesion.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.228-232
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• 2001

Gastrointestinal involvement occurs in two thirds of children with Henoch-Sch$\"{o}$nlein purpura (HSP) and intussusception is by far the most common abdominal complication. Intussusception in HSP almost originates in the small bowel, which is in contrast with idiopathic intussusception. Earlier diagnosis and prompt treatment of intra-abdominal complications can reduce the mortality and ultrasound is the imaging modality of choice in evaluation the bowel manifestations of HSP. We report a case of jejuno-jejunal intussusception associated with HSP in a 5-year-old boy who presented with diffuse abdominal pain and vomiting after a few days of HSP onset. Abdominal ultrasound demonstrated intussusception in the jejunum with well defined target appearance because of the thickened intussusceptum, which disappeared on the computerized tomographic examination checked approximately 24 hours later. A brief review of literature was made.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.173-179
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• 1988

Since 1931, sporadic reports have appeared noting an apparent association between hyperthyroidism and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Recent various studies suggested that these two diseases may share a similar immunologic background, but the the exact mechanism is still a matter of speculation. This 22-year old female patient visisted this hospital because of general weakness and purpura of legs for 2 months. The laboratory findings were compatible with Graves' disease associated with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. The palatclet count was 16000/$mm^3$, hemoglobulin was 10.9g/dl and MCV was 60.1tL. T3 was 490.53ng/dL, T4 was 24ug/dL and free T4 was 5.66ng/dL. Antiplatelet antibody and anti-microsomal antibody were positive. The bone marrow findings were compatible with tron deficiency anemia and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. The thyroid biopsy showed adenomatous goiter. She was administered with propyl thiouracil, Beta-blocker, iron and prednisolon. On the 10th hospital day, platelet count was 184000/$mm^3$, hemoglobulin was 12.0gm/dL and MCV was 67.5fL. On the 20th hospital day, T4 was 10.35ug/dL and free T4 was 2.30ng/dL. Therefore she was discharged and followed up.