• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.337-349
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• 2007

Yearly, it seems the fact that the numbers of tunnels with wide sections are on the rise as the length of tunnel and number of lanes continues increasing. According to these trends, well-schemed plans of design, construction and management related with tunnel safety has become to be crucial. It is a high possibility to be observed by the fact that the direct effects of casualties and property damages are caused by the situations of car collisions, bump to solid structures by careless driving and the outbreak on vehicles by mechanical fault. Therefore, in order to prevent these types of accidents, we would make issues md adopt appropriate mechanical and management plans of emergency exits and disaster prevention equipments inside of tunnel, based on up-to dated experiences and study of foreign cases, to structural design technology. The objectives of this study are to recognize related actual problems and suggest improvement plans.

• 도로교통
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• s.100
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• pp.107-114
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• 2005

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.291-292
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• 2012

본 연구는 여러 가지 센서를 이용하여 자동차 전용 도로터널의 차량 사고시의 음향을 인식하여 사고인식률을 높이는 화재 예고 시스템에 관한 연구이다. 현행의 CCTV나 자동화재탐재설비에서 감지하는 열센서나 영상전송자료를 파악하기에 앞서, 이차적 재해 가능성을 유의미한 수준에서 미리 예고하고 대응할 수 있는 사전예고시스템을 구성하였다. 유선설치기반의 센서로 대부분 구성된 도로터널 내에서 비교적 설비가 저렴한 무선센서를 사용함으로서 기존 터널에서의 적용성을 증대시켰다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of IIIuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.51-55
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• 2005

터널은 밝기가 급변하는 장소로서 자동차 운전자가 터널 진입 시 도로의 상황이나 교통상황을 정확히 파악하여 안전하고 불안감 없이 도로를 통행 할 수 있게 하여야 한다. 터널내의 충분한 노면휘도 유지를 위하여 터널내부의 조도를 정기적으로 측정하여야 하는데 기존의 수동식 측정법으로는 신속하고 신뢰적인 조도측정에 한계가 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 차량을 이용한 터널조도 및 휘도 측정시스템 개발과 함께 운용타당성에 대한 결과를 외국 사례와 함께 터널 실험을 통하여 결론을 도출하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of IIIuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.195-199
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• 2005

우리나라는 국토의 65% 이상이 산악지대로서 일반도로, 고속도로, 산업도로에서 터널이 차지하는 비중이 점차 증대되어지고 있다. 터널은 밝기가 급변하는 장소로서 자동차 운전자가 터널 진입 시 도로의 상황이나 교통상황을 정확히 파악하여 안전하고 불안감 없이 도로를 통행 할 수 있게 하여야 한다. 터널내의 충분한 노면휘도 유지를 위하여 터널내부의 조도를 정기적으로 측정하여야 하는데 기존의 수동식 측정법으로는 신속하고 신뢰적인 조도측정에 한계가 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 차량을 이용한 측정시스템을 이용하여 터널조도 및 휘도를 측정하고 그 실측값을 분석하였다.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.409-420
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• 2017

The amount of ventilation required in making the tunnel ventilation plan is an important factor for determining the capacity of the ventilation system. The amount of pollutant emission for each type of vehicle (basic emission amount for the design of ventilation volume) for estimating the required ventilation amount is based on the 'Standard for Allowing the Emission for the car manufacturing', proposed by Ministry of Environment. However, in 2013, the Ministry of Environment announced the 'Regulations on the calculation method of total emissions from vehicles' as a regulation for calculating the pollutants emitted from vehicles. In this regulation, there are the 'Emission factors for each type of vehicle'. Therefore, it is necessary to review the application of the Regulation to the estimation of the required ventilation volume for the road tunnel. In this study, the influence of the strengthened emission regulation in 2015 caused by the case of manipulation of emission volume for the diesel vehicle on the calculation of the required ventilation volume in the road tunnel has been checked. In addition, in this study, the required ventilation volume calculated according to the Standard for Allowing the Emission for the car manufacturing revised by Ministry of Environment and "Emission factors for each type of vehicle" and that calculated according to the EURO emission standard were compared for analysis. This study has implications that it provides the basic design data for calculating the reasonable ventilation capacity of the ventilation system based on the ground for calculating the required ventilation volume.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2010.04a
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• pp.96-101
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 터널 내부에서의 화재 사고 시 화재를 자동으로 조기 발견 경보하여 화재 초기에 대응력을 확보시킬 수 있게 하는 화재 감지기의 성능 평가를 위해 터널 내부에서의 실물 화재 실험을 실시하였다. 실물화재실험은 일반적으로 도로 터널에 적용 중인 공기관식, 반도체식 감지기를 대상으로 "도로터널 방재시설 설치지침(2004, 건설교통부)"의 터널 내부의 화재 감지기 성능 실험 기준에 따라 메탄올을 이용한 풀버너와 소형 승용차를 이용하였다. 실험결과 메탄을 풀화재(단면적 $4m^2$)의 경우 약 36초 안에 모두 화재를 감지하였으며, 실물자동차화재실험의 경우는 1분 이내에 모두 화재를 감지하는 결과를 나타내었다.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.71-76
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• 2002

The real scale tunnel fire tests are carried out for the first time in domestic range to assess the extent of risk in the tunnel fire. The tunnel dimension is 465 m in length, 9.2 m in width and 6.5 m in height. Gasoline pools with 0.25 MW∼2.5 MW size and a 1500CC passenger car are used as fire sources. Six jet fans are used to change the flow velocity inside the tunnel. Temperatures at total 86 points in the tunnel are measured to find the temperature distribution and smoke behavior in the real tunnel fire. In the experiment, it is examined that the important parameters to assess the extent of risk in tunnel fire such as back layering of smoke front, descending of smoke layer and the fire size of a real passenger car.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.619-625
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• 2019

It is difficult to design because of the plug-holing phenomenon in which the amount of smoke discharged from the vertical vent is smaller than the designed amount of smoke. In this study, the effect of cross-sectional area ratio of tunnel and natural ventilation and heat release rate of fire source on plug-holing phenomenon occurring in natural ventilation system was experimentally analyzed. In the experiment model reduced to 1/20 size, the aspect ratio of the tunnel and the vertical vent was fixed, and the influence on the plug-holing phenomenon was confirmed by varying the sectional area ratio of the tunnel and the vertical vent. Experimental results show that the plug-holing phenomenon is caused by the comparison of the smoke boundary layer temperature with the temperature in the vertical vents, and the flow and temperature distribution characteristics under the vertical vents are changed as the cross-sectional area ratio of the tunnel and vertical vents increases. The plug-holing phenomenon is affected by the cross-sectional area ratio between the tunnel and the vertical ventilation. The greater the cross-sectional area ratio, the greater the probability of plug-holing.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.90-99
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• 2002

The main purpose of this study lies on the development of micro dilution tunnel based on the Sierra Dilution chamber model. As a primary examination, characteristics of flow and temperature distributions during the steady dilution process in dilution chamber are observed with numerical analysis. The penetration of dilution air through porous tube as well as wall temperature and temperature gradient inside porous tube are examined. The thermophoretic velocity in terms of temperature behavior inside porous tube are defined and examined. Based on the ratio of penetration and thermophoretic velocities, all part of porous tube are shown to be safe from the particulate depositions. However, The inlet portion of porous tube in addition to the portion of impinging of dilution air are marginally safe from the particulate depositions. Generally the safer design against particulate deposition is required in provision f3r steady dilution process and for transient process as well.