[KSCI] Korea Science Citation Index Service

http://dx.doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2019.20.4.619

Experimental Study on the Effect of the Area Ratio between Shaft and Tunnel and Heat Release Rate on the Plug-holing Phenomena in Shallow Underground Tunnels

Hong, Kibea (Department of Automotive Engineering, Korea National University of Transportation)
Na, Junyoung (Department of Mechanical System Engineering, Chung-Ang University)
Ryou, Hong Sun (Department of Mechanical System Engineering, Chung-Ang University)

Publication Information

Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society / v.20, no.4, 2019 , pp. 619-625 More about this Journal

Abstract

It is difficult to design because of the plug-holing phenomenon in which the amount of smoke discharged from the vertical vent is smaller than the designed amount of smoke. In this study, the effect of cross-sectional area ratio of tunnel and natural ventilation and heat release rate of fire source on plug-holing phenomenon occurring in natural ventilation system was experimentally analyzed. In the experiment model reduced to 1/20 size, the aspect ratio of the tunnel and the vertical vent was fixed, and the influence on the plug-holing phenomenon was confirmed by varying the sectional area ratio of the tunnel and the vertical vent. Experimental results show that the plug-holing phenomenon is caused by the comparison of the smoke boundary layer temperature with the temperature in the vertical vents, and the flow and temperature distribution characteristics under the vertical vents are changed as the cross-sectional area ratio of the tunnel and vertical vents increases. The plug-holing phenomenon is affected by the cross-sectional area ratio between the tunnel and the vertical ventilation. The greater the cross-sectional area ratio, the greater the probability of plug-holing.

Keywords

Area Ratio; Ceiling Jet Flow; Natural Ventilation System; Shallow Underground Tunnel; Plug-Holing Phenomena;

Citations & Related Records

Reference

1	P. L. Hinkley, "The flow of hot gases along an enclosed shopping mall a tentative theory", Fire Safety Science 807, FIRE research station, UK, pp.5-15.
2	D. Spratt, A. Heselden, "Efficient extraction of smoke from a thin layer under a ceiling", Fire Safety Science 1001, Fire Safety Science, FIRE research station, UK, pp.5-11.
3	J. Ji, Z.H. Gao, C.G. Fan, W. Zhong, J.H. Sun, "A study of the effect of plug-holing and boundary layer separation on natural ventilation with vertical shaft in urban road Tunnel fires" International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 55, 21-22, pp.6032-6041, 2012. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2012.06.014 DOI
4	Morgan J. Hurley, SFPE handbook of fire protection engineering, 3493, Springer, pp429-454, 2015.
5	Quintiere, J.G., Principles of Fire Behavior, 437, Delmar, 437, 1998. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1201/9781315369655
6	J. Ji, Z.H. Gao, J.H. Sun, "Large Eddy Simulation of stack effect on natural smoke exhausting effect in urban road Tunnel fires", International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 66, pp531-542, 2013. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2013.07.057 DOI
7	National Fire Protection Association, "NFPA 92: standard for smoke control systems", USA, 2011.
8	S. Zhang, K. He, Y. Yao, M. Peng, H. Yang, J. Wang, X. Cheng, "Investigation on the critical shaft height of plug-holing in the natural ventilated tunnel fire", International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 132, pp517-533, 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2018.06.018 DOI
9	Cooper, L.Y., Harkleroad, M., Quintiere, J., Rinkinen, W. "An Experimental Study of Upper Hot layer Stratification in Full-Scale Multiroom Fire Scenarios", J. Heat Transfer, 1982. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1115/1.3245194
10	Janssens, M., Tran, H.C., "Data Reduction of Room Tests for Zone Model Validation", J. Fire Sci., 10, 528-555, 1992. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/073490419201000604 DOI
11	J.G. Quintiere, "Scaling applications in fire research." Fire Safety Journal, 15.1, pp3-29, 1989 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0379-7112(89)90045-3 DOI
12	F. Mei, F. Tang, X. Ling, J. Yu, "Evolution characteristics of fire smoke layer thickness in a mechanical ventilation tunnel with multiple point extraction" Applied Thermal Engineering, 111, pp248-256, 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2016.09.064 DOI
13	A. Hamins, T. Kashiwagi, R.R. Buch, "Characteristics of Pool Fire Burning" Fire Resistance of Industrial Fluids, American Resistance of Industrial Fluids, IN, pp.19-24. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1520/STP16278S
14	C. G. Fan, J. Ji, Z. H. Gao, J. Y. Han, J. H. Sun, "Experimental study of air entrainment mode with natural ventilation using shafts in road tunnel fires", International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 56.1-2, pp750-757, 2013. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.12.019 DOI