• Title/Summary/Keyword: 자구

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Review on Membrane Materials to Improve Plasticization Resistance for Gas Separations (가소화 저항 향상을 위한 기체분리막 소재 개발 동향)

  • Jo, Jin Hui;Chi, Won Seok
    • Membrane Journal
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    • v.30 no.6
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    • pp.385-394
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    • 2020
  • In the gas separation process, the separation membranes have to not only show high gas transport and selectivity but also exhibit exceptional stability at high temperature and pressure. However, when the polymeric membranes (particularly, glassy polymers) are exposed to the condensable gases (i.e., CO2, H2S, hydrocarbon, etc.), the polymer chains are prone to swell, leading to low stability. As a result, the plasticization behavior reduces the gas selectivity in the separation of mixture gases at high pressures and thus results in limited applications to the separation processes. To address these issues, many strategies have been studied such as thermal treatment, polymer blending, thermally rearrangement, mixed-matrix membranes, cross-linking, etc. In this review, we will understand the plasticization behavior and suggest potential methods based on the previously reported studies.

A Critical Review of the UK's Regional Development Policies in the Post-Brexit Era and its Implication (포스트 브렉시트 시대의 영국 지역발전정책에 대한 비판적 검토와 함의)

  • Jeon, Bong-Kyung
    • Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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    • v.24 no.4
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    • pp.446-462
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    • 2021
  • The aim of this paper is to examine the long-standing regional disparities and social division in the UK which are considered one of the crucial facts of Brexit. Since Brexit, also, the changed regional development policies are reviewed. Regarding policy perspective, we delve into the process of the UK government's strategic policy choices, such as privatisation of public enterprises and financial reform, amid the neoliberal globalisation in the late 1970s, drawing its implication to us having similar problems. Besides, the UK's self-sustaining regional development fund, policy, and changed governance are dissected with several ongoing debates. Finally, this study asserts the necessity of the social consensus of regional disparity policies and the establishment of the spatial environment particularly in regions left behind, giving the quality and equity of life.

Mortality Change of North Korean People and its Association with State Production and Welfare System (경제 위기 전후 북한 주민의 사망률 동태의 특성과 변화)

  • Park, Keong-Suk
    • Korea journal of population studies
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    • v.35 no.1
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    • pp.101-130
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    • 2012
  • This study examines mortality change in North Korea and its association with state production and welfare systems. Two main subjects are analyzed. The first theme is to examine the reliability of mortality related data released by North Korea government authorities. Examining inner consistencies among mortality related statistics and comparing with mortality trends in other socialist societies, the study finds that mortality rate was under estimated. Under-estimation of mortality by North Korean authorities is regarded to result not only from political purpose which aims to propagate the regime's superiority but also from enumeration errors of vital statistics based on the residence registration. The second theme is to estimate the change in mortality of North Korean people since the establishment of DPRK, correcting errors of mortality data. Mortality of North Korean people is estimated to have improved largely by the early 1970s, to have been sluggish hereafter, and finally to have increased during the economic hardship period between 1993 and 2008. While large people died during the food crisis in the late 1990s, however the population loss caused by mortality increase was not so great as the proposition of the huge starvation was expected. It is partly because population turbulence occurred not just by mortality increase, rather it has progressed in the joint effects of fertility decline and exodus of North Korean people for food. It is also due to North Korean people's voluntary activities of informal economy. It is also worth noting the high mortality rate of North Korean men. The high mortality of North Korean men is likely due to men's mobilization for long time in army and labor with high risk of accident and their life styles.

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Study on Oxidation and Coercivity of Nd2Fe14B Compound Crystal (Nd2Fe14B 화합물 결정의 산화 및 보자력에 관한 연구)

  • Kwon, H.W.;Yu, J.H.
    • Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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    • v.22 no.3
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    • pp.85-90
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    • 2012
  • Oxidation of the $Nd_2Fe_{14}B$ compound crystal and its effect on the coercivity of the fine $Nd_2Fe_{14}B$ crystal particles were investigated. Oxidation kinetics of the $Nd_2Fe_{14}B$ compound crystal was investigated using an excessively grown $Nd_2Fe_{14}B$ grains in the $Nd_{15}Fe_{77}B_8$ alloy ingot. Oxidation of the $Nd_2Fe_{14}B$ compound crystal occurred by dissociation of the phase into multi-phase mixture of ${\alpha}$-Fe, $Fe_3B$, and Nd oxides. Oxidation rate of the $Nd_2Fe_{14}B$ compound crystal showed no dependence on the crystallographic direction. The oxidation reaction was modeled according to simple linear relationship. Activation energy for the oxidation of $Nd_2Fe_{14}B$ compound crystal was calculated to be approximately 26.8 kJ/mol. Fine $Nd_2Fe_{14}B$ crystal particles in near single domain size was prepared by ball milling of the HDDR-treated $Nd_{15}Fe_{77}B_8$ alloy, and these particles were used for investigating the effect of oxidation on the coercvity. The near single domain size $Nd_2Fe_{14}B$ crystal particles (${\fallingdotseq}0.3\;{\mu}m$) had high coercivity over 9 kOe. However, the coercivity was radically reduced as the temperature increased in air (<2 kOe at $200^{\circ}C$). This radical coercivity reduction was attributed to the soft magnetic phases, ${\alpha}$-Fe and $Fe_3B$, which were formed on the surface of the fine particles due to the oxidation.

Quest of Wang Yak-heo(王若虚)'s Theories of Poetry - With a focus on Three Volumes of 「Talks on Chinses Poetry」 among "the Collected Writings of Wang Yak-heo"(滹南遺老集) (王若虚的詩論探究(왕약허의 시론 탐구) - 以《滹南遺老集》中的《詩話》三卷爲主(『호남유로집』 중 「시화」 3권을 중심으로) -)

  • Jang, Yung-Ki
    • (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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    • no.34
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    • pp.207-224
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    • 2009
  • This research is a quest of theories of poetry of Wang Yak-heo who was a literary critic during Chin(金) dynasty in ancient China. Wang Yak-heo left a fine piece of work, dubbed ${\ll}$Honam Yuro Jib${\gg}$ and, in this paper, the author closely reviewed the theories of poetry that is appeared, especially, in the three volumes of ${\ll}$Talks on Chinese Poetry${\gg}$ among the collections of Wang's poetry criticism. In particular, the author investigated the positive and negative aspects of Honam's commentaries on the works by Chinese poets, including his principles of poetics, creative skills, and practical criticism, etc. Wang Yak-heo has not been known much in the history of Chinese literary thoughts, however, his theory of criticism, especially, among the talks on Chinese the works by Chinese poets, his literature criticisms establish unique and distinctive point of views. Wang Yak-heo's poetics, more than anything else, valued nature, meanings, truth, and contents therein. He exhibited realistic view of literature. Meanwhile, he analyzed the methods of expression by Du Bo(杜甫, pronounced, "Du Fu" in Chinese), So Sik, also known as So Dong Pa (蘇軾, Su Shi or 蘇東坡, Su Dong Po in Chinese), and Hwang Jeong-gyeon(黃庭堅, Huang T'ing-chien), and highly evaluated the realistic poems written by Du Bo, Baek Geo-I (白居易, pronounced, "Bai Juyi" in Chinese), and So Sik. Also, he opposed to formalism or externality, however, he never made light of formality of poetry. In his comments on the works by Chinese poets, he highly evaluated the poems sung by So Sik and Beek Geo-I, in the mean time, however, he criticized their works without hesitation. Having set up his own unique criteria for critique, Wang didn't accept other opinions in a seemingly illogical manner, and he presented what he thoughts and other different points of view from others. Specifically, he attached great importance to whether or not modification of words and phrases, grammar, and whole context were congruent to one another and had been well harmonized. However, in his poetics, Wang was so wrapped himself in reasonableness or rationality, he analyzed each and every word in great detailed manner, as the result, he sometimes didn't read the sentiment or mood that the writers intended to express through poems. He excessively restricted himself to the words and phrases, so that he was not able to realize natural emotions and joy of imagination that were presented in the poems, and, in the end, this brought about adverse effects to the poet's thought.

원격탐사 자료 공공 활용을 위한 한-유럽 국제협력

  • Kim, Yun-Su;Lee, Gwang-Jae;Triebnig, Gerhard;Hoersch, Bianca
    • Aerospace Engineering and Technology
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    • v.4 no.2
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    • pp.220-229
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    • 2005
  • The Earth observation imagery from satellite provide valuable informations for the central government, local governments and diverse public organizations. The analysis of applications and data, which are sold by commercial distributors of Earth observation satellite data, shows this phenomenon clearly. The Government of Republic of Korea established and carried out a national space development plan to meet the national needs for remotely sensed imagery. After this national space development plan and on behalf of Korean government KARI has developed and launched successfully the KOMPSAT-1 and operates it up to now. KARI is now to launch by the end of year 2005 another optical remote sensing satellite with very high resolution and named as KOMPSAT-2. For the application of such very high resolution remotely sensed data the product validation should be done carefully and this product validation require lots of ancillary data such as in-situ measurements. For the purpose of diverse ancillary data acquisition joint work with other nations, related institutes and international bodies is essential. In this paper the status of Korean European Cooperations will be introduced, which are derived by KARI, ARCS and ESA for the wide use of KOMPSAT data in Europe.

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The Precaution Duty and the Product Liability for Adverse Reactions to the Contrast Media (조영제 부작용에 대한 주의의무와 제조물책임)

  • Kang, Yeong-Han
    • Journal of radiological science and technology
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    • v.30 no.4
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    • pp.305-311
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    • 2007
  • Contrast medium is a useful drug for radiological examinations and usability of it gradually increases while it has some inevitable adverse reaction and it is difficult to predict the occurrence and the degree of adverse reactions. Although the patient consented permission for the use of contrast media, the hospital could not be exempted from the responsibility for the adverse contrast media reaction. During radiological contrast media examination, the radiologist and the contrast media producer have the duty of precaution, prediction and avoid adverse results. In addition, they have reliabi lity of patient remedy for neglecting the duty. Since contrast medium are manufactured or processed as movable properties, the manufacturers are bound to the product liability if damages occur due to the defects in pharmaceuticals. In consideration of the characteristics of product liability, it is necessary to demand high degree of duty of care and diligence from producer or to reduce patient's burden of proof in a product liability lawsuit. For securing compensation ability and liability implementation, products compensation liability insurance is required for contrast medium manufacturers. In conclusion, contrast medium producer has legal liability for adverse reactions and the contract concluded with producer and hospital including legal liability will reduce liability of hospital and radiologist, patient.

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Genetic Study on the Resistance of Blast Disease in the Rice Variety Tongil (II) (수도 통일품종의 도열병저항성에 관한 유전학적 연구(II))

  • Kwon Shin Han;Oh Jeung Haing
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
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    • v.15 no.4 s.29
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    • pp.163-168
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    • 1976
  • The present study was conducted to determine the number of genes controlling resistance of variety Tongil to three prevalent blast strains and any relationships among the genes in the inheritance of resistance of the variety to blast. Tongil was crossed with five local varieties and the progenies were tested with blast isolates E-7 and 100-14 by injection inoculation method. Results indicated that a tingle dominant gene conditioned resistance of variety Tongil and resistance to the isolate E-7 was controlled by a gene different from that controlling resistance to the isolate 100-14. In previous study it was identified that the gene controlling resistance to the isolate E-7 was different from the gene for resistance to isolate T-1. Therefore based on the foregoing results it may be inferred that the variety Tongil has at least three or more resistant genes to blast.

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An Experimental Study on the Effects of Risk Cognition of Personal Information and Self-Expression Information on Conation of Privacy Protection (SNS의 개인정보와 자기표현정보의 중요도 인지가 정보보호 행동의지에 미치는 영향에 관한 실험연구)

  • Lim, Jung-Ho;Kwon, Sun-Dong
    • Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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    • v.28 no.3
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    • pp.681-694
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    • 2018
  • This paper studied the effects of risk cognition of personal information and self-expression information on conation of privacy protection. In the first study, 88 college students who volunteered for this research were surveyed about risk cognition of personal information and conation to protect it. In the second study, after an information-seeking expert collected and organized the self-expression information that 88 volunteers had expressed on SNS, and then showed the organized self-expression information to 88 volunteers, and then 88 volunteers were surveyed about risk cognition of self-expression information and conation to protect it. As results of the first data analysis, the risk cognition of personal information had the greatest influence on non-disclosure of personal information, followed by reduction of the disclosure scope and law institutionalization requirement. As results of the second data analysis, SNS users openly expressed their opinion or life-style, but when they realized that self-expression information can be accumulated and become sensitive information, they had conation to protect their self-expression information such as non-disclosure, reduction of disclosure scope, and law institutionalization requirement. The implication of this study is that we have overcome the limitations of existing researches that can not explain information protection behavior on SNS.

A Plan for Opening the University Libraries as the Central Axis of Learning Function (학습기능의 중심축으로서 대학도서관 개방 방안)

  • Kim, Sun-Yi;Kim, Yoon-Seob
    • Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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    • v.22 no.1
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    • pp.11-26
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    • 2011
  • The expectation and the role for the university are rising due to the national competitiveness and change of environment in higher education in the knowledge based society, and the role to realize the effective lifelong study is also underlined in lifelong study society. And the social awareness is also diffused that the university should share the specialized substantial information resource with the community, and ensure the access right to knowledge and information to local inhabitant. Like this, the roll as an information center that the university can develop the local society as the component of the community according to the diffusion of lifelong study and the change of civic awareness. To check the open state of university libraries to community, this study surveyed and analyzed the open state of 4-year-course university libraries in Seoul and Gyoenggi region. On this base, this study emphasized that the university should open its libraries and positively offer the abundant specialized data of university libraries to the local residents. And this study suggested the way that the university libraries can cooperate connecting with the local public libraries and the school libraries as a positive service way of university libraries. Also this study accentuated that the university libraries should establish an open-door policy of its libraries and enlarge the service for the local residents by using the university conditions to maximum with the positive support of the university libraries of government and the university's bureaucracy.